Th e Nested Styles work area is where you select character styles to include in a paragraph or paragraph style, establish how far the nested style or styles extend in that paragraph, and—in the case of multiple nested character styles—estab-lish in what order the character styles appear.
You can access the Nested Styles options in several ways. With your cursor in any paragraph of text, use the keyboard shortcut Command-Option-R/Ctrl-Alt-R to open the dedicated Drop Caps and Nested Styles dialog. Alternately,
FIGURE 2.1 Basic nesting at work in a dictionary definition. A bold, blue, sans-serif character style is applied through the colon, followed by an italic character style through InDesign dialog that has a pane of options on the left via some standard keyboard shortcuts. Press Command/
Ctrl-1 to access the first option in the pane, press Command/Ctrl-2 to access the second, and so on. To jump directly to Drop Caps and Nested Styles (the tenth option in the Para-graph Style Options dialog), press Command/Ctrl-0.
Unfortunately, anything that follows the tenth option in that list does not benefit from these shortcuts and must be clicked normally.
ADOBE INDESIGN CS4 STYLES How to Create Better, Faster Text and Layouts 41
you can either open the Paragraph panel (Command-Option-T/Ctrl-Alt-T) and choose Drop Caps and Nested Styles from the panel menu (FIGURE 2.2), or choose the same option from the context menu at the far right of the Control panel (in text mode).
Nested styles can be applied directly to any paragraph, but it’s better to build your nested styles into a new or existing paragraph style so that you can later capitalize on your eff orts and instantly apply a nested style as often as needed in your document. In the Paragraph Style Options (or New Paragraph Style) dialog, click Drop Caps and Nested Styles in the left pane (FIGURE 2.3).
FIGURE 2.2 Choose Drop Caps and Nested Styles from the Paragraph panel menu to access Nested Styles options.
FIGURE 2.3 The Drop Caps and Nested Styles area of the Paragraph Style Options dialog includes settings for Nested Styles along with Drop Caps and Nested Line Styles.
Below the Drop Cap options is the Nested Styles work area (FIGURE 2.4). When you edit an existing paragraph style that has no nested styles, the work area contains only the text “Click New Nested Style button to create a nested style.”
When you create a new paragraph style, the default settings of “[None] through 1 Words” are already set up in the Nested Styles work area. Th ese defaults amount to the same thing as not having any nested styles—no variation from the defaults of the paragraph style.
1.Click New
Th e Nested Styles work area is composed of the following option menus, fi elds, and buttons:
New Nested Style button. Click this button to begin nesting character styles within a paragraph or paragraph style, or if one or more nested styles already exist and you want to add another. Once clicked, the four options required to set up a nested style become active.
Character Style pull-down menu. Any character styles already present in your doc-ument are immediately available from this menu. In CS4, new character styles can be created without having to leave this dialog by using the New Character Style option at the bottom of the menu:
• Th e [None] option leaves the paragraph formatting unchanged, which is useful if your nested style occurs somewhere other than at the very be-ginning of your paragraph. None doesn’t mean “no formatting”; it simply means no variation from the paragraph’s normal appearance.
FIGURE 2.4 The various fields and menus available for nested styles in the Drop Caps and Nested Styles area.
ADOBE INDESIGN CS4 STYLES How to Create Better, Faster Text and Layouts 43
Unless more nesting will occur later in the same paragraph, there is no need to end each sequence of nested styles with [None]. Once all nesting instructions have been completed, the paragraph automatically returns to its default appearance.
• Th e [Repeat] option lets you set up a “formatting loop” for your nested styles that applies character styles in a certain sequence and then repeats that sequence (or a part of it) again and again through the remainder of the paragraph. See the section “Repeating Nested Styles in a Loop” later in this chapter for step-by-step instructions for repeating nested styles.
• Choose New Character Style to add a style that does not already exist in the document. Th e New Character Style dialog opens on top of the Paragraph Style Options dialog. If the Preview check box is selected and you choose New Character Style, preview will be disabled while the New Character Style dialog is active. Once the style is defi ned and you click OK, preview is automatically restored. Character styles built while in the Nested Styles work area are added to the document after the paragraph style is saved.
Through or up to pull-down. Nested styles have a fi xed range of either through or up to a specifi c character called a delimiter. Delimiters trigger the change to the next style. Th e through or up to option determines whether the nested charac-ter style includes the delimicharac-ter characcharac-ter (through) or stops just short of it (up to). For example, a bold style applied through one em dash will also make the em dash bold, but if up to is chosen, the bold style is not applied to that em dash (FIGURE 2.5).
SURVEY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN — Surveys visual communication from its earliest forms to its present visualized conceptions. Emphasizes links between society and the development of advertising art. Analyzes and compares major stylistic trends and influences.
SURVEY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN — Surveys visual communication from its earliest forms to its present visualized conceptions. Emphasizes links between society and the development of advertising art. Analyzes and compares major stylistic trends and influences.
Number of instances fi eld. Th e number (1 or more) in this fi eld establishes how many instances of the delimiter must occur before the style change is invoked (through 2 sentences, for example). Change this number by typing or using the up or down arrow keys with your cursor in the fi eld.
Delimiter fi eld and menu. Delimiters complete the instructions for each nested style by specifying what single character either triggers a switch to another nested style or returns to the paragraph’s default formatting.
FIGURE 2.5 The paragraph on the left uses an all caps blue style through one em dash, resulting in a blue em dash. The paragraph on the right applies the style up to one em dash, so the dash does not have the nested style applied.
Any character can be a delimiter, and preset options like sentences, words, and some marker characters are available from the menu at the end of each nested style instruction. Th ere are, of course, many other characters you might want to use as a delimiter. If the particular option you need is not available in the delimiter menu, you can type it into the delimiter fi eld. For example, if you have a run-in heading in your paragraph that should use a nested style through one colon, simply type a colon in the delimiter fi eld. If, however, the delimiter char-acter you want cannot actually be entered in a dialog (a tab or soft return, for example), you can use its metacharacter equivalent (a code that represents the character or symbol). For a tab, that metacharacter would be ^ t. See Chapter 3,
“Automatic Styling with GREP,” for more on using metacharacters.
Delete. Select any nested style from the list and delete it using this button. Only the selected use of the style is removed from the nesting instruction. Th e styles are not deleted from the document, even if they were created from this dialog with the New Character Style option.
Reordering arrows. Multiple character styles can be nested within any paragraph style, and the top-to-bottom order in which they appear in the Nested Style settings is the left-to-right order in which they’ll appear in the paragraph. To change the order of the nested styles, select any style in the sequence and click either the up or down arrow as often as necessary to move the style to the ap-propriate position.