EXERCISE 1 [page 174]
1. to have been 2. to have acted 3. To have wasted 4. to have made 5. (a) to have joined (b) to have gone (c) to have made 6. (a) To have dared (b) to have done (c) to have stayed. 7. (a) to have invited (b) To have prepared (c) to have eaten 8. (a) to have seen (b) To have resisted (c) to have put in
EXERCISE 2 [page 175]
Answers will vary. Possible answers are:
1. to have finished all my research 2. for us to have undertaken 3. have shaken the hand of President Kennedy 4. to have learned how to use the computer 5. to have been one of the richest men who ever lived 6. to have seen the All-star game this year 7. to have attended my graduation 8. have attended grad school 9. us to have skate-boarded down that steep hill EXERCISE 3 [page 175]
1. to have been/relative to the past 2. to have experienced/relative to the past 3. to have finished/relative to the past 4. to have been/relative to the past 5. to have written; to have changed/relative to the past 6. to have begun/relative to the present 7. to have made/relative to the future
EXERCISE 4 [page 176]
1. To have seen what is right and not to have done it is cowardice.
2. To have died for an idea is to have placed a pretty high price upon conjecture. 3. There are two tragedies in life. One is not to have gotten your heart’s desire. The other is to have gotten it. 4. To have interpreted is to have impoverished. 5. The easiest person to have deceived is one’s self.
EXERCISE 5 [page 177]
1. . . . consider America to have been discovered . . . 2. . . . not to have been 3. . . . reported the high government of official to have been selling . . . 4. . . . found all the jewels to have been stolen. 5. . . . people claim the Nazca lines in Peru to have been . . . 6. . . . low enough for them to have been accorded . . . 7. They promised all the work to have been done . . . 8. . . . expects their papers to have been checked . . . 9. She was thrilled to have been chosen . . . 10.
The guerrillas claimed to have been educating EXERCISE 6 [page 178]
1. . . . not to have tried . . . 2. . . . never to have heard . . . 3. . . . never to have given . . . 4. . . . not to have had . . . 5. . . . not to have investigated . . .
EXERCISE 7 [page 178]
Answers will vary. Possible answers are:
1. I would love to have had more . . . 2. I would hate to have been discovered . . . 3. I would prefer to have been given . . . 4. I would like to have spent more time . . . 5. I would hate to have come . . . 6. I would prefer to have been able . . . 7. I would like to have known . . . 8.
I would love to have been served . . . 9. I would like to have done even . . . 10. I would hate to have come . . .
EXERCISE 8 [page 179]
Answers will vary. Possible answers are:
1. It was nothing less than a miracle for them to have escaped the burning wreckage alive. 2. It was really sweet of your mother to have sent a cake and gift for our anniversary. 3. We were shocked to have read about the latest international banking scandal that involved so many prominent figures. 4. It is generous of you to have spent so much of your free time doing
volunteer work in the community. 5. It would have been totally unacceptable for anyone to have come to this gala event in ragged old clothes. 6. It must be thrilling to have gone hang gliding in the Alps. 7. It would have been tedious to have worked sixty hours a week on an assembly line, doing the same thing over and over again. 8. For the whole family to have gotten together at Thanksgiving would have been marvelous. 9. It was incredibly annoying to have gotten caught in a ten-mile-long traffic jam on the freeway this afternoon.
EXERCISE 9 [page 180]
Answers will vary. Possible answers are:
1. I seem to have left my wallet with my license at home.
2. The lead singer seems to have had too much to drink.
3. The waiter appears to have forgotten us. 4. The printer ribbon (or ink cartridge) seems to have been quite low on ink.
5. There appears to have been a mistake. I believe I asked for a nonsmoking room.
EXERCISE 10 [page 181]
Answers will vary. Possible answers are:
1. By June, I expect to have finished all the courses I am presently taking—that is, Advanced English, English Composition, Accounting, Computer Science, and Calculus. 2. By the time I graduate, I plan to have played on the soccer team and contributed a few pieces to the College Review. 3. Before I make a job commitment, I plan to have visited Hewlett-Packard and possibly Claris. 4. Once I was supposed to have helped my father paint the house but I injured my leg playing football. 5. Within the next five years, I hope to have gotten married and to have finished all my degree work and to have found a job I like.
EXERCISE 11 [page 182]
Answers will vary. Possible answers are:
1. I drank enough coffee to have kept me awake twenty-four hours. 2. That horror movie was scary enough to have given me a heart attack. 3. The slide show of their last trip was boring enough to have put anyone to sleep. 4. The storm was snowy enough to have buried all the cars on the street 5. After exam week, I was tired enough to have slept for days. 6. The salesman was convincing enough for me to have wanted to buy the stereo system right away.
EXERCISE 12 [page 182]
1. Derek’s too serious to have gone to see . . . 2. Dr. Mayer’s far too dedicated a teacher to have returned . . . 3. The border’s too well guarded for them to have . . . 4. That lawyer’s arguments were too convincing for him to have . . . 5. His excuses were somehow too contrived to have been believed.