AS ABAP with Integrated ITS
Task 5: SAP GUI for HTML Using Integrated ITS
Set up and call the SAP GUI for HTML for the integrated ITS in AS ABAP.
1. Check whether the integrated ITS is active.
2. Verify that the ICF service /sap/bc/gui/sap/its/webgui is active and intended for calling the GUI.
3. Verify that the ICF service /sap/public/bc/its/mimes is active and that Not Specified is entered for the GUI link.
4. Start the SAP GUI for HTML from transaction SICF.
Can you start a transaction from the command field?
5. Optional: Change the service parameter ~noHeaderOkCode for the SAP GUI for HTML to 1 and note its effects.
Result
Users can log onto the SAP system with a Web browser and call transactions with the SAP GUI for HTML.
Solution 2: Administrative Work with the ICF
Task 1: Activating ICF Services
Figure 18: Complete Scenario of the Training Landscape
Activating and Calling ICF Services
1. In your ECC system, activate the ICF service /sap/bcincluding all subservices (if they are not yet active).
a) You are logged on to your ECC system with a SAP GUI.
b) Call the Maintain Services transaction SICF. Accept the default values and choose Execute.
c) Navigate to the /sap/bc node.
d) If this service has not yet been activated, right-click this node and choose Activate Service (or choose menu path Service/Host → Activate). Choose Yes (with the tree icon) to activate node /sap/bc and all of its subservices.
2. Call the following URL in a Web Browser (such as training room, VDI environment, Common Training WTS):
http://twdfSSSS.wdf.sap.corp:80$$/sap/bc/bsp/sap/it00 (example for group QCC and server twdf0042:
http://twdf0042.wdf.sap.corp:8010/sap/bc/bsp/sap/it00).
a) Enter the specified URL in your Web browser again and choose Enter.
b) Log on with the course user <CourseID>-##.
Note: BSP application it00 is a test application for BSP developers.
3. Within BSP application it00, start the function 7. MIMEs → 2. Accessing SAP Icons in MIME Repository. Note the Internet Server Cache (of the ICM that processed your request).
a) Within BSP application it00 (in the Web browser), navigate to the menu option 7. MIMEs → 2. Accessing SAP Icons in MIME Repository.
The system displays the SAP icons stored in the MIME repository (implemented in the AS ABAP database) as graphics in GIF format.
b) Start transaction SMICM on the application server whose ICM processed the previous request.
c) Choose Goto → HTTP Plug-In → Application Server → Server Cache
→ Display.
The system displays (with a preview option) the objects stored in the Internet Server Cache (ISC). If you now delete the temporary cache in your Web browser (in Internet Explorer choose Tools → Internet options
→ General → Delete → (select) Temporary Internet Files → Delete) and in the BSP application it00 you call the function MIMEs → Accessing SAP Icons in MIME Repository again, you can clearly see the difference between reading from the database and reading from the ISC.
4. Optional: From transaction SICF, start the Web Dynpro ABAP application/sap/bc/webdynpro/sap/OTHELLO.
a) Start the Maintain Services transaction SICF. Accept the default values and choose Execute.
b) Navigate to the /sap/bc/webdynpro/sap/OTHELLO node.
Alternatively, in the Filter area, as Service Name enter OTHELLO and Apply this filter.
c) Right-click the node and choose Test Service. When prompted, log on with your course user <CourseID>-##. Enjoy...
Result
All services under /sap/bc can now be called from the intranet and, if the network settings allow, from the internet.
Task 2: Creating an External Alias
Create a new ICF service as an external alias to an existing service.
1. Use the wizard to create new ICF service /ADM/myInfo that links to /sap/bc/icman/test01 as an external alias.
a) Call the Maintain Services transaction SICF. Accept the default values and choose Execute.
b) Choose External Aliases to switch to the Maintain axternal aliases screen.
c) Select default_host.
d) Choose Wizard – External Alias (magic wand icon), or alternatively menu path External Alias → Wizard – External Alias.
e) The wizard leads you through the following steps, whereby you access the following page by choosing Continue:
• First, information about external aliases appears.
• In the External Alias field, enter /ADM/myInfo and in the Description 1 field, enter a description of your choice.
• As the target handler, double-click the service /sap/bc/icman/test01 (you may need to expand the tree structure for this).
• Choose Complete.
2. Close all of your browser windows. What do you notice when you test the new service /ADM/myInfo in transaction SICF?
a) In the hierarchy display in transaction SICF (Maintain External Alias view), right-click your new node /ADM/myInfo and choose Test Ext. Alias.
b) Note: You must first log on (with your course user <CourseID>-##) before you can view the test page (including information on the instance name).
Note: If you are not prompted to enter your user details, close all of your browser windows.
