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2. Unit shall be capable of continuous operation from 100% to 10% capacity, with entering condenser water temperatures as low as 59F (15C), without the need for a cooling tower bypass valve. Thermostat on/off control of the cooling tower fan is recommended when cooling water temperature falls below 59F (15C).
C. Heat Exchangers:
1. All heat exchangers shall be of shell and tube construction with shells, tubesheets, tube support sheets and waterboxes fabricated of carbon steel.
All heat exchangers shall incorporate straight tubes. All tubes shall be rolled into tubesheets and expanded into tube support sheets, and shall be individually replaceable.
2. The evaporator, absorber, and condenser waterboxes shall be designed for 150psig (1034kPa) working pressure. Evaporator waterboxes shall be nozzle-in-head type and absorber-condenser waterboxes shall be marine type. All waterboxes shall be provided with vent and drain connections. Epoxy painting of the waterboxes and tube sheets shall be provided for corrosion protection. All waterboxes shall be provided with vent and drain connections. GB raised face flanges shall be furnished on all waterbox nozzle connections.
3. The tube side of the 16JL generator shall be designed for 15psig (103kPa) working pressure for steam applications. For steam applications, a rupture disk shall be factory supplied on the machine. The tube side of the 16JLR generator shall be designed for 150psig (1034kPa) working pressure for standard; or 300psig (2068kPa) for option working pressure for low temperature hot water applications. All hot water generators shall be designed, constructed and stamped in accordance with GB requirements on the tube side.
4. A solution heat exchanger shall be an integral part of the machine to increase efficiency by
preheating weak solution on the tube side with strong solution on the shell side. Tube material for this heat exchanger shall be copper.
5. Spray heads for the evaporator, absorber shall be of a non-clogging design, specifically designed for the intended duty. Spray heads shall be fabricated of a corrosion-proof material to ensure continuous, high efficiency operation.
6. Heat exchanger tube material and minimum wall thickness shall be contingent on the type of corrosion inhibitor used in the machine. The following tube specifications shall apply to ensure long machine life and continuous operation:
Evaporator…………..….copper, externally fin tube Absorber………..copper, corrugated tube Condenser……..…………copper, corrugated tube
Generator 16JL…... CuNi, bare tube 16JLR... copper, externally turbo-chill tube D. Pump/Motors:
Refrigerant and solution pump/motors shall be self-contained, leakproof, hermetic type, without pump seals, isolation valves or external seal water system to minimize air leakage into the machine.
Each pump casing shall be welded into suction and discharge lines and factory installed and shall include spring-loaded, wear-compensating tapered carbon bearings. Lubrication and cooling shall be accomplished by the fluid being pumped;
auxiliary water piping for cooling and lubrication shall not be acceptable. Pump/motor assemblies shall be designed for a minimum 20,000 hours of normal operation between inspections. If
pump/motor assemblies are furnished with less than a design of 20,000 hours between
inspections, they must be provided with isolation valves and a bearing monitoring system to aid in diagnosing and performing on-going maintenance.
E. Purge System:
An automatic, motorless purge system shall be furnished to provide a continuous purging action whenever the chiller is in operation to assure long machine life and efficient performance.
Noncondensables shall be removed from the absorber by a liquid eductor, which shall use flow from the solution pump to create a suction.
Noncondensables shall be stored external to the unit and shall be prevented from diffusing back into the machine when the unit is not operating.
Evacuation of the external storage tank shall be accomplished by the use of a unit-mounted vacuum pump. The vacuum pump shall be factory mounted on the chiller and wired to the control center by the chiller manufacturer.
F. Controls, Safeties and Diagnostics:
1. Controls:
a The 16JL/JLR series chiller shall be provided with a factory installed and wired PD5 control system with individually replaceable modular component construction. The system shall include a PD5-BASE board, two PD-AUX boards and an NRCP-BASE board, power supply, temperature (thermistor) and pressure (transducer) sensors, and all necessary auxiliary devices required for proper operation.
The chiller operation system shall have the ability to interface and communicate directly to the building control system without the use of additional field-installed hardware or software.
Additional hardware will be necessary if the building control system is not a Carrier Comfort Network (CCN). The user interface is a touch screen. It is connected to the main basic board and gives access to a full array of control
Guide Specifications (cont)
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parameters. The PD5 shall be configurable to display either English or SI metric units.
b The default standard display screen shall simultaneously indicate the following minimum information:
• date and time of day
• primary system status message
• secondary system status message
• entering chilled water temperature
• leaving chilled water temperature
• evaporator refrigerant temperature
• entering absorber water temperature
• leaving absorber water temperature
• leaving condenser water temperature
• strong solution temperature leaving generator
• weak solution temperature leaving absorber
• steam condensate water temperature
• output signal to steam/hot water control valve
• The default screen shall be displayed if there is no manual activity at the control console for 15 minutes.
c PD5 Operation Button.
