By Math
Roll up your sleeves, sharpen your pencils, get plenty of paper, and get your calculator if you have one. In tins chapter you will learn how to construct an accurate natal chart step by step, doing the calculations yourself, I he same way the computer does it.
If you really do not want to learn how to create a natal chart, that is O K . Most of you won't want to, preferring in
stead computerized charts or eyeballing. In this case, I rec
ommend that you at least read this chapter without actu
ally doing the steps because you will gain an awareness of all the factors involved. In addition, there are some terms used that are not mentioned elsewhere in this book and it would benefit you to at least be familiar with the terms.
Of course, if you want to become a real pro or a top notch amateur, you should definitely take the time to learn the method of chart calculation in this chapter.
The method in this chapter is the one I used for many years in my pre-computer days. It is just as accurate as the i omputer—just slower—much slower.
I've gained two advantages from knowing how to i onstruct a chart step by step. First, I am able to eyeball a
135
chart faster and more accurately because my mind can ap
proximate the adjustments that must be made. Second, when I make an error in entering data into the computer, or when I read any chart that contains a significant error, it is immediately apparent to me because I know approxi
mately what the chart should look like.
Here are two example of some of the many errors 1 have encountered.
Case #1: A woman I knew quite well hired me to do her chart and give her an analysis. She gave me her birth information. The moment I glanced at the chart, I knew she had given me incorrect information because the chart was nothing like the person I knew she really was. She in
sisted, "1 copied the information from my birth certifi
cate!" I asked to see the birth certificate. It read 12:05 pm;
she had written 12:05 am. Twelve hours difference is tre
mendous. Even the short time between the birth of identi
cal twins makes a difference.
From Case #1, learn to be careful, detail conscious, and double check everything. Probably 90 percent of the errors I encounter are due to erroneous birth information.
Case #2: A woman, whom I did not know, wrote and asked me to do a chart and analysis and mail it to her. I did a computerized chart.
She replied to tell me that 1 was a lousy astrologer.
Her proof was a photocopy of a hand created chart done
"by a world famous astrologer." She mentioned his name, which I promptly forgot because I'd never heard of him.
This hand drawn chart had two significant errora that were apparent at a glance. First, it had Venus trine the Sun, which is absolutely impossible! The Sun and Venus are never separated by more than 48 degrees. Second, it had Pluto in Gemini, which meant she had to have been born sometime prior to May 26,1914 because that is the
last day that Pluto was in Gemini in the past several hun
dred years. Yet she gave her birthdate as being in 1927.
I wrote to tell her this only to receive a scathing re
sponse that I was not competent.
Astrology certainly brings interesting experiences.
Now let's proceed with erecting a natal chart. We will use the ephemeris page shown in figure 3, a Tables of Houses, a logarithm chart (which I will call a "log" chart from now on), a blank horoscope chart, a table of geo
graphical coordinates, and a book of time changes. 1 will discuss each of these items in sufficient detail for you to use them.
Before we begin the actual calculation, lets examine some of the factors required for the calculation.
Tables of Houses
A Tables of Houses is a book that contains 360 charts, one for each degree of the horoscope wheel. Each chart contains the data necessary to calculate the degrees and signs on each house cusp for a given birth time and place.
I 'igure 10 contains simulations of the two charts required to calculate the house cusps we are going to use in the ex
ample we will work in a few moments.
Keep in mind that a complete Tables of Houses has MO charts, each one different from the others. In figure 10, I have just included enough information to give you an Idea of what each table looks approximately like. In an ac
tual Table of Houses book, there would be a listing of all 60 degrees north latitude. I've just included a few of them for Illustration.
Most Tables of Houses books contain additional valuable information such as geographical coordinates fur major cites of the world and time zone tables.
238 / Astrology for Beginners
77ie Original Way—By Math / 239
Geographical Coordinates
Geographical coordinates define the exact point on earth where a birth takes place. The coordinates are ex
pressed in degrees and minutes of latitude and longitude.
The coordinates are needed whenever you create an accu
rate natal chart, whether by hand calculation or by com
puter. The only way a computer knows how to create a chart is for you to key in the geographical coordinates as well as the date and time of birth.
A simulated mini-sample of a typical listing of coor
dinates found in most tables of houses books is as follows:
Longitudes and Latitudes of Major Cities Thousand O a k s , C A 118W50 34N10 7:55:20 Titusville, F L 80W49 28N37 5:23:16 Toledo, O H 83W33 41N39 5:34:12 Topeka,KS 95W40 39N03 6:22:40 Torrance, C A 118W19 33N50 7:53:16 The Toledo, Ohio listing above is in bold face because I hat is the one we will use in the chart we will construct.
The 83W33 indicates 83 degrees and 33 minutes west of zero longitude, which runs through Greenwich, Eng
land.
The 4IN39 indicates 41 degrees and 39 minutes north of the equator. The 5:34:12 is longitude time in degrees, minutes and seconds. It can also be written as 5:34' 12,"
where' = minutes and "= seconds. Some books do not give Ihe longitude time, so it must be calculated. Figure 11 nhows how to calculate longitude time if you should ever need to.
There will be many times when you need to calculate a chart for a birthplace that is not a major city and will not he listed in a convenient table. Villages and rural areas, for example.
Figure 11. Longitude Time
Rule: Each degree of longitude is equal to 4 minutes of clock time.
Longitude for Toledo, Ohio is 83 W 33.
Step 1 83 degrees X 4 minutes 332 minutes
Step 2 5 hours 60 [332
2QQ
32 minutes
Step 3 33 minutes y 4 seconds—
132 seconds
(Each minute of longitude must equal 4 seconds of Step 4 2 minutes clock time.)
60 [132 12Q
12 seconds
Step 5 Add the results of steps 2 and 4 together.
5 hours 32 minutes
+ ? minutes 12 seconds 5 hours 34 minutes 12 seconds This is the total Toledo longitude time.
Compare this result with the listing of coordinates in the Longi
tudes and Latitudes of Major Cities chart and you will see that they are identical.
In these cases you need to figure out the geographical coordinates using a map (world atlas or road map). Most maps have latitude and longitude marks at intervals around the periphery of the map. These arc usually printed in very small letters; I've seen them in black, red, and blue ink. Most commonly they will mark off every four degrees of latitude and longitude. What you need to do is find the birthplace on the map as closely as you can and then interpolate the coordinates using the ones marked on the map as a guide.
This is quite simple. For example, suppose one lati
tude mark is 34 degrees and the next one is 38 degrees and your birthplace lies three-fourths of the way past 34 to
ward the 38 degree mark. Use a ruler to measure. The birthplace would be three-fourths of 4 (the distance be
tween marks) past 34. Three-fourths of 4 is 3. So add 3 to 34 and the birthplace is at 37 degrees N latitude. Do the same kind of measurement for the longitude, and then you have the geographical coordinates.
A Tables of Houses is a must for doing hand calcula
tions. You can get one at the library or purchase one. 1 rec
ommend purchase because they are not expensive and you will use them constantly.
Logarithm Chart
Figure 12 is a log table. It is a mathematical table that Is used for hundreds of mathematical calculations, not just lor astrology exclusively.
In astrology, the chart is used to calculate the exact position of each planet with respect to the place of birth.
Do not let the impressive appearance of the table in
timidate you. It is quite simple to use. You simply look up numbers. Shortly, I will give you a step by step example.
142 /Astrology for Beginners
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