3. For the /ADM/myInfo service, enter the logon data of the course user
<CourseID>-##assigned to you by the instructor.
a) In the hierarchy display in transaction SICF (Maintain external alias view), double-click your /ADM/myInfo node and switch to change mode.
b) On the Logon Data tab page, select Required with Logon Data from the Procedure dropdown box.
In the Logon Data area, enter the logon data for your course user
<CourseID>-##. Confirm the warning “If possible, do not use dialog users” and save your entries.
Note: In an operational scenario, enter users of type Service with appropriate authorizations.
4. Check that you can now call the /ADM/myInfo service without having to log on.
a) Close all of your browser windows.
b) In transaction SICF, right-click your external alias /ADM/myInfo and choose Test Ext. Alias again. The system should not prompt you to enter your user details.
Result
Your SAP system provides a new /ADM/myInfo service with saved logon data.
Task 3: Optional: Creating an Internal Reference (Internal Alias)
Creating a new service as an internal reference to an existing service.
1. Without using the wizard, create an independent (not: external) ICF service /ADM.
a) Call the Maintain Services transaction SICF. Accept the default values and choose Execute.
b) In the hierarchy display, right-click the top node default_host. Choose New Sub-Element (alternatively, menu path Service/Host → Create Service).
Confirm the message about the namespace concept.
c) In the Create a Service Element window, enter ADM as the name and choose Independent Service as the Type.
d) On the subsequent Create/Change a Service screen, enter a description.
Leave all other fields unchanged and save your changes (for the repository request choose Local Object). Confirm the warning that the new service cannot be accessed.
e) Go back one screen (to the hierarchy display in transaction SICF).
2. Without using the wizard, create an ICF service /ADM/myPing that links to /sap/public/ping as an internal reference.
Remember to activate your new service.
a) You are still in the Maintain Services transaction SICF.
b) In the service tree, right-click your new ADM node, and choose New Sub-Element.
c) Now create the element myPing as a Reference to Existing Service.
d) On the Create/Change a Service Call screen, enter a description text.
e) On the Alias Trgt tab page, navigate to the default_host/sap/public/ping node and double-click this line. Save your data and go back one screen (to the hierarchy display in transaction SICF).
f) To activate your changes, select the /ADM/myPing node in the service tree and choose Activate Link with the right mouse button. Confirm the query by choosing Yes.
3. Test the new /ADM/myPing service in transaction SICF.
a) In the hierarchy display in transaction SICF, right-click your new /ADM/myPing node and choose Test Link. The message “Server reached successfully” appears.
Hint: It may take a while for the SAP system to recognize the new alias. If the AS ABAP does not recognize the URL as a correct URL, try again later.
4. Optional: Determine all ICF services that link to the /sap/public/ping service.
a) In transaction SICF, navigate to the node /sap/public/ping. With the right mouse button, choose References to Service (alternatively menu path Service/Host → Alias References).
The system displays a list that contains all internal and external references that link to /sap/public/ping. Your entry, /ADM/myPing, also appears here.
Result
Your SAP system provides a new service, /ADM/myPing.
Task 4: ICF Recorder
Analysis of HTTP requests with the ICF recorder
1. Activate the ICF recorder for service /sap/bc/bsp/sap/it00. The recording should contain requests, responses, and failed logons, be relevant to all users, and be stored for one day.
a) In the hierarchy display in transaction SICF, select the /sap/bc/bsp/sap/it00 service with the left mouse button and choose menu path Edit → Recorder
→ Activate Recording.
b) In the Activate Recording dialog box, deselect the User-Dependent field.
In the Lifetime field, enter 1 day and 00:00:00 hours:minutes:seconds.
Under Recording Level, select the Logon field and the option Request+Response, and then choose Activate.
c) The red flag on the System Monitor Active pushbutton indicates the changed operation mode. If you choose this pushbutton, the Monitor Current System Settings dialog box appears with details.
2. Close all open Web browser windows.
Start the /sap/bc/bsp/sap/it00 service (either by using the test function in transaction SICF or by entering the URL in the Web browser) and log on with...
... an invalid user name.
... a valid user name but an incorrect password.
... a valid user name and password.
Once you have logged on successfully, call some of the functions.
a) See the task description.
3. Deactivate the ICF recorder
a) To deactivate the recording for /sap/bc/bsp/sap/it00 only, first select this service with the primary mouse button in transaction SICF.
b) Choose Edit → Recorder → Deactivate Recording.
c) Accept the entries in the Deactivate Recording dialog box and choose Deactivate.
Note: A list may appear containing the active recordings for the selected server. If so, choose Deactivate again.
d) Provided that no other recordings are active in the system, the pushbutton for the system status displays a green flag and the text System Monitor Inactive.
