Model Two: Relationship Quality

In model two, I controlled for relationship satisfaction, which is associated with a 15.2% significant lower odds of not engaging in any sex as well as a 27.4% lower odds of only

engaging in masturbation relative to sex which includes PVI. After controlling for relationship satisfaction, age, gender, and education are all still significantly associated with whether or not people are engaging in sexual activity and whether or not it includes PVI.

In comparison to men, women have a 221.8% significant higher odds of not engaging in any sexual activity. The magnitudes of the association is similar to model one. Those who are older have a 12.0% significant higher odds of not engaging in any sexual activity, an 8.1% significant higher odds of only engaging in masturbation. Engaging in sex without PVI becomes significant. Relative to engaging in sex that includes PVI, older adults with increasing age have a 5.5% higher odds of engaging in sex that does not include PVI.

After controlling for relationship quality, the associations between educational attainment and whether or not people are engaging in sexual activity and whether or not it includes PVI remain significant with similar magnitudes. In comparison to those with a college degree, those with a high school diploma had a 61.7% significantly higher odds of not engaging in sexual activity. Older adults with less than a high school diploma had a 56.7% significantly higher odds of not engaging in any sexual activity. Furthermore, in comparison to those with a college degree, those with some college had a 47.2% significantly lower odds of engaging in sex that

does not include PVI. Older adults with a high school diploma had a 46.5% significantly lower odds of engaging in sex that does not include PVI. And those with less than a high school diploma had a 64.9% significantly lower odds of engaging in sex that does not include PVI relative to engaging in sexual activity that includes PVI.

Marital status remains significantly associated with whether or not people are engaging in sexual activity and whether or not it includes PVI after controlling for relationship satisfaction. In comparison to respondents who are married, those who are divorced or separated have a 168.2% significantly higher odds of not engaging in any sexual activity and a 221.5% significantly higher odds of only engaging in masturbation only relative to sex with PVI. Although the direction of the association remains the same, the magnitude of the association decreases. Respondents who are widowed or have never been married have a 584.8%

significantly higher odds of not engaging in any sexual activity, a 693.6% significantly higher odds of only engaging in masturbation, and a 391.8% significantly higher odds of engaging in sex that does not include PVI relative to engaging in sex that includes PVI. The magnitudes of the associations also decrease from model one to model two.

Partner health also remains significantly associated with whether or not people are engaging in sexual activity and whether or not it includes PVI after controlling for relationship satisfaction. In comparison to having a partner in excellent health, older adults that have a

partner in very good health have a 60.7% significantly lower odds of not engaging in any sex and a 68.5% significantly lower odds of engaging in masturbation only. Older adults that have a partner in good health have a 51.8% significantly lower odds of not engaging in any sex and a 55.8% lower odds of engaging in masturbation only in comparison to having a partner in excellent health. Also in comparison to having a partner in excellent health, older adults in poor

health have a 260.2% significantly higher odds of engaging in any sexual activity that does not include PVI relative to engaging in sex that includes PVI.

Self-rated health and functional status are both still significantly associated with engaging in sexual activity and whether or not it includes PVI. This association remains the same after controlling for relationship quality. In comparison to those with excellent self-rated health, older adults with very good self-rated health have a 106.2% significantly higher odds of not engaging in any sexual activity. In comparison to those with excellent self-rated health, older adults with good self-rated health have a 183.7% significantly greater odds of not engaging in any sexual activity, a 184.8% significantly higher odds of engaging in masturbation only, and a 134.4% significantly higher odds of engaging in sex that does not include PVI relative to sex with PVI. Also in comparison to those with excellent self-rated health, older adults with fair self-rated health have a 188.7% significantly higher odds of not engaging in any sexual activity and a 152.2% significantly higher odds of engaging in masturbation only relative to sex that includes PVI. In comparison to older adults who are in excellent self-rated health, those in poor self-rated health have a 475.8% significantly higher odds of not engaging in any sexual activity relative to sex which includes PVI. Having more difficulty with more activities of daily living is also still significantly associated with a 114.4% significantly higher odds of not engaging in any sexual activity and a 110.6% significantly higher odds of only engaging in masturbation relative to sex with PVI. After controlling for relationship quality, having more difficulty with more activities of daily living becomes significantly associated with engaging in sex that does not include PVI. Older adults who have more difficulty with activities of daily living have a 112.6% significantly higher odds of engaging sex that does not include PVI relative to those who engage in sex which includes PVI.