often as a means of vegetative re-production.
disassortative breeding. disapare-amiento de semejanza. Mating between individuals of dissimilar phenotype. See also assortative breeding.
disc. disco. Same as disk. An out-growth from the receptacle of a flower, beneath the carpels or sta-mens; also, the central part of a capitulum; also the portion of an apothecium that bears the asci and paraphyses.
disc flowers. flores del disco. The floret in the center of a daisy, as-ter or other Asas-teraceae flower is a disc flower. Asteraceae flowers are a combination of two kinds of flowers, the disc flower and the ray flower. Sometimes spelled disk.
disc floret. flósculo discoide. A regu-lar, tubular flower in the center of a capitulum when it contains two types of flowers.
discal. discal. Pertaining to a disc flower.
discifloral. discifloral. Flowers with an enlarged disk-like receptacle surrounding the ovary, usually dis-tinct from the calyx.
disciform. disciforme. In the shape of a disk (disc), round and flat.
disclimax. disclímax. In the mono-climax model of vegetation, the plant community that replaces the climax community following an environmental disturbance; simi-lar to plagioclimax and biotic cli-max.
discocarp. discocarpo. Apothecium.
discoid. discoide. Resembling a disc;
disciform; sometimes used to de-scribe a capitulum with no ray
flo-rets; also, said of an algal thallus which is one cell thick and closely applied to the substratum.
discolorous. discoloro. Changing in color; fading; not the same color throughout.
discontinuous distribution. distribuc-ión discontinuo. The occurrence of a species in one area, then in another area far from it, but not in any areas in between.
discontinuous variation. variación discontinuo. The rare occurrence of large differences between mem-bers of the same species; sport;
saltation.
discoplankton. discoplancton. Plank-ton in which the cells form thin disks.
discrete. discreto. Remaining separate.
discrimenant function. función dis-crimenante. A linear compound of a series of variates, obtained by maximizing the differences between the classes relative to the differ-ences between individuals in the classes, for the particular factor being measured.
disc-shaped. orbicular. Round and flat; orbicular.
discus. disco. The hymenium of an apothecium.
disease. enfermedad. Any change from the state of metabolism necessary for the normal development and functioning of any organism.
disepalous. disepalo. Having two se-pals.
disinfection. desinfección. The killing, rather than removal, of micro-ogrganism in water or soil where they might pose a threat to health, as water chlorination.
disjunct. disyunto. Disjoined; oc-curring in separate geographic areas.
disarticulating disjunct
117 disjunction. disyunción. The
sepa-ration of chromosomes at anaphase.
disjunctor. disyuntor. A small cell between two neighboring conidia in a chain. It disintegrates, thereby aiding in dispersion.
disk floret. flósculo discoide. flósculo disco. One of the two flowers (flo-rets) in the center portion (disk) of a composite head flower, the other being a ray flower.
disk. disco. discoide. The ring of woody fiber of certain trees, visible in a longitudinal section; also, the sur-face of a leaf or petal (as opposed to the leaf margin); also, the yel-low center of Asteraceae fyel-lowers;
also, an expanded receptacle, com-monly a nectary. Same as disc.
disk-like. discoide. Having the ap-pearance of a disk.
disome. disoma. Bivalent.
disomic. disomico. Relating to two homologous chromosomes or genes.
disomic inheritance. herencia disomico.
Arising from the determinate as-sociation of chromosomes in bivalents at meiosis.
disomy. disomia. The condition of having one extra chromosome that is homologous with a chromosome of the haploid set.
dispermic. dispérmico. Two-seeded.
dispermous. dispermo. Containing two seeds, especially fruits.
dispersal. dispersión. The tendency of organisms to move away from their birth or breeding site; also, the establishment of individuals in a new area. The opposite of philo-patry.
dispersal barrier. barrera dispersión.
