Guidance Notes
TOPIC 21 PROFICIENCY IN THE USE OF THE IBC CODE AND RELATED DOCUMENTS The instructor is advised to demonstrate to the trainees the use of IBC Code and the ICS
The instructor should remain aware of changing regulatory requirements and the need to ensure appropriate training.
TOPIC 20 KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS (MARPOL) AND OTHER RELEVANT IMO INSTRUMENTS, INDUSTRY GUIDELINES AND PORT REGULATIONS AS COMMONLY APPLIED
The instructor should remain aware of changing regulatory requirements and the need to ensure appropriate training.
TOPIC 21 PROFICIENCY IN THE USE OF THE IBC CODE AND RELATED DOCUMENTS The instructor is advised to demonstrate to the trainees the use of IBC Code and the ICS Tanker Safety Guide (Chemicals). The importance of referring to chapter 17 and other relevant chapters of IBC Code and the safety guide prior to planning/loading any cargo needs to be emphasized.
The instructor should remain aware of changing regulatory requirements with respect to the IBC Code, related documents and the need to ensure appropriate training.
and characteristics, including the types of Cargo Pumps and their safe operations" and should be used with their respective Specific learning Objectives (SLO) included in Part "C" and Part "D".
Diagrams from the IMO Model Course 1.01 "Basic Training for Oil and Chemical Tanker Cargo Operations" course may also be used.
Figure 1.2 A: Single and double acting reciprocating pumps
Figure 1.2 B: Eductor used for stripping
Figure 1.2 C: Portable Chemical Emergency Cargo pump
Figure 1.2 D: Arrangements for loading through the deep-well pump
Figure 1.2 E: Arrangements for loading through the drop line
Figure 1.2 F: Pumping arrangements and equipment of a chemical tanker
Figure 1.2 G: Tank section of a product/chemical tanker with deep-well pumps
Figure 1.2 H: Operation of a Reciprocating piston pump
Figure 1.2 I: Types of pumps and pumping concepts
Figure 1.2 J: Deep-well pumps
Figure 1.2 K: A chemical tanker deep-well cargo pump
Figure 1.4 A: Chemical tanker Deck pipeline arrangements
Fig 1.4 B: Manifold arrangements of a chemical tanker
Figure 1.4 C: Simulator Manifold connection
Figure 1.6 D: Restricted gauging and sampling equipment
Figure 1.6 E: High level and overfill alarms
Figure 1.7: Gas detector tubes
Figure 1.8 A: Heating arrangements of a Chemical Tanker
Figure 1.8 B: Tank Heating arrangements on a chemical tanker's main deck (Chemical Simulator)
Figure 1.8 C: Tank-cleaning heater (Chemical Simulator)
Figure 1.8 D: Chemical tank with heating coils, pumps and cargo diffuser
Figure 1.9: Tank-cleaning machines
Figure 1.10: Venting system of a chemical tanker (Chemical Simulator)
Figure 1.12: Cargo area venting arrangements of a chemical tanker
Figure 1.13.3: Vapour return system for emission control
Figure1.15: Tank construction materials and coatings
Figures 1.15 and 8.0: Stowage planning for parcel tankers as per tank coatings
Figure 1.15.10: Tank coating resistance list
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Figure 2.0 A: Pumps operated in Parallel
Figure 2.0 B: Pump curves
Figure 2.0.C: Net positive suction head
Figure 2.0 D: Drawing of a closed hydraulic system
Figure 2.0 E: Drawing of an open hydraulic system
Figure 2.0 F: Drawing showing the stripping operations of a deep-well pump
Figure 3: Safety Management checklist
Figure 5.0 A: Density Correction Factor curve is a straight line for small temperature differences for unsaturated hydrocarbons and most chemicals
Figure 5.0 B: ASTM Volume correction
0.050 1.10 0.52 0.33 0.34
Figure 5.0 C: Trim tables relevant to cargo calculations
Figure 7.1 A: Screenshot of a loading computer of a chemical tanker for stowage planning and cargo calculations (Chemical Simulator)
Figure 7.1 B: Use MSDS for stowage planning exercise
LCHS- CHEMICAL LOADING PLAN
Figure 7.1 C: Loading plan form
Figure 7.1D: Chemical Simulator Power Pack and Hydraulic controls of a cargo pumping system
Figure 7.2: Ballast Pump room on a chemical tanker (Chemical Simulator)
Figure 7.3 A: Cleaning and disposal procedures
Figure 7.3 B: Tank cleaning and disposal procedure in MARPOL Annex II
Fig:7.10 A Compatibility chart.
