28Network Basic Input Output

Operating System (NETBIOS)

An IBM and compatible network programming interface.

Network A collection of computers and related devices connected so that communication can occur.

Network Address In TCP/IP networks, this refers to the IP Address of a node. Network File System (NFS) Sun MicroSystems protocols that permit clients to mount

remote directories onto their own local file system, thus appearing to be local.

Network Interface Card (NIC) A generic reference to a networking interface card.

Node Refers to different types of networking devices.

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)

A set of ISO standards relating to data communications.

Packet In TCP/IP networks, this refers to the data passing between the internet layer and the data link layer. A packet includes the IP header, TCP header, and data.

Pathname The complete string of information that must be entered into a system in order to access or identify a file.

Packet InterNet Groper (PING) A program used with TCP/IP networks. The PING program provides a way of testing access to a destination by sending an ICMP echo request, then waiting for a response from the target host.

Point to Point Protocol (PPP) A protocol that has the ability to provide host to network and router to router connections over synchronous and asynchronous lines.

Port In TCP/IP, a number used to identify applications. In general, a port is referred to as an entry or exit point. Ports are associated with TCP or UDP transport protocols. Protocol A set of rules governing the method of operation.

Protocol Conversion Changing one type of protocol to another type of protocol. Repeater A network device that repeats signals so the length of a

network can be extended.

Routing The process of determining which path is to be used for data transmission.

Routing Table A list of valid paths through which data can be transmitted. RS-232-C A physical layer specification for connecting devices.

Segment A protocol data unit that consists of TCP header information and optional data.

Parts of a network; typically Ethernet LANs are divided into parts, generally referred to as segments.

Server An application that answers requests from clients. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

(SMTP)

In TCP/IP, an application including a client and a server providing E-Mail services for all hosts with TCP/IP software installed and enabled.

Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP)

A protocol used to utilize Internet protocol over serial lines, such as a switched telephone line.

Socket In TCP/IP, a socket is an addressable point that consists of the IP Address and the TCP or UDP port number. It provides access to TCP/IP protocols.

Socket Address The complete designation of a TCP/IP node. It consists of a 32-bit IP Address and a 16 bit port number.

Subnet The part of a TCP/IP network identified by a portion of the internet address.

Subnet Address The part of the IP Address that identifies the subnetwork. Subnet Mask A way of isolating broadcasts to the desired network(s). System Administrator The person responsible for maintaining the ScaleMaster

system. See Network Administrator.

Telnet A TCP/IP application using TCP as a transport mechanism. It consists of a client and a server. All TCP/IP protocol suites have this application because it is part of the definition of TCP/IP.

TCP Transmission Control Protocol. A transport layer protocol that is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite. TCP provides a reliable stream mechanism performing re-transmission when a positive acknowledgment is not returned to the source from the destination node.

TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. TCP/IP is an upper layer networking protocol. It is client/server based at the application layer.

10Base2 A reference to the cabling used in an Ethernet network. It literally means 10Megabits per second, using baseband signaling, with a continuous cable segment length of 100 meters and a maximum of 2 segments.

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10Base5 A reference to the cabling used in an Ethernet network. It literally means 10Megabits per second, using baseband signaling, with 5 continuous segments, not exceeding 100 meters per segment.

10BaseT A reference to the cabling used in an Ethernet network. Meaning 10Megabits per second, using baseband signaling, and twisted pair cabling.

Throughput The amount of data that can be successfully moved across a medium or processed within a certain time period.

Token Ring A lower layer networking protocol using a token passing method controlling data traffic. It is connection oriented at a data link level.

Topology The configuration of network devices. Examples include: BUS, Star, Ring, Dual Ring, etc.

Traffic A generic term used to describe the amount of data on a network backbone at a given period in time.

Transceiver A network device required in baseband networks. It takes a digital signal and puts it on the analog baseband medium. Transceivers are devices that also sense collisions.

User Data Protocol (UDP) A transport layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. Unlike TCP it does not provide re-transmission.

Virtual Appearing to exist, but in reality the appearance is achieved by functions or processes.

Well Known Port In TCP/IP, an address for an expressed purpose generally agreed upon by TCP/IP users.