DESCRIPTION OF THE MAIN NAVIGATION AND OPERATION BUTTONS
Returns to the previous screen
Displays the default screen (“Group Display” screen)
Displays the main screen
Displays the next screen
Displays the previous screen
Accepts the current action
Rejects the current action
Cancels the current action
Removes the data in the value modification dialog box
Adds a point to one of the “Group Display” screens
Removes a point from one of the
“Group Display” screens
Reduces/increases the value
Displays the previous/following item
Displays the previous/following page
Forces a point
Cancels the forcing of a point
Displays the value modification dialog box for a point
Alarm indication light
Start/stop control button d Network Window Function:
Each Chiller LID (Local Interface Device) shall be capable of viewing multiple point values and statuses from other connected on a common network, including controller
maintenance data. The operator shall be able to alter the remote controller’s set points or time schedule and to force point values or statuses that are operator forcible. The LID shall also have access to the alarm history file of all like controllers connected on the network.
e Capacity control shall be by means of electronically modulating the steam/hot water control valve actuator to maintain the
temperature of the leaving chilled water. Load modulation shall be from 100% to 10% of machine full load under normal ARI conditions.
Guide Specifications (cont)
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The steam/hot water control valve shall be precisely positioned by a PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control algorithm to ensure precise control (± .5F [±.3C]) of desired chilled water temperature without hunting or
overshooting the set point.
f The PD5 control system shall include a programmed sequence to ensure machine readiness prior to machine start-up. The PD5 shall automatically activate and interlock the chilled water pump, cooling water pump, cooling tower fans upon chiller activation.
g Upon request to start the chiller, the control system shall start the chilled water pump and verify chilled water flow. The controller shall then compare the entering or leaving chilled water temperature with the chilled water set point. If the chilled water temperature is less than the chilled water set point, the control system shall enter the recycle mode until a cooling load has been established. Once a cooling load has been established the control system shall start the cooling water pump and verify flow, before starting tower fan(s), solution pump(s) and refrigerant pump. Once the refrigerant pump is started the control system shall initiate the ramp loading routine.
h The control system shall automatically sense impending abnormalities in the absorption operating cycle and take one or all of the following actions to either self-correct and/or limit the machine from approaching cycle crystallization line:
• inhibit steam/hot water control valve position until concentration drops below preset threshold*
• drive steam/hot water valve to closed position until concentration drops below preset
threshold. Message will be displayed: ‘‘run capacity limited, high concentration.’’
• initiate non-recycle shutdown of the chiller if safety shutdown threshold exceeded.
Message will be displayed: ‘‘shutdown in progress, dilution cycle.’’
i A user-configurable ramp loading rate, effective during the chilled water temperature pulldown period, shall control the rate of steam/hot water control valve opening to limit start-up steam/hot water demand. The controls shall allow
configuration of the ramp loading rate in degrees per minute of chilled water
temperature pulldown. During the ramp loading period, a message shall be displayed informing the operator that the chiller is operating in ramp loading mode.
j The control system shall automatically cycle the machine to minimize energy usage
whenever the leaving chilled water temperature is 3F (1.7C) below the desired chilled water set point. The chilled water pump shall remain on, and when the leaving chilled water temperature rises above the set point by a user-configured amount, the chiller shall automatically restart.
During the shutdown period, a message shall be displayed informing the operator a recycle restart is pending.
k The control center shall allow reset of the chilled water temperature set point based on any one of the following criteria:
• Chilled water reset based on a remote temperature (such as outdoor air).
• Chilled water reset based on water temperature rise across the evaporator.
When reset is active, a message shall be displayed indicating the type of reset in effect.
l The control center shall limit the opening of the steam/hot water control valve to 50% (user-configurable) open at start-up until the warm-up period has been completed and ramp loading is enabled.
m When the stop button is pressed, or remote contacts open the control center shall
immediately drive the steam/hot water control valve to the closed position and initiate the normal shut-down sequence including dilution cycle. The display shall indicate ‘‘dilution cycle shutdown’’
2. Safeties:
a Unit shall automatically shut down when any of the following conditions occur: (Each of these protective limits shall require manual reset and cause an alarm message to be displayed on the screen, informing the operator of the shutdown cause.)
• solution pump motor overload/high temperature
• refrigerant pump motor overload/high temperature
• low chilled water temperature
• low evaporator refrigerant temperature
• generator high solution temperature
• loss of evaporator water flow
• loss of cooling water flow (option) b The control system shall detect conditions
which approach protective limits and take self-corrective action prior to an alarm occurring.
The system shall automatically reduce chiller capacity when any of the following parameters are outside their normal operating range:
• low evaporator refrigerant temperature.
• generator high saturation temperature
• generator high solution temperature
• high solution concentration
During the capacity override period, a
pre-Guide Specifications (cont)
35
alarm (alert) message shall be displayed informing the operator which condition is causing the capacity override. Once the condition is again within acceptable limits, the override condition shall terminate and the chiller shall revert to normal chilled water control. If during condition the protective limit is reached, the chiller shall shut down, an alarm shall be generated, and a text message shall be displayed informing the operator which condition caused the shut down and alarm.
3. Diagnostics and Service:
a The control system shall execute a series of pre-start checks whenever a start command is received to determine if pressures,
temperatures, and timers are within pre-start limits, thereby allowing start-up to proceed. If any of the limits are exceeded a text alert message will be displayed informing the operator of the cause of the pre-start alert.
b The control system shall provide a manual test which permits selection and test of individual control components and inputs. The screen will show the actual reading of each transducer and each thermistor installed on the chiller.
