Abstract
Referring to the concept of Zygmunt Bauman today we live in a world of liquid modernity. At its base lies the logic of eliminating the conditions characteristic for the solid period of modernity. The features of postmodern society manifest themselves in many fields and contexts of life of the individual. The main symptom, and at the same time-I believe - is best characterized of our times is the spread of consumer life-style technology of society social life . There is no doubt that "the world of consumption and the world of things becomes so attractive qualities, so far unprecedented. It is the last and the only claim of freedom. The man becomes a person through consuming mass-produced goods "1
Units living in a society flooded by goods and modern technology, which become constant, though continually variable part of life. This makes it all the more “cyborgizating” to: relationships, partnerships, religion and the wider spirituality. It's metaphysical, it becomes increasingly technical, and what technique related, theological. Technocracy it is therefore irrelevant to the humanistic dimension of man. The computer becomes a god, and the temples shopping malls. Our apartments and houses are packed with intelligent technology, which is becoming increasingly antropomorfizuje at the same time causing the digitization of man.
These phenomena are not indifferent to the functioning of the educational, professional and spiritual man. The values that were important in the past, today are relativized. Lifestyle, promoted a few years ago, now it is only one of the multitude of possible choices. More often we dump the responsibility on the machinery, electronics, computers and the Internet network becoming more and more helpless mortals turer on technocratic reality. As it turns out, or technical training, or general, can not function without each separately in the modern world. Therefore, I would like in my article describe the correlation between these two areas and essences of their significance for education and life post-modern units.
Key words: lifestyle, technocratic, liquid modernity, cyborg, profanum, Sacrum 1. Selected contexts of the sacrum and the profane in
the modern world
Contemporarily, the values that were considered metaphysical constitute one and less chosen alternative way of life. Today it is not proper to write about beauty, truth and goodness, the more one should not write seriously and with approval. In technicized world created by electronic devices, a person does not have the will to invest in long lasting commitment and effort. Consequently, it affects the moral choices people. There is no wonder that many years ago, Friedrich Nietzsche said that " history of moral feelings is the history of error error – error of responsibility", for if in terms of good and evil one is responsible for the consequences, deeds, motives, and the whole essence of it, one is not responsible for anything. Cyborg human, more rarely has the opportunity - at his own request - to commune with beauty, truth and goodness, and with another human being. Facebook, twitter, Viber, iPhones are networks and programs enabling and also replacing the real life of the modern people. At this point, inevitably raises the question of which life is real? When this standard is to use a variety of mobile applications, and the phone itself may constitute whole human world, can one’s life be seen as unreal? After all, in liquid modernity "there is nothing which would allow assessing someone's behavior. Because of this no values are allowed to be impose, nor prohibit committing desired acts. In view of the choices made by other people one needs to take an attitude of respect and reverence. Tolerance, in terms of postmodern philosophers should go as far as there was no need to justify one’s decisions or before others, or
even in front of oneself". It can therefore be concluded that the consequence of the modern consciousness crisis is a "crisis of faith in that history of human thought is one-way, linear development and progress, the purpose of which is getting fuller and more perfect appropriation, or, in other words, representation, capture, description the essence, the basics – the foundation of human nature, the truth." It is also a crisis of faith "in the central to modernity value of novelty category" or – as further writes the author, "the ability of the human mind to continually create new visions, projects, utopias, values, meanings, which is a generator of historical becoming and progression".
2. Morality paradoxes of techicized human
Postmodern individual no longer feels the presence of God. Together with him was removed what metaphysical. "God 'dies', killed by religion, by the yearn of truth, which those faithful always cultivated, and which has now led them to discover that He, too, was a mistake, without which one can now get around". As famously Kubicki put it " Nietzschean superman kills God, makes His death mask, and then assumes it on one’s face - the first and last face of one’s own life. God is a human who has the courage to finally live with hope of other necessity of death". Postmodern world is a world in which there are no universal truths and principles; it is a world of values relative values, seeking to maximize pleasure. In this very world, it is specific to pretend. At this point it can be said that the world of technical innovations, deprives people of opportunities to create multiple personality traits such as
interpersonal skills, savoir vivre, to cope with difficult professional and private situations (sic). Imagine a world without electricity, internet, computers, mobile phones, credit cards, digital television, eLearning, cars, airplanes, GPS, fresh water supply. Disaster, isn’t it?
