REVISION EXERCISES FOR 9A–E B/C – WORD SHAPE AND SYNTAX

1. He is my father, a very wicked man. ἡμῖν

2. Α great evil will befall you, since you are accursed. ὑμῖν, κακοδαίμοσιν οὔσιν

3. In theory no one in the city is better than your father, but in fact no one is worse. ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν.

4. Tell the spectator the plot of the play with full (all) enthusiasm. τοῖς θεαταῖς

5. We shout loudly (use great shouts). μεγάλῃ βοῇ 6. The sailors happened to be on the ships. ἐν τῷ πλοίῳ 7. We must obey those who give orders. τῷ κελεύοντι 8. What is the name of the king? τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν

9. Why do you (pl.) try to persuade me with this argument? τούτοις τοῖς λόγοις 10. On the next day the son chased his father back into the house with the big

nets. τῷ μεγάλῳ δικτύῳ D – ENGLISH INTO GREEK

1. This woman’s plan is dangerous/terrible.

τὸ ὄνομα τούτῳ τῷ θεατῇ ἐστι Φιλόξενος.

2. They are speaking to us and our children/slaves.

λέγει ὑμῖν καὶ τοῖς θεαταῖς.

3. He was bringing the man on to the ship with the help of the sailors.

χαλεπῶς οἴσουσι καθίζοντες ἐν τῷ δικαστήριῳ.

122 Section 9F

4. I stole the money with (using) my right hand.

ἐνέκλεισα τὸν πατέρα πολλοῖς δούλοις χρώμενος.

5. He is destroying Socrates with a wicked slander.

καλοῖς λόγοις ἔπεισαν τὸν δῆμον οἱ ῥήτορες.

9F

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2 ἐάσω The future of ἐάω ‘I allow’.

3 λήσεις The future of λανθάνω.

5 οὐκ ἐάσας What is this? Compare it with εἴασας. Remember that the aorist indicative has an augment. The participle has not.

7 πιθέσθαι Aorist infi nitive from ἐπιθόμην (second aorist of πείθομαι). For aorist infi nitives see GE pp. 187–189, #195–197. Here the aorist is used to emphasise the aspect. ‘You must (χρή) stay here (present infi nitive = all the time, a process) and obey me [now] (aorist infi nitive denotes a single event).’

10 δικάσαι First aorist infi nitive active from δικάζω.

δυνήσῃ The future of δύναμαι: ‘you will be able’.

11 μοι … ἐνθάδε μένοντι Note the agreement: ‘How will it be possible for me remaining here to be a juror?’ ‘How will it be possible … if I stay here?’

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16 παύσασθαι First aorist infi nitive middle.

17 κατάσκοπον κατά, σκοπέω. Cf. the various English ‘-scope’ words. Most relevant here is ‘episcopal’, from ἐπίσκοπος an ‘overseer’ or a ‘bishop’ in Christian Greek.

γενέσθαι What is this? What are the principal parts of γίγνομαι?

19 ἐξευρεῖν What is it? Try the principal parts of εὑρίσκω. Remember that the infi nitive does not have an augment.

λαβεῖν What is it? Try the principal parts of λαμβάνω.

25 λήψῃ What tense? What person? What verb? Try the future of λαμβάνω.

28 ποιῆσαι ποιέω ποιήσω ἐποίησα. Therefore aorist infi nitive active.

40 ἐξήνεγκον For the principal parts of φέρω see GE p. 202, #211.

47 ἐσθίειν Another very irregular verb: ἐσθίω ἔδομαι ἔφαγον ‘I eat’.

Translation for 9F

Bdelykleon speaks to the father.

B D E L Y K L E O N Listen, Father, I shall not allow you to go out to the courtroom any longer, nor will you escape my notice by trying to go out.

P H I L O K L E O N What’s this? But you will destroy me, not allowing me to go out.

Β D Ε L. You must stay here, Father, and obey me.

P H I L. But nevertheless I want to be a juror.

Β D Ε L. Get up, Father, since today you will be able to be a juror.

Section 9G 123 P H I L. But how will it be possible for me to be a juror if I stay here?

Β D Ε L. There will be a courtroom for you in your own house and you will be able to judge the members of the household.

P H I L. What do you say? But in what way and about what?

Β D E L. About many things. Come then. For you have many household slaves, but you know well that the slaves do not want to stop doing wrong, but are responsible for many bad things. So you must become a spy of the affairs which happen in the house. And it will be possible for you being a spy to discover these evils today, and having discovered them to exact justice. So wouldn’t you like to do this, and to force the household slaves to cease from their evils and become better?

