JAR-OPS 1.175 - General Rules for Air Operator Certification
a. An operator cannot operate an aeroplane for the purpose of commercial air transportation except in accordance with the terms and conditions of an Air Operator Certificate (AOC).
b. An applicant for an AOC must allow the Authority to examine all safety aspects of the proposed operation.
c. An applicant for an AOC must:
i. Not hold an AOC issued by another Authority unless specifically approved by the Authorities concerned;
ii. Have his principal place of business located in the State responsible for issuing the AOC.
iii. Have registered the aeroplanes which are to be operated under the AOC in the State responsible for issuing the AOC; and
iv. Satisfy the Authority that he is able to conduct safe operations.
d. With the mutual agreement of the Authority issuing the AOC and another Authority, aeroplanes registered on the national register of the second-named Authority may be operated.
e. The operator must allow the Authority access to his organisation and to ensure compliance with JAR-OPS.
f. An AOC will be varied, suspended or revoked if the Authority is no longer satisfied that the operator can maintain safe operations.
g. The operator must have:
1. A management organisation capable of exercising operational control and supervision over any flight operated under the terms of its AOC.
2. Nominated an accountable manager, acceptable to the Authority, who has corporate authority for ensuring that all operations and maintenance activities can be financed and carried out to the standard required by the Authority.
3. Nominated post holders, acceptable to the Authority, who are responsible for:
i. Flight operations;
ii. The maintenance system;
iii. Crew training; and iv. Ground operations.
4. A person may hold more than one nominated post when this is acceptable to the authority. Where 21 or more staff are employed then 2 people must be employed to cover the 4 posts.
5. Ensured that every flight is conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Operations Manual.
6. Arranged appropriate ground handling facilities to ensure the safe handling of its flights.
7. Ensure that its aeroplanes are equipped and its crews are qualified, as required for the area and type of operation.
8. Complied with the maintenance requirements, in accordance with Subpart M, for all aeroplanes operated under the terms of its AOC.
9. Provided the Authority with a copy of the Operations Manual and all amendments or revisions to it.
10. Maintained operational support facilities at the main operating base, appropriate for the area and type of operation.
Contents of the AOC
The AOC contains the following information:
1. The name and location of the operator 2. The date of issue and the validity period
3. A description of the type of operations authorised 4. The types of aeroplane authorised for use 5. The registrations of all authorised aeroplanes 6. The authorised areas of operation
7. Any special limitations
8. Special authorisations such as:
i. CAT II or CAT III operations with approved minima ii. MNPS
iii. ETOPS iv. RNAV v. RVSM
vi. Carriage of dangerous goods
JAR-OPS 1.180 - Issue, Variation and Continued Validity of an AOC
a. An operator will not be granted an AOC unless:
i. Aeroplanes operated have a Certificate of Airworthiness issued in accordance with ICAO Annex 8 by a JAA Member State. Certificates of Airworthiness issued by a JAA Member State other than the State responsible for issuing the AOC, will be accepted without further showing when issued in accordance with JAR-21;
ii. The maintenance system has been approved, and
iii. The Authority is satisfied that the Operator has the ability to:
(a) Establish and maintain an adequate organisation;
(b) Establish and maintain a quality system in accordance with JAR-OPS;
(c) Comply with required training programmes;
(d) Comply with maintenance requirements, consistent with the nature and extent of the operations specified
b. The operator must notify the Authority as soon as practicable of any changes to the information submitted.
c. If the Authority is not satisfied that the requirements have been met, they may require the conduct of one or more demonstration flights, operated as if they were commercial air transport flights.
JAR-OPS 1.195 - Operational Control and Supervision
The operator is responsible for operational control and establishing and maintaining a method of supervision of flight operations approved by the Authority.
JAR-OPS 1.200 - Operations Manual
The operator provides an Operations Manual for the use and guidance of operations personnel.
JAR-OPS 1.205 - Competence of Operations Personnel
The operator ensures that all personnel are properly instructed, have demonstrated their abilities in their particular duties and are aware of their responsibilities and the relationship of
JAR-OPS 1.210 - Establishment of Procedures
a. An operator establishes:
i. Procedures and instructions, for each aeroplane type, containing ground staff and crew members' duties both on the ground and in flight.
ii. Establishes a check-list system to be used by crew members for all phases of operation of the aeroplane under normal, abnormal and emergency conditions as applicable, to ensure that the operating procedures in the Operations Manual are followed.
b. The operator cannot make a crew member perform any activity during critical phases of the flight other than those required for the safe operation of the aeroplane. The critical phases of flight are:
¾ Take-off run
¾ Take-off flight path
¾ Final approach
¾ Landing including the landing roll
¾ Any other phase at the discretion of the commander
The critical phases of flight are deemed as:
¾ Take-off run
¾ Take-off flight path
¾ Final approach
¾ Landing and landing roll
¾ Other phases of flight at the discretion of the commander
JAR-OPS 1.215 - Use of Air Traffic Services
The operator is to ensure that Air Traffic Services are used for all flights whenever available.
