Instrument Procedures Chapter 10
Air Law 10-43
Semi-mixe
Semi-mixed d operations operations ModeMode One runway is used
One runway is used exclusively for approaches while:exclusively for approaches while: Approaches are being made to the other runway, or
Departures are in progress on the other runway
One runway is used
One runway is used exclusively for departures while:exclusively for departures while: Approaches are being made to the other runway, or
Departures are in progress on the other runway
Mixed operations
Mixed operations All modes of operation are possible
1 or 2 4
4 3
1,2,3 or 4
Normal Operating Zone (NOZ) Normal Operating Zone (NOZ)
Where Mode 1 and Mode 2, simultaneous approaches are in operation, a NOZ is established for each runway. This is airspace of defined dimensions extending to either side of the ILS localizer course. Only the inner half of the NOZ is taken into account for Mode 1.
No-Transgression Zone (NTZ) No-Transgression Zone (NTZ)
In the context of independent parallel approaches (Mode 1), the NTZ is a corridor of airspace of defined dimensions, located centrally between the two extended runway centre lines where penetration by an aircraft requires controller intervention to manoeuvre any threatened aircraft on the adjacent approach into safe airspace.
Chapter 10 Instrument Procedures
Runway Lateral Spacing Runway Lateral Spacing
The spacing between the centre lines of the adjacent (parallel) runways is defined as minima dependent upon the operation. All aerodromes are categorised by an aerodrome reference code. In the diagrammatic description below, reference to code relates to the aerodrome reference code. This is explained fully in the chapter dealing with aerodromes.
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Vectoring to the ILS Localizer Course Vectoring to the ILS Localizer Course
When simultaneous independent parallel approaches are in progress, the following apply:
Radar Monitoring Radar Monitoring
All approaches regardless of weather conditions are radar monitored. Control instructions and information necessary to ensure separation between aircraft, and to ensure aircraft do not enter the NTZ, are issued. The ATC procedure will be to vector arriving aircraft to one or the other of the parallel ILS localizer courses. When cleared for an ILS approach, only a straight in approach is permitted (no track reversals). When vectoring to intercept the ILS localizer course, the final vector is such as to enable the aircraft to intercept the ILS localizer course at an angle not greater than 30º and to provide at least 2 km (1 nm) straight and level flight prior to ILS localizer course intercept. This vector enables the aircraft to be established on the ILS localizer course in level flight for at least 3.7 km (2.0 nm) prior to intercepting the ILS glide path.
Separation Separation
Each pair of parallel approaches will have a “high side” and a “low side” for vectoring, to provide vertical separation until aircraft are established inbound on their respective parallel ILS localizer course. The low side altitude will normally be such that the aircraft will be established on the ILS localizer course well before ILS glidepath interception. The high side altitude will be 300 m (1000 ft) above the low side. The main objective is that both aircraft be established on the ILS localizer course before the 300 m (1000 ft) vertical separation is reduced.
Corrective Action Corrective Action
If an aircraft is observed to overshoot the ILS localizer course during turn to final, the aircraft will be instructed to return immediately to the correct track. Pilots are not required to acknowledge these transmissions or subsequent instructions while on final approach unless requested to do so. Once the 300 m (1000 ft) vertical separation is reduced, the radar controller monitoring the approach will issue control instructions if the aircraft deviates substantially from the ILS localizer course. If the aircraft fails to take corrective action and penetrates the NTZ, the aircraft on the adjacent ILS localizer course will be issued appropriate control instructions.
Missed Approach/Track Divergence Missed Approach/Track Divergence
Simultaneous parallel operations require diverging tracks for missed approach procedures and departures. When turns are prescribed to establish divergence, pilots shall commence the turns as soon as practicable. Pilots should always be aware that during parallel runway operations an aircraft that makes a missed approach is actually flying a simultaneous parallel runway departure procedure.
Chapter 10 Instrument Procedures
Fig: Mode 1 Independent Parallel Approaches Fig: Mode 1 Independent Parallel Approaches
Instrument Procedures Chapter 10
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Fig: Mode 2
Fig: Mode 2 Dependent Parallel ApproachesDependent Parallel Approaches
Fig: Mode 3
Chapter 10 Instrument Procedures
Fig: Mode 4
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INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Annex 15 to the Chicago Convention covers the provision of an Aeronautical Information Service (AIS). The object of AIS is to ensure the flow of information necessary for the safety, regularity and efficiency of international air navigation. Corrupt or erroneous aeronautical information can potentially affect the safety of air navigation. The role and importance of aeronautical information/data changed significantly with the implementation of:
Area navigation (RNAV);
Required navigation performance (RNP), and Airborne computer-based navigation systems.
To satisfy the uniformity and consistency in the provision of aeronautical information that is required for operational use, states shall, as far as possible, avoid standards and procedures other than those established for international use.