CHAPTER 6. PERFORMANCE TESTING RESULTS
6.3 Master Curves
The master curves provide an efficient way of comparing mixes based on the dynamic modulus over the entire range of testing temperatures and frequencies. The master curves were obtained from the average of the E* values and graphed using a sigmoidal function and regression techniques are used in order to find the best fit line. Five graphs are shown for each of the four field mixes. The five graphs compare the following for each field project:
Comparison of field-compacted samples
o HMA/WMA and Moisture-Conditioned/Non-Moisture-Conditioned
Comparison of lab-compacted samples
o HMA/WMA and Moisture-Conditioned/Non-Moisture-Conditioned
Comparison of lab- versus field-compacted HMA
o Lab/Field and Moisture-Conditioned/Non-Moisture-Conditioned
Comparison of lab- versus field-compacted WMA
o Lab/Field and Moisture-Conditioned/Non-Moisture-Conditioned
Comparison of all mixes
The left side of the master curve indicates high temperature behavior and the right side indicates low temperature behavior. A higher line is desirable toward the left side of the graph indicating a higher stiffness at higher temperatures which is indicative of better rutting resistance. The lower E* values are desirable toward the right side of the graph indicating a better resistance to thermal
cracking. The highest variability is observed on the left side of the graph indicating greater differences between mixes at higher temperatures.
Figure 6.1. Field Mix 1 comparison of field-compacted mixes
Figure 6.2. Field Mix 1 comparison of lab-compacted mixes
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Comparison of Field Mixes
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC Field Warm Mix MC Field Warm Mix NMC 1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Comparison of Lab Mixes
Lab Hot Mix MC
Lab Hot Mix NMC
Lab Warm Mix MC
Lab Warm Mix NMC
Figure 6.3. Field Mix 1 comparison of field-compacted HMA and laboratory-compacted HMA
Figure 6.4. Field Mix 1 comparison of laboratory-compacted WMA and field-compacted WMA 1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E* |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Field HMA vs. Lab HMA
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC
Lab Hot Mix MC
Lab Hot Mix NMC
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Field WMA vs. Lab WMA
Field Warm Mix MC
Field Warm Mix NMC
Lab Warm Mix MC
Figure 6.5. Field Mix 1 comparison of all mixes
Figure 6.6. Field Mix 2 comparison of field-compacted mixes
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Comparison of all Mixes
Field Hot Mix MC Field Hot Mix NMC Field Warm Mix MC Field Warm Mix NMC Lab Hot Mix MC Lab Hot Mix NMC Lab Warm Mix MC Lab Warm Mix NMC
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Field Hot Mix vs. Field Warm Mix
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC
Field Warm Mix MC Field Warm Mix NMC
Figure 6.7. Field Mix 2 comparison of laboratory-compacted mixes
Figure 6.8. Field Mix 2 comparison of laboratory-compacted and field-compacted HMA
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Lab Hot Mix vs. Lab Warm Mix
Lab Hot Mix MC
Lab Hot Mix NMC Lab Warm Mix MC Lab Warm Mix NMC 1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Field Hot Mix vs. Lab Hot Mix
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC
Lab Hot Mix MC
Figure 6.9. Field Mix 2 comparison of field-compacted and laboratory-compacted WMA
Figure 6.10. Field Mix 2 comparison of all mixes
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Field Warm Mix vs. Lab Warm Mix
Field Warm Mix MC
Field Warm Mix NMC
Lab Warm Mix MC
Lab Warm Mix NMC
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Comparison of All mixes
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC
Field Warm Mix MC
Field Warm Mix NMC
Lab Hot Mix MC
Lab Hot Mix NMC
Lab Warm Mix MC
Figure 6.11. Field Mix 3 comparison of field-compacted mixes
Figure 6.12. Field Mix 3 comparison of laboratory-compacted mixes
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Field HMA vs. Field WMA
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC Field Warm Mix MC Field Warm Mix NMC 1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Lab HMA vs. Lab WMA
Lab Hot Mix MC
Lab Hot Mix NMC
Lab Warm Mix MC
Figure 6.13. Field Mix 3 comparison of field-compacted and laboratory-compacted HMA
Figure 6.14. Field Mix 3 comparison of field-compacted and laboratory-compacted WMA
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Field HMA vs. Lab HMA
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC
Lab Hot Mix MC
Lab Hot Mix NMC
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
FIeld WMA vs. Lab WMA
Field Warm Mix MC
Field Warm Mix NMC
Lab Warm Mix MC
Figure 6.15. Field Mix 3 comparison of all mixes
Figure 6.16. Field Mix 4 comparison of field-compacted HMA and WMA
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Comparison of all mixes
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC
Field Warm Mix MC
Field Warm Mix NMC
Lab Hot Mix MC
Lab Hot Mix NMC
Lab Warm Mix MC
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Comparison of Field HMA and Field WMA
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC
Field Warm Mix MC
Field Warm Mix NMC
Figure 6.17. Field Mix 4 comparison of laboratory-compacted HMA and WMA
Figure 6.18. Field Mix 4 comparison of field-compacted and laboratory-compacted HMA
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Comparison of Lab HMA and Lab WMA
Lab Hot Mix MC
Lab Hot Mix NMC
Lab Warm Mix MC
Lab Warm Mix NMC
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Comparison of Field HMA vs. Lab HMA
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC
Lab Hot Mix MC
Figure 6.19. Field Mix 4 comparison of field-compacted and laboratory-compacted WMA
Figure 6.20. Field Mix 4 comparison of all mixes
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E* |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Comparison of Field WMA vs. Lab WMA
Field Warm Mix MC
Field Warm Mix NMC
Lab Warm Mix MC
Lab Warm Mix NMC
1.0.E+04 1.0.E+05 1.0.E+06 1.0.E+07 1.0.E+08
1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 1.E+07
|E * |, k P a Frequency, Hz
Comparison of All Mixes
Field Hot Mix MC
Field Hot Mix NMC
Field Warm Mix MC
Field Warm Mix NMC
Lab Hot Mix MC
Lab Hot Mix NMC
Lab Warm Mix MC