An unfavorable habitat separating two areas of favorable habitat, as the separation by an ocean or desert.
disperse. dispersar. To scatter, es-pecially the scattering of seeds by wind, water, and animal consump-tion.
disphotic zone. zona disfótica. See aphotic zone.
dispireme. dispiema. The stage of telophase in which the spireme thread of each daughter nucleus has been formed.
disruptive selection. selección disrupt-iva. A selection that changes the frequency of alleles which leads to the fixation of alternative alleles in members of the population. After several generations, there are two divergent phenotypic extremes, within the population.
dissect. disecar. To cut apart a plant or cell tissue to examine.
dissected. disecado. Divided into many lobes or segments, as dissected leaves; divided deeply into narrow lobes.
disseminate. diseminar. To scatter.
dissemination. diseminación. The dis-persion or scattering of seedsor spores by wind, water, and animals.
disseminule. diseminulo. See dia-spore.
dissepiment. disepimento. A parti-tion that separates the cells of some fruits and seeds, as in a green pep-per (Pipep-per); a septum.
dissilient. disiliente. Bursting apart of a dry seed pod or capsule, as a dissilient pericarp.
dissimilation. desimilación. Respi-ration; also, see destructive metabo-lism.
dissociation. disociación. A muta-tion or saltamuta-tion.
distal. distal. Toward the tip, away from the center of an organ and the point of attachment.
disjunction distal
118 distant. distante. Describes parts that
are widely scattered or loosely ar-ranged and often irregular.
distended. hinchado. Swollen.
distichous. dístico. Arranged alter-nately in two vertical rows on op-posite sides of the axis, as distichous leaves.
distichous. dístico. In two ranks.
distinct. distinto. Separate; not united or fused to like parts—strictly ap-plied to members of one series.
distinctly. conspicuamente. marcad-amente. Without the union of like parts.
distribution. distribución. The occur-rence of a species as it relates geo-graphical considerations; also, dis-semination.
distribution area. área de distribución.
The geographic spread, range, or location of particular species.
disturbance. factor perturbador. An interruption in the pattern of veg-etative succession by human or non-human activity, such as fire, flood, or cultivation.
disulfide bond. enlace bisulfito. The linking of sulfur atoms of two dif-ferent amino acids in a protein.
dithecal. ditécica. Having two cavi-ties in the ovary or an anther with two loculi.
ditheous. diteo. Having two cavaties.
diurnal. diurno. Recurring or repeated every day, as flowers that open during the day and close in the evening or night, as the morning glory (Convolvulaceae).
divaricate. divaricado. Widely spread-ing or branchspread-ing at a wide angle, as from a stem.
divergence. divergencia. The genetic segregation and differentiation within a species, genus, family,
order, or higher to the extent that distinct new taxa result.
divergens. divergens. A Latin word that means, “separating”.
divergent. divergente. Moving in dif-ferent directions from the same point; an evolutionary tendency for plants coming from common an-cestors to evolve into different forms when living under different con-ditions; also, said of two or more organs which spread so that they are further apart at the top than the base.
divergent evolution. evolución diverg-ente. The appearance of different characteristics in plants closely re-lated by common ancestry.
diversity. diversidad. Refers to the number of types or varieties of taxa in the plant kingdom.
diversity index. índice de diversidad.
A mathematical description of the species diversity of a community;
an important means for compari-son of community structure and stability.
diverticulum (pl. diverticuli). divert-ículo. A pocket.
divided. dividido. partido. A leaf cut almost to the midrib or base, forming distinct parts.
division. división. A major classifi-cation of the plant kingdom, listed in increasing rank: Order, Class and Division; same as the older term Phylum; also, as in plant cell di-vision, the dividing of the cell into two or more cells, each having its own nucleus.
DNA. ADN. Desoxyribose nucleic acid.
dodeca-. dodeca-. A prefix that means,
“twelve”.
dolabrate. dolabriforme. malpigiáceo.
distant
dodeca-119