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SATELLITE MULTIPLE ACCESSING ARRANGEMENTS

Item

s Definitions Terms

1

Also called as Multiple Destination, It implies that more than one user has access to one or more radio

channels within a satellite communications channel.

Multiple Accessing Arrangement:

Frequency-division multiple accessing (FDMA)

Time-division multiple accessing (TDMA)

Code-division multiple accessing (CDMA) Multiple

Accessing

2

A given number of the available voice-band channels from each earth station are assigned a dedicated destination.

Pre-assignment (dedicated) 3 Voice channels are assigned on an as-needed basis.

Demand Assignment

4

The method of assigning adjacent channels different electromagnetic polarizations and is possible by using orthogonal polarization and spacing adjacent channels

20 MHz apart. Frequency Reuse

5 Eskimo word meaning “little brother”. Anik

6 Domestic Satellites operated by Telsat Canada.

Anik-E

communications Satellite

7

A method of multiple accessing where a given RF

bandwidth is divided into smaller frequency bands. FDMA

8

Multiple channels per carrier formats assigned and remain fixed for a long Period of time.

Fixed-Assignment, Multiple

Access (FAMA)

9 Assigning carrier frequency on temporary basis using a statistical assignment process.

Demand-Assignment Multiple Access 10

An acronym for Single-channel-per-carrier PCM

multiple Access Demand-assignment Equipment. SPADE 11 Stands for Single-Carrier-Per-Channel. SCPC 12 A time division-multiplexed transmission that is

frequency division multiplexed. Common

Signaling Channel

(CSC)

13

The predominant Multiple-access method of time division multiplexing digitally modulated carriers between participating earth stations within a satellite

network through a common satellite transponder. TDMA

14

An RF-to-RF repeater that simply receives the earth station transmissions, amplifies them, and then

retransmits them in a downlink beam that is received by

all other participating station. Transponder

15

It is where transmissions from all earth stations are

synchronized. Reference Burst

16 It is where all receiving stations recover a frequency and phase coherent carrier for PSK demodulation.

Carrier Recovery Sequence

(CRS)

17

An acronym for, Conference of European Postal and Telecommunications Administrations, is commonly used

TDMA frame format for digital satellite system. CEPT

18

Sometimes referred to as Spread-Spectrum Multiple entire allocated bandwidth Access, the transmissions can spread throughout.

Code-Division Multiple Access CDMA)

19 A unique binary word that each earth station’s

transmissions are encoded. Chip Code

20 It compares two signals and recover the original data. Correlator

21

It assigns an individual terrestrial channel (TC) to a particular satellite channel (SC) for the duration of the call.

Digital non interpolated Interface

22

It assigns a terrestrial channel to a satellite channel only when speech energy is present on the TC.

Digital Speech Interpolated Interface

23

A form of analog channel compression that has been used for sub oceanic cables for many years.

Time-Assignment Speech

Interpolation (TASI)

24

The art or science of plotting, ascertaining or directing the course of movements, in other words, knowing

where you are and being able to find your way around. Navigation

25

It is the most ancient and rudimentary method of navigation and simply continuing to travel about until you reach your destination, assuming of course that you

have one. Wandering

26

Earliest effective means of navigation wherein direction and distance are determined from precisely timed sightings of celestial bodies, including the stars and

moon. Celestial

Navigation 27 Method of navigation by means of fixing a position and Piloting

direction with respect to familiar, significant landmarks such as railroad tracks, water towers, barns, mountains and bodies of water.

28 A navigation technique that determines position by

extrapolating a series of measured velocity increments. Dead Reckoning

29

The term derived from the word “deduced” and not necessarily from the fate of the people who used the

technique. Dead

30

He used dead reckoning successfully in 1927 during his

historic 33-hour transatlantic journey. Charles Lindbergh 31

She attempted to make the first around-the-world in

1937 using the dead reckoning technique. Amelia Earhart

32

Navigation technique wherein the position is determined by measuring the travel time of an electromagnetic

wave as it moves from a transmitter to a receiver. Radio Navigation 33 A radio Navigation system for terrestrial surface

broadcast. Decca

34 Radio Navigation system that provides global coverage

and terrestrial surface broadcast. Omega

35 Also a terrestrial surface broadcast. LORAN

36 Low-orbit satellite broadcast that provides global

coverage. Navy Transit GPS

37 Medium-orbit satellite broadcast also provides global

coverage. Navstar GPS

38

Means of radio navigation in which receivers acquire Coded signals from two pairs of high-powered, land based transmitters whose locations are precisely

known. LORAN

39 An acronym for Navigation System with Time and

Ranging. Navstar

40

An abbreviation for Global Positioning System.

Two levels of service or accuracy:

Standard Positioning Service

Precise Positioning Service GPS

41

A satellite-based open navigation system which simply means that it is available to anyone equipped with a GPS receiver.

Consists of three segments:

a space segment

a ground control segment

user segment Navstar GPS

42

It was when the Navstar declared as fully operational by

the U.S. Air Force Space Command. April 27, 1995 43

It was completed in 1994 and is maintained by the United States Air Force.

Navstar Satellite System

44

A positioning and timing service that is available to all GPS users on a continuous, worldwide basis with no direct change.

Standard Positioning Service

45

Sometimes called Space Segment, consists of 24operational satellites revolving around Earth in six orbital planes approximately 60° apart with four

satellites in each plane. Satellite Segment

46 It produces highly accurate timing signals for satellites.

Cesium Atomic Clock

47

A unique integer number that is used to encrypt the signal from that satellite.

Pseudorandom Noise

(PRN)

Code Number

48

A term associated with a table showing the position of a heavenly body on a number dates in a regular

sequence, in essence, an astronomical almanac. Ephemeris 49

Error in the receiver’s clock which affects the accuracy

of the time-difference measurement. Clock Bias Error

50

The Navstar control segment.

It consists of :

Fixed-location ground based monitor stations

Master Control Station

uplink transmitter

Operational Control System

51

It makes standard GPS more accurate. It works by cancelling out most of the natural and man-made errors

that creep into normal GPS measurements. Differential GPS