P H I L. I certainly would like to. For you convince me with your words. But you have not yet said this, from where I shall be able to get the pay. Wouldn’t you like to reveal the matter?

Β D Ε L. You will get it from me.

P H I L. You speak well.

Β D Ε L. And you would be willing to do this?

P H I L. I would do this.

Β D Ε L. Hold on now. For I shall come quickly bringing the things of the lawcourt in my hands. By Zeus, I shall bring everything out.

The old man waits around, but the son goes into the house. After a short while Bdelykleon, on coming out, carries the things of the lawcourt in his hands with diffi culty.

Β D Ε L. Look. For at last I have brought out the things of the lawcourt.

P H I L. Indeed, have you brought out everything?

Β D E L. [Yes] by Zeus, I think at any rate that I have brought everything. And I have brought out this fi re, at least. Look, near the fi re there is some lentil soup for you.

P H I L. Hurrah, hurrah! For it will be possible for me to eat the lentil-soup while I am judging. And by Zeus I shall eat it, as it seems to me, with all eagerness, being clever at eating. But wanting what have you brought out the cockerel?

Β D E L. What? The cock will be able to wake you up with its voice. For the speeches of the prosecutors are long, and you are clever at sleeping, although sitting in the lawcourt.

Grammar

Make sure that you have learned the principal parts of the irregular verbs you have met in this section before you go on further, and check that you can recognise the aorist infi nitives active and middle.

9G

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4 ἄκουσον What is it? 2nd person singular of the aorist imperative. See GE p. 189, #198. Note this form of the aorist imperative active in -σον.

124 Section 9G

5 ἴθι See GE p. 191, #201 for the imperatives of εἰμί, εἶμι and οἶδα.

λέξον Another aorist imperative.

11 κάδων ἕνεκα There were two voting-urns, one for guilty and one for innocent. Jurors placed their pebbles in one or the other.

12 μὴ ἄπιθι μηδαμῶς, ἀλλ’ ἐμοὶ πιθοῦ καὶ ἄκουσον, ὦ πάτερ More imperatives. Note πιθοῦ, the 2nd person singular second aorist middle imperative from ἐπιθόμην.

14 ἔασον The -σον ending again from the aorist imperative of ἐάω.

17 παῦσαι 2nd person singular of the aorist imperative middle of παύω. The spelling is exactly the same as the aorist infi nitive active παῦσαι from ἔπαυσα, but the context will almost always make the meaning clear.

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24 ἡ κλεψύδρα The water clock was used to measure the time allowed for the prosecution speech and the defence speech.

32 παῦσαι See the note on line 17 above. Note all the other aorist imperatives that follow. The 2nd persons plural are much easier to recognise than the 2nd persons singular, because they are like the 2nd person plural of the aorist indicative, though without the augment.

34 κατηγορεῖτε The κατά- prefi x suggests ‘I speak against’, ‘prosecute’,

‘accuse’.

Translation for 9G

B D E L Y K L E O N Does everything please you, Father? Tell me.

P H I L O K L E O N Everything does indeed please me, know that well.

Β D E L. Therefore sit down, father. Look, I am calling the fi rst case.

P H I L. Don’t call the case, child, but listen.

Β D E L. Well, all right, I’m listening. What do you say? Go on, Father, speak.

P H I L. Where are the voting-urns? For I cannot place the vote without voting-urns, know it well.

The old man begins to run out.

Β D Ε L. Hey, you, where are you hurrying?

P H I L. I’m running out because of the urns.

Β D Ε L. Don’t go away in any way, but obey me and listen, Father.

P H I L. But, child, I must look for the voting-urns and place my vote. But let [me].

(Again begins to run out.)

Β D E L. Stop running out, Father, since I happen to have these cups. So don’t go away.

P H I L. Fine! For everything of the lawcourt is here – except –

Β D Ε L. Speak; what is it?

P H I L. Except the water clock. Where is the water clock? Bring it to me.

B D E L. Look!

(He shows his father’s chamber-pot.)

Exercises for section 9F–G 125 Speak, what is this? Do you not think that this chamber-pot is an excellent water clock? Everything is now here.

Sit down, then, Father, and stop worrying. Listen, slaves, and obey me, and bring out the fi re. You pray to all the gods, and after praying, prosecute.

After bringing out the fi re all the slaves go away, while those present pray to the gods.

Grammar

Make sure that you know these forms of the imperative before you go on to the next section.

EXERCISES FOR SECTION 9F–G