11. Islamic Organizations
The Government will establish the organizations for proper maintenance of Zakat, Auqaf and Masjids.
12. Islamic Ideology Council
The Islamic Ideology Council will be established to recommend to both central and provincial governments to take measures to encourage the Muslims to live in accordance with the principles of Islam.
13. Islamic Research Institute
The government will establish the Islamic Research Institute to give its opinion regarding the Islamic principles.
14. Elimination of Riba (Usury)
Riba will eliminate from the country as soon as possible.
15. Free Judiciary
Judiciary shall be independent and will work without any political and economic pressure.
16. End of Racial & Provincial Discriminations
The government will try to eliminate the Racial, Provincial, Communal and other discriminations from the country.
17. End of Illiteracy
The Government will take certain steps to eliminate the illiteracy from the country & education will be declared free & compulsory in Pakistan.
Government will also take suitable steps for the adult education in the country.
18. System of Zakat and Aquaf
System of Zakat and Aquaf will be introduced in Pakistan.
19. Welfare State
Pakistan will be a welfare state and the government will try its best to eliminate the poverty & illiteracy from the country. Basic facilities like food, shelter & cloth shall be provided to the people.
20. National language
Urdu & Bengali will be the national language of the country.
Cancellation of Constitution of 1962
President Ayub Khan resigned on 25th March 1969 in the regard of Public Movement against his government. Commander in Chief General Yayah Khan imposed Martial Law in the country and took over the government. That was the 2nd Martial Law which was imposed in the country. All the provincial and federal governments were dismissed and announced elections in the country.
Q4. Write down the Islamic Provisions of Constitution of 1973.
Ans. General Yayah Khan took over the country on 25th March 1969 and General Elections were held in the country in 1970. After the General Elections the situation became violent. East Pakistan separated from the federation and became Bangladesh on 16th December 1971.
Constitution of 1973
Pakistan Studies
Compiled by: Hafiz Ashfaq Ahmad
After the separation of East Pakistan in 1971, the Military Regime transferred the power to Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto on December 20, 1971, who imposed interim Constitution in the country on April 12, 1972. Then a draft of permanent Constitution was presented before the Assembly and it was approved in April 1973. The constitution was enforced on August 14, 1973.
This constitution was consisted of 280 clauses, which was Federal Parliamentary in nature.
Islamic Provisions of Constitution of 1973
All the Islamic provisions of the previous constitutions were included in the Constitution of 1973. Some more Islamic provisions were also added, which are as under:
1. Sovereignty of Allah
The Objective Resolution was included in the preamble of the Constitution of 1973. According to which sovereignty- over the whole world belongs to Allah.
The people of Pakistan will exercise the sovereignty within the limits as a sacred trust of Allah.
2. Country‟s Name
The country‟s name will be Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
3. Official Religion of the State
The official religion of the country will be Islam.
4. Muslim President and Prime Minister:
The President and Prime Minister of Pakistan will be Muslims, who believe in oneness of Allah and the finality of the Prophet Hood of Muhammad (SAW).
5. Definition of a Muslim
For the first time, the definition of a Muslim was included in the Constitution of 1973. A person who does believe in oneness of Allah, the absolute finality of Prophet Hood of Muhammad (PBUH), the day of Judgment and divine Books of Allah, is a Muslim‟.
6. Protection of Islamic Laws
All the existing laws will be brought into conformity with Islamic principles and no law will be enforced, which is repugnant to the teachings of Islam.
7. Compulsory Islamic Teachings & Quran
The teaching of Quran and Islamic studies will he made compulsory in schools and colleges.
8. Teaching of Arabic and printing of Quran
The teaching of Arabic will be compulsory from 6 to 8 classes in schools and printing of Quran will be made error free.
9. Islamic Values
Islamic values for example, democracy, equity, liberty and equality will be the main objectives of the Constitution.
10. Islamic Society
The Muslims will be allowed to lead individually or collectively in accordance principles of Islam to form an Islamic society.
Pakistan Studies
Compiled by: Hafiz Ashfaq Ahmad
11. Zakat and Usher
According to the Constitution of 1973, the government will establish the system of Zakat and Usher by establishing the Zakat & Usher Councils.
12. Elimination of Riba (Usury or Interest)
The government will eliminate Riba and make the economy of the country free from Riba.
13. Islamic Ideology Council
The Islamic Ideology Council will be established, which will guide the legislature to make the laws in accordance with Islamic teachings and bring the existing.
14. Unity of Islamic World:
Government will give full intension towards the unity of Muslim world.
15. Protection to Minorities
Government will provide full right to the Minorities they spend their lives according to their own religion and culture.
16. End of Racial & Provincial Discriminations
The government will try to eliminate Racial, Provincial, Communal and other discriminations from the country.
17. End of Illiteracy
The Government will take certain steps to eliminate the illiteracy from the country. Education will be declared free & compulsory in Pakistan.
Government will also take suitable steps for the adult education in the country.
18. Welfare State
Pakistan will be a welfare state. Government tried its best to eliminate the poverty & illiteracy in the country. And basic facilities like food, shelter & cloth shall be provided to the people.
19. National language
Urdu will be the national language of the country.
20. Free Judiciary
Judiciary shall be independent and will work without any political and economic pressure.
21. Protection of Ideology of Pakistan
It is mentioned in the constitution of 1973 that President, Prime Minister, Federal Minister, Speaker, Deputy Speaker, Chairman Senate, Deputy Chairman Senate, Provincial Governors, Chief Minister, Provincial Speakers, Provincial Deputy Speakers & Provincial Minister will take Oath to be loyal with the ideology of Pakistan and the Islamic Ideology.
22. Objective Resolution as the Permanent Part of the Constitution
In 1985, General Zia-ul-Haq made an amendment in the constitution and Objective Resolution declared the permanent part of the constitution.
Importance of Constitution of 1973
Pakistan Studies
Compiled by: Hafiz Ashfaq Ahmad
Constitution of 1973 has a great importance in the constitutional history of Pakistan because a lot of Islamic Clauses are added in the constitution as compared to the previous constitutions. This constitution cannot be dismissed (Cancelled or abrogated), any persons who will dissolve it will be hanged till death.
Suspension of Constitution of 1973
Constitution of 1973 was suspended by General Zia-ul-Haq in 1977 and he imposed the 3rd Martial Law in the country. General Zia-ul-Haq re-activated this constitution in 1985. Later on this constitution again suspended by Pervaiz Musharaf in his regime twice partially in 1999 and 2007.