Figure 7.10: Compatibility chart
Figure 9.0 A: Circuit diagram of a Tankscope
Figure 9.0 B: Detection pump and tubes
Figure 9.0 C: Gas detector
Figure 9.0 D: Portable oxygen detector
Figure 9.0 E: Various gas detection instruments
Figure 11 A: Periodic table
Figure 11B: Methane molecule CH4
Figure11 C: Schematic representation of hydrocarbon molecules
Figure 11 D: Molecular structure
Figure12.0 A: MSDS placed on display for crew
Figure 12.0 B: MSDS for sulphuric acid
Figure 13.1 A: Flammability diagram for flammable cargoes
Figure 13.1 B: Flammable Range
Figure 13.3 A: Health Hazards
Figure 13.3 B: Health Hazards in percentage of exposures to oil and chemicals
Figure 15.1 A: Entering enclosed space with SCBA
Figure 15.1 B: Examples of enclosed / confined spaces
Figure 15.5: Protective Clothing
Figure 16.4: Fire Safety - Fire drill on a ship
Figure 18 A: Use of MFAG chemical supplement- flow chart.
Figure 18 B: Use of MFAG chemical supplement - Diagnosis
Figure 20: Stripping requirements as per MARPOL Annex II
Figure 21.3: IBC Code, chemical tanker location of tanks for ship types 1, 2 and 3.
Ship Type 1 each tank capacity not more than 1250 m3; Ship Type 2 each tank capacity not more than 3000 m3; Ship Type 3 each tank capacity not regulated.
APPENDIX 2
EXERCISES
The exercises below may be conducted using a simulator or as table-top exercise. For table-top exercises the trainees should be provided with a PC loaded with a chemical tanker's loading computer software and hard copies of the ship's capacity plan, pumping, ballasting, ventilation (inerting) and tank cleaning plans, calibration tables of ballast and cargo tanks and other plans/ details considered relevant for the exercise.
Exercise number 1: Chemical tanker - Cargo handling simulator layout
Objectives: The trainee should be able to understand the subsystems and their overall interactivity in the chemical cargo handling simulator in order to carry out the operations involved.
Familiarization with terminology and communications during liquid cargo operations.
Prerequisites: The theoretical aspects of the various kinds of liquid cargo transport should be known to the trainee. Basic naval architecture related to chemical tanker would have been studied prior to simulator exercises.
Basic stability and stress theory will have to be known by the trainees.
Training materials: Simulator or PowerPoint presentations of the mimic diagrams used in the CCR (Cargo Control Room) layout and general arrangements of the vessel in the liquid cargo simulator.
Simulator Condition: Familiarization exercise enabling operations of all chemical tanker systems.
Briefing: Explanation of the ship type modelled.
Explanation of various subsystems and how they are interconnected.
Explanation of the Loading Computer, trim, draft and heel indicators.
Student action: Operate PC and familiarize with operational equipment.
Repeat previous theory learned on cargo systems, stability and stress, in case simulator is unavailable, and describe the operations using presentation slides.
Instructor action: Apart from system mimics, emphasize overall connection of the systems in the vessel.
Explain symbols used in mimics.
Explain Loading Computer and how it can be used in stowage planning.
Debriefing: Check if all systems and interconnection of systems of the simulator was understood.
Discuss if relationships with previous theory are properly understood.
Exercise number 2: Inerting cargo tanks
Objectives: The trainee should be able to understand the principles, operations and safety precautions involved with inerting of cargo tanks.
Prerequisites: Introductory exercises such as No 1, will have been completed. Theory of UEL, LEL and explosive mixtures will have been covered using flammability diagram.
Training materials: OHP sheets of the Inert Gas Generating (IGG) system, the IG distribution lines as on inerting mimics of cargo tanks.
Simulator Condition: Cargo tanks empty, filled with air. Normal ballast condition.
Student action: After checking atmosphere in tanks, decision to be made for which tanks to start inerting and line up.
Continuous monitoring of IG flow and O2 content in the tanks.