For example, today mobile phones give us the ability to carry all your personal and business life in one small device. Millions of applications developed for iPhones give us unlimited use with a variety of more or less necessary functions. For example, we have medical applications, thanks to which we can study the pressure and pulse rate, blood sugar levels. We have direct contact with our doctor, check the list of reimbursed medicines, and learn from the experiences of parents around the world of the possibilities of sick child care. We can also program a schedule of physicals and visits to the doctor. We also have apps that make life and training easier for athletes, along with the calculation of distance traveled, either ridden or by feet, of which we can boast in social networks, BMI or nutritional value of consumed products. There are also educational apps that offer us a wide range of immediate knowledge of many fields of science. We can also learn a foreign language or translate directly browsed web pages. We can distinguish a number of applications that facilitate daily life: recipes, the mobile phone as remote control for all devices, the phone dealing with a family budget, phone to remind of important events or informing what to wear in the context of forecasted weather, phone confessional or saying prayers. It can just be enumerated on number of pages of text what are the possibilities of contemporary engineers creativity. But in the long term I think that nihilism, relying on the acceptance of appearances - in which the value is what it is no longer the value, as Nietzsche would say. And "everything, which so far made metaphysical assertions precious, terrifying, pleasurable, for the people, which generated it is passion, error and self- deception". From this perspective denial, rejection, or relativization of previously accepted standards, principles and values seems to be non-accidental, of course, in the postmodern era. Gianni Vattimo believes that thinking focused on what is proximate is thinking of error although it is not about "thinking the not - truth ', but to look at, how " ' false 'constructions of metaphysics, morality, religion, art arise and pass away" – these errors are only "continuity of reality" because there is no longer any truth, or what might questioned about the truth.
3. Cyborg against man or man choosing a cyborg? It is worth to refer to Thomas Hobbes, to delineate a certain tendency - in my opinion - characteristic to the postmodern era. Hobbes believed that individual is by nature a social being. It is selfish being. Guided by instincts and own desires. The most important are one’s own matters, for he loves himself and only good is its own good. In this context, if there is no authority people begin to fight against each other. "Everything is good if it serves the objectives of the individual and at the same time can be bad for another one, which interests are at loggerheads. Another measure of good and evil nature does not know. "Therefore, an individual tries to do everything one’s selfishness
demands even through fight. "There are no rights or obligations that would restrict it; how much it wins, depends on the force. Hence the status naturalist of man: the struggle of all against all". To make sure this battle does not spill out of control the cooperation essential, especially today, between technical sciences and the humanities. If a person finds it difficult to be a human being, then maybe there is a chance that electronic novelties were human? Personally, in case of losing control I find myself lost in opportunity, which gives me a cell phone. In the past I would have to seek the solution of the problem, today more and more often the one which does this for us is no longer the computer but iPhone. Dominika Czajkowska- Ziobrowska makes a splendid note that this situation, forces on the ground of education rise of media pedagogy, through which humanists acquire technical knowledge. It has to serve creating media literacy, understanding their messages, as well as the acquisition of technical skills to their learn how to use them. Both students and teachers are the first to know the news in the media market, which means that they are not socially and professionally excluded due to lack of skills needed in the modern world.
I think that Plato would be inconsolable living in the postmodern era. His great triad of Beauty, Truth and Good hierarchical from lowest to highest, from what is "animalistic" to what is "spiritual" in the postmodern era has been relativized. Unfortunately, this era exemplifies the sad? truth: the fall of the great ideals and values ... Let us not pray to the machines. Let's go with the family to church. Do not see the world through phone, just go with the loved ones for a walk around our neighborhood. Meet up with friends in the pub, not on facebook ... Is it still possible today?
Bibliography
CZAJKOWSKA-ZIOBROWSKA D. 2009. Kompetencje techniczno – medialne w społeczeństwie współczesnym[w:] „Problemy profesjologii”, p. 74., Zielona Góra nr 1/2009.
KUBICKI R. 2005. Czekając na Nietzschego [w:] Ibidem, Pierścienie Gygesa, Poznań 2005, s.112.
KUBICKI R. 1995. Zmierzch sztuki. Narodziny ponowoczesnej jednostki?, Poznań 1995.
NIETZSCHE F. 2003. Ludzkie. Arcyludzkie, Kraków 2003. SAREŁO Z. 1998. Postmodernizm w pigułce, Poznń 1998. TATARKIEWICZ W. 1999. Historia filozofii vol. 2, Warszawa 1999.
TOKARCZYK R. 1998. Hobbes, Warszawa 1987; Hobbes. Zarys żywota i myśli, Lublin 1998.
VATTIMO G. 2007. Koniec nowoczesności, Kraków 2007 ZAWADZKI A. 2007. Wstęp. Koniec nowoczesności: nihilizm, hermeneutyka, sztuka [w:] G. Vattimo, Koniec nowoczesności, Kraków 2007, p. VII-VIII.
dr Barbara Laskowska
College of Technology and Humanities, Personnel for Europe in Poznań, Poľsko
GRAFICKÁ KOMUNIKÁCIA V ŠTUDIJNOM PROGRAME UČITEĽOV PREDMETU TECHNIKA