Standards Inventory
49Identifying Standards for Federal Cloud Computing Adoption
Table 2.5 Cloud Computing—Related Standards
Name Organization Document Reference
(Publication Date)
Management Interface (CIMI) DMTF CIMI 1.0 (09/2012)d Guide for Cloud Portability and
Interoperability Profiles (CPIP) IEEE, Cloud Profiles WG
(CPWG) Working Group IEEE P2301 (Draft)e Job Submission Definition
Language OGF GFD-R.56: JSDL v1.0
(07/2008)f Open Cloud Computing
Interface (OCCI) OGF GFD.P-R.183: OCCI–Core
(06/2011)g Requirement of IdM in cloud
computing ITU-T Study Group 17,
Question 4 (SG17/Q4) XX.idmcc (Draft) (4/2011)l Standard for Intercloud
Interop-erability and Federation (SIIF) IEEE, Intercloud WG
(ICWG) Working Group IEEE P2302 (Draft)m
Usage Record (UR) OGF GFD-R. .098: Usage
Record (9/2006). 98.n
aCloud Data Management Interface Version 1.0. Available from: http://snia.org/sites/default/
files/CDMI_SNIA_Architecture_v1.0.pdf.
bCloud Data Management Interface Version 1.0.1. Available from: http://snia.org/sites/
default/files/CDMI_SNIA_Architecture_v1.0.1.pdf.
cCloud Data Management Interface Version 1.0.2. Available from: http://snia.org/sites/
default/files/CDMI/20v1.0.2.pdf.
dCloud Infrastructure Management Interface (CIMI) Model and RESTful HTTP-based Protocol. Available from: http://dmtf.org/sites/default/files/standards/documents/
DSP0263_1.0.0.pdf.
eGuide for Cloud Portability and Interoperability Profiles. Available from: http://standards.ieee.
org/develop/project/2301.html.
fJob Submissions Definition Language. Available from: http://www.gridforum.org/documents/
GFD.56.pdf.
gOpen Cloud Computing Interface—Core. Available from: http://www.ogf.org/documents/
GFD.183.pdf.
hOpen Cloud Computing Interface—Infrastructure. Available from: http://www.ogf.org/
documents/GFD.184.pdf.
iOpen Cloud Computing Interface—RESTful HTTP Rendering. Available from:
http://www.gridforum.org/documents/GFD.185.pdf.
jOpen Virtualization Format Specification. Available from: http://www.dmtf.org/sites/default/
files/standards/documents/DSP0243_1.1.0.pdf.
kInformation technology—Open Virtualization Format (OVF) specification. Available from:
http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue_detail.htm? csnumber=59388.
lRequirements of IdM in cloud computing. Available from: http://www.itu.int/md/T09-SG17-110411-TD-PLEN-1675.
mStandard for Intercloud Interoperability and Federation. Available from: http://standards.
ieee.org/develop/project/2302.html.
nUsage Record—Format Recommendation. Available from: http://www.gridforum.org/
documents/GFD.98.pdf.
50 CHAPTER 2 Cloud Computing Standards
SUMMARY
This chapter provided an overview of the standards activities and the importance of standards development to the adoption of cloud computing within the federal gov-ernment. By briefly reviewing the standards development process, we can begin to characterize standards supporting cloud computing and their maturity based on the evolutionary standards life cycle. We then discussed the federal legislative and policy drivers that address the federal government’s role in supporting standards activities and the drivers affecting cloud computing adoption. We concluded our discussion by looking at the NIST Conceptual Reference Model and how the reference architecture can be used to facilitate the identification of standards that would meet specific usage scenarios.
References
[1] National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). NIST Cloud Computing Standards Roadmap Working Group, Hogan H, Liu F, Sokol A, Tong J. NIST Special Publication (SP) 500-291, NIST cloud computing standards roadmap. Maryland:
National Institute of Standards and Technology; 2011.
[2] National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) [Internet]. Maryland: National Institute of Standards and Technology [cited August 15, 2011]. <http://standards.gov/nttaa.cfm>.
[3] Kundra V. Federal cloud computing strategy. Washington: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget; 2011.
[4] Mell P, Grance T. NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-145, The NIST definition of cloud computing. Maryland: National Institute of Standards and Technology; 2011.
[5] United States Standards Strategy Committee United States Standards Strategy. New York: American National Standards Institute; 2010.
[6] National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). NIST Standards acceleration to jumpstart adoption of cloud computing (SAJACC) [Internet]. Maryland: National Institute of Standards and Technology [cited August 22, 2011]. <http://www.nist.gov/itl/
cloud/sajacc.cfm>.
[7] DeVaux C. NIST Interagency Report (IR) IR 6802, A guide to documenting standards.
Maryland: National Institute of Standards and Technology; 2001.
[8] US House of Representatives Trade Agreements Act of 1979 [Internet]. Washington: US House of Representatives [cited August 23, 2011]. <http://uscode.house.gov/download/
pls/19C13.txt>.
[9] National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). NIST National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) [Internet]. Maryland: National Institute of Standards and Technology [cited August 24, 2011]. <http://standards.gov/nttaa.cfm>.
[10] Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Federal Participation in the Development and Use of Voluntary Consensus Standards and in Conformity Assessment Activities [Internet]. Washington: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget [cited August 25, 2011]. <http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/circulars_a119>.
51 References
[11] America Competes Reauthorization Act of 2010 [Internet]. Washington: US Government Printing Office [cited August 23, 2011]. <http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ358/html/PLAW-111publ358.htm>.
[12] Mell P, Grance T. NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-145, The NIST definition of cloud computing. Maryland: National Institute of Standards and Technology; 2011.
[13] Fang L, Tong J, Mao J, Bohn R, Messina J, Badger L et al. NIST Special Publication (SP) 500-292, NIST cloud computing standards roadmap. Maryland: National Institute of Standards and Technology; 2011.
[14] Federal CIO Council and Chief Acquisition Officers Council. Creating effective cloud computing contracts for the federal government. Washington: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget; 2012.
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Federal Cloud Computing.
© 2013 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-59-749737-4.00003-4 53
INFORMATION IN THIS CHAPTER:
• Introduction
• Open Source and the Federal Government
• OSS Adoption Challenges: Acquisition and Security
• OSS and Federal Cloud Computing
INTRODUCTION
There has been a continued growth in the use of open source software or OSS1 and cloud computing, both in the public and private sector. In this chapter, we will focus our discussion on the impact of OSS and the federal government’s adoption of cloud computing technologies. Both cloud computing and OSS2 individually offer poten-tial benefits for federal agencies to improve their efficiency, agility, and innovation, by enabling them to be more responsive to new or changing requirements in their missions. OSS improves the way the federal government develops and also distributes software and provides an opportunity to reduce costs through the reuse of existing source code, whereas cloud computing improves the utilization of resources and enables a faster service delivery. This chapter does not attempt to differentiate OSS from proprietary software, but instead focuses on highlighting the importance in the federal government’s experience with OSS in the adoption of cloud computing.3
1From Wennergren, D. Clarifying Guidance Regarding Open Source Software (OSS). Washington:
US Department of Defense; 2009. “Open software is software for which the human-readable source code is available for use, study, reuse, modification, enhancement, and redistribution by the users of that software.”
2Some examples include operating systems (Linux, Solaris), web/middlewares (Apache, JBoss Glass-fish), databases (MySQLP, PostgreSQL), applications (Firefox, Thunderbird), and programming lan-guages (Perl, Python, PHP).
3NASA Nebula Cloud Computing Platform. Available from: http://nebula.nasa.gov/.