Instructor action: Check choice of tanks, system used, and method of inerting. Check quality of IG supplied.
Debriefing: The instructor should ascertain that the tank atmospheres are at the required level of O2.
Check that trainees have understood the principles of inerting and safety precautions involved.
Evaluation: By question and answer confirm that students have understood the principles of, and reasons for inerting of cargo tanks.
Based on the achieved levels of IG and O2 in the tanks, the trainees' understanding and skills of inerting can be evaluated.
If simulator is not available, trainees to use the ventilation (inerting) plan and show sequence of inerting, method of inerting (dilution or displacement) with timeline, inert gas supply and tank atmosphere monitoring procedure till all tanks are finally inerted.
Exercise number 3: Loading full cargo of various chemicals
Objectives: The trainee should be able to perform cargo planning for loading operation, load a full cargo into the vessel maintaining stability and stress criteria, and maximum allowable draft and trim.
Prerequisites: The trainees will have performed familiarization exercises on the simulator and they will have knowledge of loading zones, stability, shear forces and bending moments. Use the stowage planning exercise sheet (see Figure 7.1 D) and conduct table-top exercises to ensure compatibility of the cargo.
Training materials: Mimic diagrams of cargo deck lines, manifold connections, loading/discharge and cargo tanks.
Displacement table, MSDS and compatibility chart. Loading computer on simulator.
Simulator Condition: Vessel cargo tanks empty with ballast on board.
Shore connection for different grades and in different groups of tanks.
Briefing: Trainees should be told that all cargo tanks are empty and simultaneous deballasting required for this exercise.
Tanks to be filled up to 98% as per calculations according to the IBC Code.
Shear forces and bending moments to be kept within limits throughout the operation. Estimation of expected stability condition, shear forces and bending moments to be done prior to carrying out cargo and ballast operations.
During loading cargo tanks, gas to be vented to shore (or as applicable).
Student action: Trainees can perform preliminary stress and stability requirements with the Loading Computer.
Shore manifold connection to be made, manifold lines with jumper connection completed and commence loading. When loading tanks, levels to be monitored as well as tank atmosphere and shear forces and bending movements.
Instructor action: Check preliminary stress calculations.
Check tanks loaded in planned sequence in order to keep stresses within limits. Check tank levels after filling and topping off. If the exercise of filing all tanks takes too long in real time, real-time simulation may be suspended and continued fast time until a further crucial stage of operation is reached, such as topping off of tanks.
Debriefing: Trainees should understand possibilities and limitations of a full cargo being loaded.
loading plan using the loading computer, showing different stages of loading/deballasting using bar charts.
Trainees to be provided with compatibility chart and MSDS for cargoes to be loaded. Use the pumping and ventilation plan to indicate proper lining up.
Exercise number 4: Unloading full or part cargo of various chemicals
Objectives: The trainee should be able to perform cargo planning for unloading operation, unload a full or part cargo from the vessel, maintaining stability and stress criteria and maximum allowable draft and trim.
Prerequisites: The trainees will have performed familiarization exercises on the simulator and they will have knowledge of loading zones, stability, shear forces and bending moments.
Training materials: PowerPoint slides/OHP sheets of mimic diagrams of cargo deck lines, manifold connections, unloading of cargo tanks.
Displacement table and MSDS. Loading computer on simulator.
Simulator Condition: Vessel cargo tanks full and no ballast on board.
Shore connection for multi grades and in different group of tanks.
Briefing: Trainees should be informed that all tanks are fully loaded and ballast operations need to be carried out during unloading for this exercise.
Tanks to be unloaded with pre-planned sequential quantities and pump operations to be familiarized with.
Shear forces and bending moments to be kept within limits. Preliminary check to be carried out with the ship in final ballast conditions with off line Loading Computer.
When unloading tank stripping and draining shall be carried out using special techniques (if applicable).
Student action: Trainees can perform preliminary stress check with the Loading Computer.
Connection of shore manifold to be made, manifold lines with jumper connection completed and unloading to commence according to stress limitations. During unloading tanks, levels to be monitored as well as tank atmosphere and shear forces and bending moments to be frequently checked.
Instructor action: Check preliminary stress calculations.
Check if tanks are unloaded in planned sequence in order to keep stresses within limits. Check tank residues after unloading are in compliance with regulations.
