Mr. Bhagirath Shamdas Pande (Pg. 29- 32)
Assistant Professor, SSR College of Education, Silvassa , U.T. of D.& N. H.
Active learning is very base of any educational system when we focused on student centered or child centered education. In this paper author try to focus on the various strategies which are result oriented and effectively useful to achieve the target of students participation in teaching learning process. This paper covers the strategies of active learning useful for individualistic and peer participation as well as participation of Students group in learning procedure.
Introduction:-
Active learning has numerous benefits because it keeps students engaged. In traditional lecture setting , it is easy for students to do the right thing (keep their eyes on the teacher ,take notes, etc.) all while daydreaming and not thinking critically about the material. In active learning , students are more control of the learning and , as the very name suggests , active and engaged with the material.
Active learning is beneficial because it shifts the emphasis on learning from the teacher to the student, students are constantly interacting with the material and making a personal connection to the content. In doing this , they quickly move from simple short-term retention to utilizing higher – order thinking skills. This helps them develop a stronger understanding of the material and apply it in real – world scenarios.
Basic elements of Active learning :-
Talking and Listening:-when students talk about a topic, whether answering a teacher‘s question or explaining a point to another student, they organize and reinforce what they‘ve learned. When they listen, we want to ensure that its meaningful listening , relating what they hear to what they already know.
Writing:-like talking and active listening , writing provides a means for students to process new information in their own words. It also appeals to individuals who prefer to learn independently.
Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies,
Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2016 = 6.17, www.srjis.com UGC Approved Sr. No.49366, MAR-APR 2018, VOL- 5/50
National Seminar on ACTIVE LEARNING - 2017 Page 30
Reading:- Students do a great deal of their learning through reading , but they often receive little instruction in how to read effectively. Active learning exercise such as summery and note checks can help them to process what they‘ve read and help them develop the ability to focus on important information.
Reflecting:- In the all too typical lecture class , the lecturer stops talking at the very end of the period . Students gather up their notes and books and run for their next class. One can almost see the knowledge evaporating from their brains.
Teacher can use various types of teaching learning strategies to help students actively participate and engage in the lesson and the classroom. Active learning strategies provide opportunity s for students to be actively engaged in the classroom would help student become active participants The lecturemethod can allow students to be a passive learner s and that this may not help them fully understand the content taught .we can discuss following some paired active strategies which will be helpful to integrating active learning into classroom by pedagogical practices.
Individualistic or peer Active learning strategies:-
Ice Breakers:-Those things that get people talking quickly and personally about their goals , fears and expectations for the session before them.
Student summaries:-During a class session , the instructor pauses and asks students to explain to a partner the central concept just presented .The activity can be altered in several ways.
Think pair share:-Have attendees turn to someone near them to summarize what they are learning , to answer a question posted during the discussion , or to consider how and why
ice Braker Student summaries Think pair share Write pair share Peer survey Reciprocal questioning
Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies,
Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2016 = 6.17, www.srjis.com UGC Approved Sr. No.49366, MAR-APR 2018, VOL- 5/50
National Seminar on ACTIVE LEARNING - 2017 Page 31
when they might be apply a concept to their own situations. Works well pre-planned questions and with ideas that emerge during workshop from a large group discussion.
Write pair share:-The format of this strategy is identical to the think pair share , except that students process the question asked of them by writing about it rather than reflecting. After a brief time to note their thought s each student turns to a partner to discuss.
Peer survey:-Each participant is given a grid that is to be filled in according to the needs of the group. Students/group members can be instructed to fill in the grids on their own or the can collect statements from peers and then share in small/large groups.
Reciprocal Questioning :-Facilitator provides questions stems, participants then develop specific questions from the given stems and provide answers students can work individually, with a partner ,or in a small group.
Other strategies of active learning for informal Groups
Problem based teaching:-Present a problem to the class/group. The problem needs to be based on an authentic situation that the participants could actually encounter. Partners or small groups must apply the presented information to address the problem. They may address the problem deductively or inductively.
Field based teaching :-Most of the school-based lerning has focused on that occurs in a classroom, laboratory and library or in a coputer room . but in earth science , ecology and environmental science , a different venue is important to teache and learn the concepts in actual field , this is known as field- based learning. In these discipline s working in the field