Recommendations for Future Practice

Several recommendations are suggested in this section for industry experts who wish to consider using through-bolt shear connectors in composite bridge construction.

It is recommended that CSA S6 (CSA S6, 2014) review the assumption that the fatigue performance of through-bolt shear connectors is identical to welded, headed shear stud connectors. Further large-scale beam testing, featuring through-bolt shear connectors is recommended. However, it is believed that this assumption is overly conservative, rendering economically inefficient designs.

With regards to the installation cracks due to the tightening of the through-bolts, it is recommended that a grout be installed, occupying any potential voids separating the concrete deck and steel girder. This should minimize any discrepancies in the contour profiles of the concrete deck and steel girder, thus limiting or preventing the occurrence of installation cracks.

Lastly, it is recommended that the use of a laser scanner be adopted to locate the prefabricated holes within the concrete decks and steel girders to determine the globally optimal root mean square value (geometric incompatibility error) between all possible combinations between the concrete decks and steel girders. This will reduce or prevent the necessity for rework due to tolerance issues.

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