A test shall automatically energize the refrigerant pump, solution pump, tower fan relay, alarm relay, chilled water and cooling water pumps and chiller run relay, and the control system shall confirm water flows have been established and require operator confirmation prior to proceeding to the next test.
A steam control valve test shall allow the operator to test the control valve travel range by manually increasing or decreasing valve travel limit. Upon completion of the steam/hot water control valve test the control valve shall revert to the closed position.
c All sensors shall have quick disconnects to allow replacement of the sensor without replacement of the entire sensor wire.
4. Building Control System Interface:
The chiller control system shall have the ability to interface and communicate directly to the building control system with the use of
additional field installed hardware and software.
The building control system and the absorption chiller must be supplied by the same
manufacturer. If different building control and chiller suppliers are chosen the chiller shall be supplied with a dataport module which shall translate the information in the chiller microprocessor to an ASCII stream of data which can be read by any manufacturer’s building management control system.
G. Electrical Requirements:
1. Power supply to the unit shall be 3-ph, 60/50Hz with voltages of 380v, 400v, 460v as specified on the equipment schedule. A multitap transformer shall provide 110 v single-phase secondary power for the control panel.
2. Contractor shall supply and install the electrical power line and all auxiliary electrical protection devices per local code requirements and as indicated necessary by the chiller manufacturer.
3. Contractor shall supply and install electrical wiring and devices required to interface the chiller controls with the building controls system if applicable.
H. Piping Requirements:
1. Piping and instrumentation for the chilled water, cooling water, steam/hot water supply and return piping shall be supplied and installed by the contractor/owner.
2. Absorber-condenser crossover piping shall be furnished by chiller manufacturer as specified on the equipment schedule.
3. Chilled water flow switch shall be factory supplied and factory installed in the evaporator water nozzle. Cooling water flow switch shall be field installed or factory installed if customer requires and supplied by either the chiller manufacturer or the contractor/owner.
4. Piping from the rupture disk shall be provided and installed by the contractor/owner and piped in accordance with the chiller manufacturer’s written instructions and any local jurisdictional
requirements.
I. Thermal Insulation:
Insulation of evaporator, refrigerant pump, sump, piping, and chilled water headers, in addition to any hot surfaces shall be field supplied and installed on the machine. Chiller manufacturer shall recommend the material and specify surface area to be insulated.
J. Sound Level:
The overall sound pressure level of the chiller shall not exceed 80dbA when measured per ARI Standard 575 (latest edition).
K. Start-up:
1. Unit manufacturer shall provide a factory-trained service representative, employed by carrier, to perform and/or supervise chiller pressure test (when required), charge chiller with refrigerant (water) and lithium bromide solution, place unit into operation, and calibrate all controls in accordance with the manufacturer’s written start-up, operating, and maintenance instructions.
2. After unit start-up has been performed, the same factory representative shall be available for a period of instruction not to exceed 4 hours to instruct the owner’s personnel in the proper
start-Guide Specifications (cont)
36
up, operating and maintenance procedures.
Manufacturer shall provide the following literature:
a Installation Operation and Maintenance Instructions
b Field Wiring Diagrams L. Options and Accessories:
1. High-Pressure Waterboxes:
Waterboxes rated for 300psig (2068kPa) working pressure with removable covers shall be furnished when specified on the equipment schedule.
2. Hot Water Generator:
A generator designed, built and stamped in accordance with GB requirements with a design working pressure of 150psig (1034kPa) for standard and 300psi (2068kPa) for option shall be furnished for hot water applications when
specified on the equipment schedule.
3. Special Tubing:
Tubing of non-standard materials shall be provided when specified on the equipment schedule.
4. Shipping Configuration:
Chiller shall ship in one piece as specified on the equipment schedule.
5. Flanged Nozzle Connections:
ANSI 150psig (1034kPa) R.F. (raised face) flanges shall be furnished on all waterbox nozzle connections when specified on the equipment
schedule.
6. Thermometer Set:
A package of 5 adjustable angle thermometers shall be factory supplied for field installation when specified on the equipment schedule. Each shall have a 9-in. scale with a working range of 0 to 120F (-18 to 49C) and shall be equipped with a 3/4 -in. NPT brass well.
7. Cooling Water Flow Switches:
Cooling water flow switches, rated for either for 150psig (1034kPa) or 300psig (2068kPa), shall be contractor/owner supplied for field installation when specified on the equipment schedule.
8. Steam (electric or pneumatic):
A steam valve shall be provided for 16JL chiller when specified on the equipment schedule.
9. Hot Water Valve (electric or pneumatic):
A hot water valve shall be provided for 16JLR chiller when specified on the equipment schedule.
10. Unit Voltage:
Unit shall be capable of operating on 3 phases, 50/60Hz, 380/400/460v, when specified on equipment schedule.
11. Isolation Package:
A vibration isolation package consisting of soleplates and neoprene isolation pads shall be furnished when specified on the equipment schedule.