CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Overarching Conclusions
Y DESPROPORCIONALIDAD,
1945-1996 Y 1971-1996
Tal como se explicó en el capítulo 5, los partidos estrechamente aliados de tres democracias (Alemania, Australia y Bélgica) y los par tidos divididos de cinco democracias (Colombia, Estados Unidos, India, Italia y Japón) se cuentan como un partido y medio. Sin embar go, para aquellos lectores que prefieran aceptar la definición de «par tidos» que ofrecen los propios partidos — lo que com porta que los partidos estrechamente aliados se cuenten como dos partidos y los di vididos como uno— , los valores correspondientes a los ocho países con las tres variables pertinentes (para los períodos 1945-1996 y 1971-1996) se hallan seguidamente relacionados:
N ú m e ro efectivo de partid os parla m en ta rios G abinetes ganadores m ín im o s de u n so lo p a rtid o ( % ) ín d ic e de d esp rop orcion a lid a d ( % )
45-96 71-96 45-96 71-96 45-96 71-96 A U L 2,50 2,44 63,8 70,8 8,94 10,05 B E L 5,05 6,83 33,7 23,9 3,24 2,99 G E R 3,23 3,12 31,3 42,5 2,46 1,46 C O L 2,22 2,45 57,1 60,6 11,34 9,71 IN D 3,34 3,34 71,7 71,7 12,37 12,37 IT A 4,16 4,60 16,0 13,1 3,49 4,00 JPN 3,08 3,04 64,3 51,0 5,30 5,68 US 1,93 1,91 86,6 83,8 15,55 16,32
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