JAR-OPS 1.230 - Instrument Departure and Approach Procedures
a. The operator ensures that instrument departure and approach procedures established by the State in which the aerodrome is located are used.
b. A commander may accept an ATC clearance to deviate from a published departure or arrival route, provided obstacle clearance criteria are observed and full account is taken of the operating conditions. The final approach must be flown visually or in accordance with the established instrument approach procedure.
c. Different procedures to those required to be used may only be implemented by an operator provided they have been approved by the State in which the aerodrome is located, if required, and accepted by the Authority.
JAR-OPS 1.260 - Persons With Reduced Mobility (PRMs)
PRMs are not to be allocated or occupy seats where their presence could:
¾ Impede the crew in their duties
¾ Obstruct access to emergency equipment
¾ Impede the emergency evacuation of the aeroplane
The commander must always be notified when PRMs are on board.
JAR-OPS 1.265 - Carriage of Inadmissible Passengers, Deportees or Persons in Custody
An operator establishes procedures for the transportation of inadmissible passengers, deportees or persons in custody to ensure the safety of the aeroplane and its occupants. The commander must be notified when the above-mentioned persons are to be carried on board.
JAR-OPS 1.270 - Stowage of Baggage and Cargo
a. The operator establishes procedures to ensure that:
i. The hand baggage taken into the passenger cabin can be adequately and
securely stowed.
ii. All baggage and cargo on board, which might cause injury or damage, or obstruct aisles and exits if displaced, is placed in stowages designed to
prevent movement.
JAR-OPS 1.280 - Passenger Seating
The operator establishes procedures to ensure that passengers are seated where, if an emergency evacuation is required, they may best assist and not hinder evacuation from the aeroplane.
JAR-OPS 1.280 - Passenger Briefing
Passengers are given a verbal briefing about safety matters. An audio/visual presentation may be used to give the briefing. In addition, a safety briefing card on which picture type
Before Take-Off Passengers are briefed on the following information:
¾ Smoking regulations
¾ Back of the seat in the upright position and tray table stowed
¾ Location of emergency exits
¾ Location and use of floor markings
¾ Stowage of hand baggage
¾ Restrictions on the use of portable electronic devices
¾ The location and contents of the safety card
A demonstration of the following is given:
¾ The use of safety belts/harnesses
¾ The location and use of oxygen equipment
¾ The location and use of life jackets
After Take-Off Passengers are reminded of the following:
¾ Smoking regulations
¾ Use of safety belts/harnesses
Before Landing Passengers are reminded of:
¾ Smoking regulations
¾ Use of safety belts/harnesses
¾ Back of the seat in the upright position and tray table stowed
¾ Re-stowage of hand baggage
¾ Restrictions on the use of portable electronic devices
After Landing Passengers are reminded of:
¾ Smoking regulations
¾ Use of safety belts/harnesses
JAR-OPS 1.320 - Seats, Safety Belts and Harnesses Crewmembers
Each crewmember has to be properly secured by all safety belts and harnesses:
¾ During take-off and landing
¾ During taxying
¾ When deemed necessary by the commander in the interests of safety
In other phases of flight each flight crewmember shall keep the safety belt fastened whilst at their station.
Passengers
The commander ensures that each passenger occupies a seat with the safety belt or harness fastened:
¾ During take-off and landing
¾ During taxying
¾ When deemed necessary by the commander in the interests of safety
Multiple occupancy of seats is not allowed. Except in the case of adult and infant where a loop belt is used to secure the infant.
IEM-OPS 1.280 - Passenger Seating
The following are people who should not be allocated seats which permit direct access to emergency exits:
¾ People suffering from obvious physical or mental handicap to the extent that they would have difficulty in moving quickly if asked to do so
¾ Blind or substantially deaf persons to the extent that they may not be able to readily assimilate printed or verbal instructions
¾ Passengers who because of age or sickness are too frail to move quickly
¾ Obese passengers who have difficulty in moving quickly
¾ Children and infants
¾ Deportees or prisoners in custody
¾ Passengers with animals
JAR-OPS 1.325 - Securing of Passenger Cabin and Galley(s)
a. An operator establishes procedures to ensure that before taxying, take-off and landing all exits and escape paths are unobstructed.
b. The commander ensures that before take-off and landing, and whenever deemed necessary in the interest of safety, all equipment and baggage is properly secured.
JAR-OPS 1.335 - Smoking on Board
The commander ensures that no person smokes:
¾ Whenever deemed necessary in the interests of safety
¾ While the aircraft is on the ground unless specifically permitted in accordance with procedures defined in the Operations Manual
¾ Outside designated smoking areas, in the aisle(s) and in the toilet(s)
¾ In cargo compartments and/or other areas where cargo is carried which is not stored in flame resistant containers or covered by flame resistant canvas
¾ In those areas of the cabin where oxygen is being supplied