If the exercise of unloading all tanks takes too long in real time, real-time simulation may be suspended and continued fast time until a further crucial stage of operation is reached, such as stripping of tanks.
Debriefing: Trainees should understand limitations of a full/part cargo being unloaded.
Stresses and stability were monitored and final draft, trim, tank ullages, pressure, temperatures and atmosphere were continuously checked.
Evaluation: By means of observation of final ballast condition assessing if trainees have reached required condition of ballast water and empty tanks and that all levels, volumes, trim and list, shear force and bending moments were within the determined limits.
For table-top exercise, trainees are required to develop an unloading plan using the loading computer showing different stages of unloading/ballasting using bar charts.
Candidates to be provided with MSDS for cargoes to be unloaded. Use the pumping and ventilation plan to indicate proper lining up.
Exercise number 5: Chemical tanker - Purge and ventilate cargo tanks for entry
Objective: The trainee should be able to prepare cargo tanks for entry after unloading chemical cargo.
The trainee will learn how to purge cargo tanks with inert gas and air to safe level before entry is permitted.
Prerequisites: Familiarization exercise number 1.
Inerting exercise number 2.
Theory of explosion limits – LEL and UEL Theory of Threshold Limit values (TLV) Training material: Tank atmosphere flammability diagrams.
Shore N2 line up.
Simulator Condition: Vessel ballasted to normal seagoing condition.
All cargo tanks empty.
Tank atmosphere: Flammable and Toxic.
gas free for entry.
Tank atmosphere to be constantly monitored.
Instructor action: Check that trainees observe tank atmosphere for flammability, toxicity and that selected tanks are at safe levels before starting to ventilate with air.
Debriefing: Ensure trainees have understood correct use of tank atmosphere levels.
The importance of proper purging with IG to safe gas concentration before ventilating with air to be stressed upon.
Evaluation: By means of the tank atmosphere checks, the oxygen and gas contents in the vented tanks can be monitored.
For table-top exercise, trainees are required to use the ventilation (Inerting) plan to indicate lining up. Time taken for purging and gas freeing to be calculated stating method used (displacement or dilution). Flammability diagrams to be provided.
Exercise number 6: Chemical tanker - Tank cleaning with water/chemicals and also with steam Objectives: The trainee should be able to make a tank cleaning plan with cleaning and discharge (CDP) procedures specific to cargo unloaded and next cargo to be loaded, using P & A manual and carry out tank cleaning.
By means of the exercise the relationship between the various subsystems is to be demonstrated.
Prerequisites: Familiarization exercise.
Unloading exercise.
IG usage exercise.
Theoretical knowledge of trim and heel is required.
Pollution prevention rules and procedures have been discussed.
Training materials: Mimic diagram of cargo tanks.
Cargo pump operation technique (e.g. FRAMO) IG system. Tank cleaning plan.
MSDS of cargo discharged and details of next cargo.
Simulator Condition: Cargo tanks empty with residues from multi grades of chemical parcels.
In full ballast condition.
Briefing: Trainees should be made aware of the complexity of the exercise which should be built up step by step.
Requirements and precautions during tank cleaning.
Tank cleaning plan to be followed.
Student action: The trainees will start with preparing a tank cleaning plan, which will keep trim and heel within the acceptable limits.
Chemical tank cleaning and stripping will take place simultaneously.
In this order operation will continue until all tanks empty.
Instructor action: The instructor should ascertain that the sequence of tank cleaning, trim and heel is taken into consideration.
During tank cleaning the tank atmosphere is to be monitored and inert gas supplied in accordance with the requirements of the IBC Code.
Debriefing: Check in which order tanks have been cleaned.
Check suitable draft, trim and heel were maintained.
Evaluation: By means of question and answer, determine understanding of multiple operations.
Time needed to complete operations will be a measure of efficient conduct of operations.
All cargo residues should be removed, tanks cleaned for the next cargo fulfilling all statutory and commercial requirements.
For this table-top exercise trainees are required to develop a tank cleaning plan showing different stages of tank cleaning using bar charts. MSDS of cargo discharged and details of next cargo to be provided.
Trainees to use the pumping, ventilation and tank cleaning plan to indicate proper lining up.
of chemical tanker related incidents.
When discussing the causes, trainees should be actively involved in order to facilitate a better understanding of the causes which led to the incident and to devise preventive actions to avoid similar incidents.
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