PROCESS TYPES

The data of analysis showed there are six process types found in short story No Witchcraft for Sale. Those are material process, mental process, behavioral process, verbal process, relational process and existential process found in 341 clauses. The following table shows the details of the data:

Table 4.1: Process Types of Transitivity Analysis in short story No

Witchcraft for Sale

Process Types Frequency of

Occurrence Percentage (%)

49 Mental Process 47 10,06 Behavioral Process 41 8,77 Verbal Process 58 12,41 Intensive Relational Process 102 21, 84 Circumstantial Relational Process 1 0,21 Possessive Relational Process 7 1,49 Causative Relational Process 3 0,64 Existential Process 10 2,41 Total 467 100 1. Material Process

Material process is process that show doings and happenings. It is related to action. This type of process occurred 209 times in the short story.

Gideon dropped the pot full of hot soup

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Datum no.86

There are three participants in the clause above. The first is Actor. Actor is an entity which is doing the action. Actor occured 140 (21,90%) times in short story. The second participant is material process. The last one is Goal. Goal is a passif entity which is subjected an action by an actor. Goal occured 101 (15,80%) times.

There is another participant beside Goal in material process. It is called Range. Range is similar to goal but they are different. Range has some sense of idiom, it makes some certain pattern with the verb. Range appeared 26 (4,06%) times in the short story.

But Gideon Took no notice

Actor Pr: material Range

Datum no. 124

In material process sometimes we find a clause with three participants. The other participant is called

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Beneficiary. Beneficiary is the one who receives the Goal. For instance:

I will show you the root

Actor Pr: material Beneficiary Goal

Datum no.268 2. Mental Process

Mental Process deal with everything that occurs in our mind. Affection, cognition and perception are included in mental process.

And she felt

Senser Pr: Mental

Datum no. 8

Normally in the mental process we can find one participant. That is called Senser. Senser is the one who feels, thinks, and sees. In the clause above, ‘she’ become Senser because she feel something. Moreover there is another participant that may occur in mental

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process, named Phenomenon. Phenomenon is something which is felt, perceived or thought by the Senser.

But when she saw that

Senser Pr:

mental Phenomenon

Datum no. 108

In the clause above, ‘that’ become the Phenomenon which is included in perception.

3. Behavioral Process

Behavioral Process takes place in two side, real life and our mind. Its like a combined of two processes, mental and material process. Here is the example:

She Sighed

Behaver Pr: behavioral

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In the clause above we can see there are two elements, the first is Behaver. Behaver is the one who do an action and feel something at once. The last element is process behavioral. Here, ‘sighed’ is physiological and psychological behavior. Behavioral process also sometimes followed by Phenomenon.

I ‘m looking for The root Bass

Behaver Pr: behavioral Phenomenon

Datum no.281

4. Verbal Process

Verbal process is process of saying. This process normally has two elements, namely Sayer, Receiver and Verbiage.

Up and down the district people

were

telling Anecdotes

Sayer Pr: verbal Verbiage

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‘Up and down district people’ is the Sayer because they’re doing process of saying. The anecdotes is the Verbiage because the anecdotes is the thing that they’re telling about.

Sometimes, there is another element that occurs in verbal process. That is called Receiver. Receiver is the participant which is targeted by the verbal process. Here is the example:

Mr and Mrs. Farquar told their neighbors

Sayer Pr: verbal Receiver

Datum no.148

5. Relational Process

Relational process has two kind of type of process, the first is attributive processes and the second is identifying processes. The basic difference between these types of relational process is that attributive process is process which classify something besides identifying is process which define something. In the process of analysing, they are marked as process intensive.

55 Attributive:

Natives Was warm and grateful

Carrier Pr: intensive Attribute

Datum no.10

There are two participants in attributive relational process. They are Carrier and Attribute. As we can see in the clause above ‘Natives’ becomes Carrier while ‘warm and grateful’ is the Attribute.

Identifying:

Little Yellow Head is the most good thing

Token Pr:

Intensive Value

Datum no.27

The participants of identifying relational process are Token and Value. In the example above, the Token is

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‘Little Yellow Head’ and the Value is ‘the most good thing’.

In the Relational Process there are some processes called circumstantial processes. They are circumstantial process itself, possessive process and causative process.

Circumstantial relational process: From time

to time Remembering that

on the day of the snake Circ: extent Pr: mental Circ: location

It had taken ten

minutes to find the root Toke n Pr: circumstanti al Value Pr: material Goal Datum no.277

In the clause above we can see ‘it’ is the Token, ‘had taken’ is the circumstantial process and ‘ten minutes’ is the Value.

57 Possessive relational process:

Later when Teddy had his first

haircut Carrier Pr:

possessive Attribute

Datum no.11

Causative relational process:

also it Made him into a man

Age nt Pr: causative Carrier Pr: intensive Attribu te Datum no.86

In clause above we have ‘it’ as agent and ‘made’ as causative process.

6. Existential Process

Existential Process show us about something existence. The main part of this process is Existent.

58

Pr: existential existent

Datum no.24

Existential process only has one participant called Existent. In the example, ‘second baby’ is the Existent.

B. PARTICIPANTS

The result of the analysis showed that there are 639 participants occurred in the short story. Here are the details:

Table 4.2 Participants of Transitivity Analysis Participants Frequency of Occurrence Percentage (%) Actor 140 21,90 Goal 101 15,80 Senser 35 5,47 Phenomenon 45 7.04 Behaver 24 3,75 Behavior 1 0,15 Sayer 39 6,10 Existent 10 1,56 Carrier 92 14,39

59 Attribute 90 14,08 Token 6 0,93 Value 6 0,93 Agent 2 0,31 Beneficiary 9 1,40 Range 26 4,06 Receiver 8 1,25 Verbiage 5 0,78 Total 639 100

The table above gives us conclusion that the most appeared participants has connection with the most dominant process.