MONITORING OF REINTEGRATION

After their return, regular contact should be maintained with victims for both security and monitoring purposes to ensure their effective reintegra-tion. Trained partner organizations working near the victim’s residence may be able to provide not only direct assistance to victims, but also to prepare and implement the reintegration plan and to conduct the reintegration as-sessment. Monitoring of the reintegration process is indispensable to be able to provide verifi able indicators related to the success of the reintegra-tion programme.

Monitoring reports should be completed for each victim assisted on a monthly basis during the fi rst three months of the reintegration-monitoring process. This should be followed by at least two additional three-month reports during the remaining reintegration-monitoring period. In addition to

104 104

the continuing review of the victim’s reintegration progress, the monitoring procedure should also seek to verify whether the victim or his or her family have been threatened and/or harassed. (See Sample Monitoring Report, Annex I of this chapter.)

The monitoring of victims for a period exceeding one year should be avoided (with the exception of minors), as this could add to the stigmatiza-tion and be counter-productive to the normalizastigmatiza-tion of the situastigmatiza-tion and the effective reintegration process. For minors, UNICEF recommends monitor-ing until the age of majority.¹⁷

Support groups

Victim support groups can be a very effective tool to support successful long-term reintegration. Not only do the members of the support group assist and support one another, they may also contact the service delivery organization when additional assistance is needed or problems are encountered.

3.2.7 EVALUATION

The service delivery organization should continuously review, evaluate and, where necessary, adjust its reintegration assistance and related proced-ures. The following evaluation methods may be useful:

Victim evaluation Self evaluation External evaluation Donor evaluation

Evaluation as part of the monitoring process of implementation of a Na-tional Action Plan

3.2.7.1 Victim evaluation

The reaction by benefi ciaries to the reintegration assistance provided can be a useful indication of the project’s strengths and weaknesses, and whether all the medical, psychological, fi nancial, social and legal needs are

105 105 actually met or whether any additional needs should be taken into

consid-eration in future projects.

Service delivery organizations may develop an evaluation form to be com-pleted anonymously (if possible) by each victim assisted. It should cover all stages of the reintegration process, such as the assistance received in the referring country, departure and arrival assistance, medical and psycho-logical assistance, reintegration grants, vocational programmes and train-ing, legal assistance and any other form of assistance, as appropriate.

3.2.7.2 Self-evaluation

Continuous self-evaluation will allow for in-country monitoring of the strengths and weaknesses of the current reintegration situation and add to the organization’s institutional knowledge of how best to plan and what to include in future reintegration efforts.

3.2.7.3 External evaluation

To achieve unbiased evaluation of its reintegration procedures, the service delivery organization could engage external agencies to evaluate and re-port on the strengths and weakness of its programmes and to offer recom-mendations for any necessary improvements.

Notes

1 Long-term reintegration assistance remains challenging. As there have been few in-depth evaluations of long-term reintegration programmes and long term follow-up of victims can be diffi cult as those victims assisted move on with their lives and lose touch with service providers, little is known about best practices for long-term reintegration. Therefore, this remains beyond the scope of this Handbook.

2 Committee on the Rights of the Child, General Comment No. 6, CRC/GC/2005/6, 1 September 2005, para. 25.

3 In the context of victims requesting return to their country of origin or to a third country, the term “referring organization” will refer to the organization which assists the victim in the country where s/he is initially identifi ed, arranges for

106 106

his or her travel and coordinates with an organization to assist him or her on arrival. The term “receiving organization” will refer to the organization which assists the victim on arrival and provides reintegration assistance or referral for such assistance.

4 Other relevant texts regarding unaccompanied minors: UNICEF (2006).

Guidelines for the Protection of Child Victims of Traffi cking, UNICEF: NY;

Statement of Good Practice, Third Edition, 2004, issued by the Separated Children in Europe Programme; European Union, Council Resolution of 26 June 1997 on unaccompanied minors who are nationals of third countries, and Guidelines for the Protection of the Rights of Children Victims of Traffi cking in Southeastern Europe, UNICEF, May 2003.

5 UNICEF (2006). Guidelines for the Protection of Child Victims of Traffi cking, UNICEF: NY, p. 25.

6 General Comment No. 31 [80], The Nature of the General Legal Obligation Imposed on States Parties to the Covenant, adopted on 29 March 2004 (2187th meeting), CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add.13.

7 Committee on the Rights of the Child General Comment No. 6, CRC/GC/2005/6,

1 September 2005, para. 27.

8 UNHCR Guidelines on International Protection on the application of Article 1A (2) of the 1951 Convention and/or 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees to victims of traffi cking or persons at risk of being traffi cked, HCR/GIP/06/07, 7 April 2006.

9 UNHCR Guidelines on International Protection on the application of Article 1A (2) of the 1951 Convention and/or 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees to Victims of Traffi cking or Persons at Risk of being Traffi cked, para.

28 and UNHCR, Resettlement Handbook, November 2004 edition, Chapter 4.1.

10 Libassi and Maluccio (1986) as sited in DuBois B. and Miley, K.K. (1996).

Social Work: An Empowering Profession. Allyn and Bacon: Needham Heights, Massachusetts, p. 215.

11 Volpicelli (2004). Understanding and Counteracting Traffi cking in Persons:

The Acts of the Seminar for Women Religious. International Organization for Migration: Rome, Italy.

12 Ibid.

13 DuBois B. and Miley, K.K. (1996). Social Work: An Empowering Profession. Allyn and Bacon: Needham Heights, Massachusetts.

14 Ibid.

15 Ibid.

16 Other reference texts relevant to unaccompanied minors: Statement of Good Practice, 2000, issued by the Separated Children in Europe Programme; Eu-ropean Union, Council Resolution of 26 June 1997 on unaccompanied minors who are third-country nationals and Guidelines for the Protection of the Rights of Children Victims of Traffi cking in Southeastern Europe, UNICEF, May 2003.

17 UNICEF (2006). Guidelines for the Protection of Child Victims of Traffi cking, UNICEF: NY, pp. 30-31.

107 107 Name of organization:

Section 1 : Personal data of victim Name:

1. For how long contacts were maintained with the victim?

2. The date of the last meeting:

3. Assistance options provided within the period:

• Consultations

• Got a job (facility, position)

• Unemployed

6. What problems had s/he encountered after returning home?

7. Is s/he harassed/threatened by a traffi cker?

• Yes

• No

8. If "yes", how? Whom has s/he approached for protection?

9. Was s/he contacted by law-enforcement bodies?

• Yes

• No