Results and Analysis

4.1 Introduction

In this chapter, data collected on the barriers and benefits by the research methodology described in chapter 3 is presented in such a way to straightforwardly inform the reader in terms of the organization and content. Largely, this analysis concentrates on the relationship between the last three objectives, data, the research methodology including the three stages of triangulation namely convergent interviews, individual case-interviews and focus group interviews. The researcher used tabulations and charts to express the data in order to facilitate proper understanding and analysis of the data.

4.2 Data Analysis of Stage I of Triangulation

4.2.1 Results and Analysis of Convergent Interviews

The Convergent Interview of the qualitative data collection provided 18 sets of categories of barriers that the members of the regulatory, enforcement and business (fishery businesses) areas perceived as obstacles to the compliance with international HACCP regulation. The 18 sets of categories of barriers were developed from 22 suggested themes of which four were rejected due to lack of sufficient supports perceived from the other interviewees, Table 22, Matrix of Responses to Convergent Interview (Carson and Gilmore, 2001) modified by the author, below and Tables 23, 24 and 25 keys for Table 22, developed by the author, below.

Table 22: Matrix of Responses to Convergent Interview: Carson, Gilmore et al., 2001,Modified by the Author (Suggested Theme, Agree, Disagree, Not Applicable in HACCP barriers from Stage I-Convergent Interview: green shaded area represents suggested theme; light blue shaded area not applicable indicates that this category of theme/barrier was not in existence during that particular interview; white

shaded area represents agree theme; greyed shaded area represents disagree theme; blue, red and yellow shaded areas represent saturation

Group A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V Interview 1 st st na Na Na Na na na Na Na Na Na Na na na na Na na na na na na Interview 2 ag ag st St Na Na na na Na Na Na Na na na na na Na na na na na na Interview 3 ag ag ag Ag St St st na Na Na Na Na na na na na Na na na na na na Interview 4 ag ag ag Ag Ag Ag ag st Na Na Na Na na na na na Na na na na na na Interview 5 ag ag ag Ag Ag Ag dg ag St St Na Na na na na na Na na na na na na Interview 6 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg dg ag Ag Ag St St na na na na Na na na na na na Interview 7 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg ag dg Ag Ag Dg Ag St na na na Na na na na na na Interview 8 ag ag ag Dg Ag Dg dg ag Ag Ag Dg Ag Ag st na na Na na na na na na Interview 9 ag ag ag Dg Ag Dg ag ag Ag Dg Dg Ag Ag ag st na Na na na na na na Interview 10 ag ag ag Dg Ag Dg ag ag Ag Ag Dg Ag Ag ag ag st Na na na na na na Interview 11 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg ag ag Ag Ag Ag Ag dg ag ag ag St na na na na na Interview 12 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg ag ag Ag Ag Dg Ag dg ag ag ag Ag st na na na na Interview 13 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg dg ag Ag Ag Ag Ag dg ag ag ag Ag ag st na na na Interview 14 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg dg ag Ag Ag Dg Ag Ag ag ag ag Ag ag ag st na na Interview 15 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg dg ag Ag Ag Dg Ag Ag ag ag ag Ag ag ag ag st na Interview 16 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg dg ag Ag Ag Ag Ag dg ag ag ag Ag ag ag ag ag st Interview 17 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg dg ag Ag Ag Ag Ag dg ag ag dg Ag dg ag ag dg ag Interview 18 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg dg ag Ag Ag Dg Ag dg ag ag ag Ag ag ag ag ag ag Interview 19 ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg ag ag Ag Ag Dg Ag dg ag ag ag Ag ag ag ag ag ag Interview 20 ag ag ag Ag Ag Ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg Ag dg ag ag ag Ag ag ag dg ag ag Interview 21 ag ag ag Ag Ag Ag ag ag Ag Ag Dg Ag dg ag ag ag Ag ag ag dg ag ag Interview 22 ag ag ag Ag Ag Ag dg ag Ag Ag Dg Ag dg ag ag ag Ag ag ag dg dg dg at at at At At Rt at/rt at At At Rt At Rt at at at At at at at at at

Table 23: KEY: First Key for Table 18: Theme = Barrier (Developed for this study) Suggested Themes or Barriers Suggested Themes or Barriers

Lack of appropriate fishery policy (i.e compatible with Codex Alimentarius and EU Legislation);

Lack of agreement; Lack of enforcement; Lack of outcome expectancy Lack of human expertise and training Lack of Adequate Staff

Lack of finance

Lack of access to information on hazards Lack of awareness

Lack of self-efficacy

Lack of the will of government Lack of PRPs in fishery businesses; High illiteracy rate

Lack of consumer agency; Negative guideline factors; Negative environmental factors; Lack of competence;

Lack of private consultancy firm; Lack of cueing mechanism Lack of motivation Lack of understanding

Lack of fishery standard or specification

Table 24: KEY: Second Key for Table 18: Suggested Theme or Agree or Disagree or Not Applicable (Developed for this study)

Responses to Convergent Interview Abbreviation/Short Form

Suggest Theme St

Agree Ag

Disagree Dg

Not Applicable Na

Table 25: KEY: Third Key for Table 18: Accept theme or Reject theme (Developed for this study)

Definition of Saturation Abbreviation/Short Form

Accept Theme At

Reject Theme Rt

There were 22 interviewees and as the interviewer moved from interviewees 1 to 6 two different themes were suggested by each interviewee except interviewee 3 who suggested three different themes and interviewee 4 who suggested only one theme. As the interviewer moved to interviewees 7 to 16 each of the interviewee suggested only 1 theme. In fact, as the interviewer moved to interviewees 17 to 22 no new theme was suggested. At the same time, the interviewees were able to develop and refined definitions for themes suggested. Table 31 below (General Unit of Analysis) and Table 21 page 122 (Unit of Analysis for Convergent Interview), provide more information on the regulatory, enforcement and business that participated in convergent interview.

Table 31: General Unit of Analysis (Developed for this study) REGULATORY- FOOD POLICY MAKER REGULATORY- FOOD POLICY ENFORCEMENT

FISHERY BUSINESS CONSUMER