Asian Herbal Products: The Basis for Development of High-Quality Dietary
MODERN DIRECTIONS BASED ON AN ANCIENT AND LONG-LASTING LEGACY
TCM has a clinical history of over 4,000 years. Its founder, Shen Nung, authored the classical and longest surviving description of herbs Shen Nung Pen Ts’ao Ching. The 365 herbs of Shen Nung Pen Ts’ao Ching and many others are still in use today as part of the traditional Chinese healing Figure 2.24
N N O
X R1 R2
Indirubin (83): R1 = R2 = H, X = O
N,N'-Dimethylindirubin (84): R1 = R2 = CH3, X= O
N-Methylindirubin Oxime (85): R1 = H, R2 = CH3, X = N-OH DK3034_book.fm Page 58 Monday, December 20, 2004 9:26 AM
Asian Herbal Products 59
arts. Shen Nung and other herbalists realized that each herb can affect the human body to help or hinder the body’s pro-cesses. Herbs can strengthen and balance the system, tonify the organs, and optimize the flow and use of energy (Chi; Qi), making them ideal as dietary supplements; however, they can also treat acute illness. Relatively nontoxic herbal products are especially attractive for the following chronic health effects: antioxidant and antiaging activity, blood pressure-lowering effects, hypolipidemic action, blood sugar-pressure-lowering effect, antiallergic functions, and antiarthritis properties.
However, rigorous study will be necessary to prove efficacy and safety of these products. In this century, herbal products should continue to be excellent sources of new drugs. Although the research described above was based on the discovery and development of bioactive, pure, lead compounds, new drugs and dietary supplements can arise from three herbal-related sources:
1. Active pure compounds 2. Active fractions
3. Validated or improved effective and safe herbal for-mulations
CONCLUSIONS
Asian herbal products, which originate from TCM, use pro-cessed single or formulated herbal products as dietary sup-plements or prescriptions based upon unique TCM principles and herbal pharmacology to prevent, relieve, and cure many diseases. As recorded in both ancient and current literature, TCM has long been used for human disease prevention and treatment, and will undoubtedly provide a strong base for continued development of modern high-quality dietary supple-ments and modern medicines in the 21st century. As validated by modern scientific studies, including those in the author’s laboratory, single herbs contain numerous bioactive com-pounds. Highly efficient bioactivity-directed fractionation and isolation, characterization, analog synthesis and mechanistic studies are prerequisites for the development of these new
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60 Lee, Itokawa, and Kozuka
single active principles as clinical candidates for world-class new drug development. Herbal products are also being increas-ingly developed worldwide as dietary supplements in the 21st century. Bioactive lead compounds, active herbal fractions, and active TCM prescriptions will all be sources of new, effective, and safe world-class new medicines and dietary supplements.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This investigation is supported in part by grants CA-17625 and AI-33055 from the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, respectively, awarded to K. H. Lee.
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