CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.5 Limitations
The limitations of this study included those aspects of research methodology that had to do with sampling and data collection. The following limitations were identified:
• The study involved only one programme, the four year comprehensive nursing diploma (R425), and had excluded the one year diploma students, the BA Curationis university students and the advanced psychiatry nursing students. • Other campuses (the northern region campuses of the KZNCN), who qualified
according to the inclusion criteria of this study were excluded from the study due to time, financial and geographical constraints.
• The use of a structured questionnaire limited the students from elaborating on responses which has probably resulted in a superficial view of the problem.
In spite of the above limitations, this study has provided important information regarding workplace violence in psychiatric settings and its impact on student nurses’ clinical learning.
5.6 CONCLUSION
A quantitative, descriptive exploratory study was conducted to investigate the experience of workplace violence directed towards student nurses during their psychiatry clinical placement. The study took place at Nursing Colleges in the province of KwaZulu-Natal and the population was the psychiatry student nurses who were registered for the four year comprehensive course (R425 program) at a college.
The overall conclusion is that student nurses are victims of violence in the workplace and they commonly encounter non-physical violence. The common perpetrators of violence towards student nurses are nurses, particularly enrolled nurses, assistant nurses, and professional nurses, followed by patients. Workplace violence has negative effects on emotions and the standard of patient care is jeopardized.
The nursing profession is facing a challenge of staff shortages and staff burnout, especially in psychiatric settings. To overcome such shortcomings, the nursing profession has to produce effective and capable nurses through effective training. This could be possible if factors that negatively affect nurse training, like workplace violence, can be eradicated through improved clinical learning and working environments.
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APPENDICES
Appendix A: Questionnaire
TITLE: Workplace violence experienced by student nurses during clinical placement in Psychiatric institutions of KwaZulu-Natal.
Researcher: Mvunelo, N. – 3167 566 2 QUESTIONNAIRE SECTION A. 1. Gender Female Male 2. Ethnicity
Black Coloured Indian White
3. Age in years
4. Period of psychiatric placement in months
SECTION B.
Data related to types of violence that may have been experienced by student nurse during his/her placement in Psychiatric units.
During your period of allocation in Psychiatric units have you experienced any of the following forms of abuse: Never Seldom (1-2 times) Frequently (3-4 times) Always (5 and more ) Non-verbal abuse
5. Raised eyebrow, rolling of eyes etc 6. Ignored or neglected.
7. Left alone in the unit
8. Other: please write down and make a tick in the appropriate box.
Verbal abuse
9. Insulted or sworn at. 10. Shouted or yelled at. 11. Ridiculed or humiliated. 12. Made to feel guilty. 13. Harshly judged/criticized.
14. Had a racist remark directed to you. 15. Threatened with physical violence.
work.
17. Denied learning opportunity. 18. Given unfair work allocation. 19. Not been treated as part of the team.
20. Other: please write down and make a tick in the appropriate box.
Physical abuse 21. Pushed or shoved 22. Kicked.
23. Slapped or punched. 24. Hit with something.
25.Had a gun or knife drawn at you 26. Had your arm twisted.
27. Had your hair pulled.
28. Had something of yours damaged.
29. Other: please write down and make a tick in