gain voltage controller 1 to

The proportional-action coefficient KPR indicates the closed-loop control

system gain. By increasing the gain, the response is increased to permit lar- ger corrections to the variable to be controlled. The farther out of tolerance the process is the larger the response action is to return the process to the tolerance band. If the gain is configured too high, the result is excessive

Parameter 45

Volt. controller Reset Tn 00.0s

SPM-D10/X 'ANALOG' only

Voltage controller reset time 0.0 to 60.0 s The reset time Tn represents the Integral component of the PID controller.

The reset time corrects for any offset (between set point and process vari- able) automatically over time by shifting the proportioning band. Reset au- tomatically changes the output requirements until the process variable and the set point are the same. This parameter permits the user to adjust how quickly the reset attempts to correct for any offset. The reset time constant must be greater than the derivative time constant. If the reset time constant is too small, the engine will continually oscillate. If the reset time constant is too large, the engine will take to long to settle at a steady state. The integral is disabled when Tn=0.00 s is configured here (refer to "Analog Controller

Outputs" on page 29).

Parameter 46

Volt. controller Derivat.Tv=0.00s

SPM-D10/X 'ANALOG' only

Derivative-action time voltage controller 0.00 to 6.00 s The derivative-action time TV represents the Derivative component of the

PID controller. By increasing this parameter, the stability of the system is increased. The controller will attempt to slow down the action of the throttle in an attempt to prevent excessive overshoot or undershoot. Essentially this is the brake for the process. This portion of the PID loop operates anywhere within the range of the process unlike reset. The derivative is disabled when TV=0.00 s is configured here (refer to "Analog Controller Outputs" on page

Synchronization

Parameter 47

Synchronizing functions ON

Synchronization functions ON/OFF

ON ...The generator frequency and voltage is adjusted to the per-

missible differential ranges for the busbar/mains prior to issu- ing a connect command. The subsequent screens of this func- tion are displayed.

OFF ...Synchronization does not occur, but no-load control is per-

formed if necessary. A connect command is not output. The subsequent screens of this function are not displayed.

Parameter 48

Synchronization df max = 0.00Hz

Max. perm. frequency differential (pos. slip) 0.02 to 0.49 Hz This value specifies the upper generator frequency limit for breaker closure. A close command will not be issued until the generator and busbar/mains frequency differential falls below the value configured in this screen. A positive value corresponds to positive slip Æ generator frequency is greater than the busbar frequency.

Parameter 49

Synchronization df min =-0.00Hz

Max. perm. differential frequency (neg. slip) 0.00 to -0.49 Hz

This value specifies the lower generator frequency limit for breaker closure. A close command will not be issued until the generator and busbar/mains frequency differential exceeds the value configured in this screen. A nega- tive value corresponds to negative slip Æ generator frequency is less than the busbar frequency.

Parameter 50

Synchronization dV max = 00V

Max. perm. differential voltage 1 to 60 V

This value specifies the maximum permissible voltage differential for breaker closure. A close command will not be issued until the generator and busbar/mains voltage differential falls below the value configured in this screen.

Parameter 51

Synchronization Brk.hold T>0.00s

Min. pulse duration of connect relay 0.04 to 0.50 s

The duration of the connect pulse can be adjusted to meet the requirements of the switchgear.

Parameter 52

Phase matching ON

Phase matching control ON / OFF

ON ... The synchronization is performed with phase matching con-

trol and the power circuit breaker closure is dependent upon the phase angle (refer to "Synchronizing" on page 26). Only the parameters relating to phase matching are displayed.

OFF ... Synchronization is performed when the frequency and voltage

differential are within the specified ranges. The circuit breaker is closed at the synchronous point (refer to "Synchronizing" on page 26). Only the parameters relating to slip synchroniza- tion are displayed.

Parameter 53

Phase matching Max phase < 00°

Phase matching control = ON

Max. perm. differential angle 0 to 60° This configuration screen is displayed only if the phase matching control is enabled! A connect command is only issued when the phase angle differen- tial is less than the value configured in this screen.

Parameter 54

Slip synchroniz. TClose GCB=000ms

Phase matching control = OFF

Inherent delay of circuit breaker 40 to 300 ms

This configuration screen is displayed only if the phase matching control is disabled! All circuit breakers have an inherent delay from the time the close command is issued until the circuit breaker contacts are closed. That time is configured in this screen. This permits the controller to issue the breaker closure command with enough lead-time so that the breaker contacts close at the synchronous point.

Parameter 55

Slip synchroniz. Max phase < 00°

Phase matching control = OFF

Max. perm. differential angle in case of phase-angle-zero-control 0 to 60°

This configuration screen is displayed only if the phase matching control is disabled! A connect command is only issued when the phase angle differen- tial is less than the value configured in this screen.

Synchronization with slip - In the operation mode "synchronization with

slip" this angle is only used as an additional measurement. If this measure- ment shall not be taken into consideration, the user must configure the angle to 60°.

Synch-check - In the operation mode "Synch-check" the phase angle differ-

ential must be less than the value configured here for the relay "Command: close CB" to be energized.

Parameter 56

Phase matching Dwell time 00.0s

Phase matching control = ON

Dwell time for switching in case of phase-angle-zero-control 0.2 to 10.0 s This configuration screen is displayed only if the phase matching control is enabled!

Once the controller detects that the phase angle matching has been achieved, a timer is started. Only after the expiration of this dwell time is the connect command issued. If the controller detects that one of the synchronization pa- rameters has left the required range, the dwell timer is reset.

Parameter 57

Phase matching Gain 00

Phase matching control = ON

Phase-angle-zero-control gain 1 to 36

This configuration screen is displayed only if the phase matching control is enabled!

This gain determines how the frequency raise/lower output signal reacts while synchronization is performed. Since the frequency controller is en- abled while a phase matching synchronization is performed, the gain for the frequency controller (Parameter 27) must be accurately tuned prior to tun- ing this gain.

Parameter 58

Phase matching df start 0.00Hz

Phase matching control = ON

Differential frequency for starting phase-angle-zero-control 0.02 to 0.25 Hz

This configuration screen is displayed only if the phase matching control is enabled!

The control enables phase matching when the generator and busbar/mains frequency differential falls below the value configured here.