Full Scale System Feasibility and Design

This project has demonstrated that bridges are an advantageous location to deploy hydrokinetic turbines. At a commercial scale developers would want to build a much more powerful system to produce a meaningful amount of energy.

Various concepts for deploying tidal turbines at bridges could be explored. Examples of these potential concepts are shown in Figure 8.1 [86]. All of these designs would require bridge designers and a hydrokinetic energy device developer to work together from the beginning of a project. These designs are not suggested as retrofits to existing bridges but significant projects that would require the turbine to be considered from the start of the bridge design process. In doing this there are potential benefits that the bridge project provides to the tidal turbine deployment and vise versa.

The turbine could potentially help to sway public support for a controversial bridge project in energy progressive municipalities. The turbine could be used to increase the resilience of powered bridge operations thereby increasing the resilience of the transportation infrastructure by creating a local source of power generation.

that they not only defend the bridge from loose ships, but also serve to further accelerate the flow and create a one sided contraction. The turbine could then strategically be placed in this one sided contraction to increase performance.

Multiple turbines could be deployed across a bridge span section that boat traffic does not use. The two piers on each end of this bridge section would act as a two sided contraction for all of the turbines. Multiple large turbines could also be deployed between bridge piers. Crossflow turbines rectangular flow intercepting area allows them to efficiently use the space between two bridge piers compared to an axial flow device.

A large turbine could be built into a bridge pier and the bridge pier could be designed to act as a two sided contraction. This scenario enables the turbine to be sheltered from large debris, and also heavily relies upon the structural rigidity of the bridge pier.

These scenarios would all require further investigation. With larger turbines intercepting a higher percentage of the total tidal flow increased impact on the environment and existing use of the waterways can be expected. The environmental, societal, and economic effects of these devices are areas of research with numerous unanswered questions.

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APPENDIX A

SUGGESTED MAINTENANCE

This is an initial maintenance list developed based on the recommendations of manufacturers and expected wear. As more experience is gained in operating the system this maintenance list should be updated.