Hint: To determine the services for which a recording is active, simply choose Whole Application Server in the Deactivate Recording dialog box. The list that is displayed (that you can also cancel) contains a column with the monitored URLs.
4. Display the recorded requests and responses.
a) In the SICF Maintain service view, choose Edit → Recorder → Display Recording.
Note: Alternatively, start transaction SICFRECORDER.
b) To display an overview of all recordings, delete any entries in the Request Path field on the selection screen. Select Logon errors. Accept the remaining entries and choose Execute.
c) On the left of the screen, the system lists the services for which there are recordings. If you double-click an ICF service, the details of the requests and responses are displayed on the right of the screen.
Task 5: SAP GUI for HTML Using Integrated ITS
Set up and call the SAP GUI for HTML for the integrated ITS in AS ABAP.
1. Check whether the integrated ITS is active.
a) Check that profile parameter itsp/enable is set to 1, either by:
• Executing report RSPFPAR
• Executing report SITSPMON
• Calling transaction RZ11
Note that all of these approaches are instance-specific.
2. Verify that the ICF service /sap/bc/gui/sap/its/webgui is active and intended for calling the GUI.
a) Call the Maintain Services transaction SICF. Accept the default values and choose Execute.
b) Navigate to the service /sap/bc/gui/sap/its/webgui and activate it if necessary (click the right mouse button and choose Activate Service).
c) Double-click the service and make sure that the GUI Link field on the Service Data tab page contains the value Yes.
3. Verify that the ICF service /sap/public/bc/its/mimes is active and that Not Specified is entered for the GUI link.
a) Still in the Maintain Services transaction SICF, navigate to the service /sap/public/bc/its/mimes and activate it if necessary (click the right mouse button and choose Activate Service).
b) Double-click the service and make sure that the GUI Link field on the Service Data tab page contains the value Not specified.
4. Start the SAP GUI for HTML from transaction SICF.
Can you start a transaction from the command field?
a) In the hierarchy tree in transaction SICF, right-click the /sap/bc/gui/sap/its/webgui node and choose Test Service.
b) In the Web browser, log on to the SAP GUI for HTML with your course user <CourseID>-##. The system may display warnings about the logon procedure. If so, choose Log On and enter your details.
Choose the small triangle in the top-left of the screen to display the command field in which you can enter transaction codes.
Close all of your browser windows.
5. Optional: Change the service parameter ~noHeaderOkCode for the SAP GUI for HTML to 1 and note its effects.
a) Start the Maintain Services transaction SICF. Accept the default values and choose Execute.
b) Navigate to the service /sap/bc/gui/sap/its/webgui and double-click it. Switch to change mode. On the Service Data tab page, choose the pushbutton GUI Configuration.
c) In the Maintain Service Parameters dialog box, enter ~noHeaderOkCode in an empty row in the Parameter Name column, and enter 1 in the Value column.
Confirm your entries by choosing Copy Parameter Set.
d) On the Create/Change a Service screen, choose Save. If necessary, confirm a popup, create a new workbench request, select this request and leave the screen by choosing Back.
e) Start the SAP GUI for HTML from transaction SICF (as previously described).
f) Log onto the Web browser. You can no longer use the command field to navigate in this SAP system using the SAP GUI for HTML.
Result
Users can log onto the SAP system with a Web browser and call transactions with the SAP GUI for HTML.
Lesson Summary
You should now be able to:
• Explain the importance of the Internet Communication Framework (ICF) for handling HTTP requests
• Outline the interaction model
• Describe what constitutes an ICF service
• Activate and use the integrated ITS Related Information
• SAP NetWeaver 7.31 online documentation, path SAP NetWeaver Library:
Function-Oriented View → Application Server → Application Server Infrastructure → Connectivity → Components of SAP Communication
Technology → Communication Between ABAP and Non-ABAP Technologies → Internet Communication Framework
• SAP NetWeaver 7.31 online documentation, path SAP NetWeaver Library:
Function-Oriented View → Application Server → Application Server ABAP
→ UI Technologies in ABAP
• SAP NetWeaver 7.31 online documentation, path SAP NetWeaver Library:
Function-Oriented View → Application Server → Application Server ABAP → UI Technologies in ABAP → Further UI Technologies → Web UI Technology
→ SAP ITS in SAP NetWeaver Application Server
• SAP Note 517484: Inactive services in the ICF
• SAP Note 709038: SAP Integrated ITS
• SAP Note 698329: Integrated ITS, WEBGUI/IAC logon fails
• SAP Note 732218: ICF: Logon data from SICF is not transported.
• SAP Note 1088717: Active services for Web Dynpro ABAP in transaction SICF
• SAP Note 1498575: Mass processing of ICF services