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Glossary
Allogeneic the use of someone else’s tissue
Allograft a transplant using matched donated tissue Anaemia shortage of red blood cells in the blood Anaesthetic drugs given to make a part of the body numb
(a local anaesthetic) or the whole body numb (a general anaesthetic)
Antibody a protein that kills off disease-causing cells or organisms such as bacteria
Autologous the use of a person’s own tissue
Autograft a transplant using the person’s own tissue Alopecia loss of hair
Bacteria small organisms, some of which can cause disease Biopsy a test which takes some cells to be looked at under a
microscope
Blood count a blood test that counts the different types of cells in your blood. This includes the red blood cells, the different types of white blood cells, and platelets Bone marrow spongy material at the centre of long bones which
produces the body’s blood cells
Central line a flexible tube which is inserted into a large vein in the chest; to allow chemotherapy to be given and blood to be taken through the one line
Chronic something that is long term and doesn’t go away completely
CMV ‘cytomegalovirus’ (CMV) is a common virus that is part of the herpes group of viruses, which can also cause cold sores
Conditioning refers to the chemotherapy or irradiation given immediately prior to a transplant
CT/CAT scan stands for ‘computed tomography’ or ‘computed axial tomography’ A test that gives a layered picture of the inside of the body
Day zero the day the transplant of the donor stem cells takes place
79 Engraftment the process of engrafted stem cells reproducing new
cells
Fine needle a test that takes some cells from a lump using an aspiration needle and syringe
Fungus a type of organism that can cause disease
G-CSF G-CSF is a special type of protien called a growth factor. It stimulates the bone marrow to make white blood cells
GVHD Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a complication which can occur after a donor stem cell transplant Haematologist a doctor specialising in diseases of the blood
and blood cells
Histology the study and description of diseased cells Immune system the parts of the body that fight off and prevent
infection Intravenous into a vein
Lymph the straw-coloured fluid that carries material through the lymphatic system
Lymphatic vessels the tubes that carry lymph and connect with the lymph nodes
Lymph node gland that forms a sieve in the lymphatic system.
Involved in fighting infection
Lymphoedema swelling caused by a blockage to the lymphatic system Monoclonal treatment that uses a manufactured antibody to fight
disease
MRI a test using magnetic rays to give a picture of the body. Stands for ‘magnetic resonance imaging’
MUGA scan a multigated acquisition scan (MUGA scan) is a test to check that your heart is pumping blood properly Neutropenia shortage of neutrophils in the blood. Neutrophils are
a type of white blood cell
Oncologist a doctor specialising in the treatment of cancer Pathologist a person who examines diseased tissues
PCP Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is an infection caused by Pneumocystis jiroveci (previously called Pneumocystis carini)
PET scan a positron-emission tomography (PET) scan is a type of scan which shows how body tissues are working as well as what they look like
Prognosis an estimate of the future course of an individual’s illness
Radiographer a person who takes X-rays or gives radiotherapy Radiologist a doctor who can interpret X-rays and scans Radiotherapist a doctor who specialises in radiotherapy
(sometimes called a clinical oncologist)
RIC allograft ‘reduced-intensity conditioning’ (RIC) is a new way of giving an allograft using relatively low doses of chemotherapy also known as a ‘mini-allograft’
Spleen a large organ that sits behind the stomach. Involved in the immune system, also removes worn out red blood cells
Stem cells immature cells; the precursers of different types of mature cells in the blood
Subcutaneous underneath the skin
Thrombocytopenia shortage of platelets in the blood. Platelets help to stop bleeding
Tissue typing is a group of procedures that determines the type of histocompatibility antigens on a person’s cells or tissues.
Total body irradiation a form of radiotherapy for patients about to
undergo a donor stem cell transplant
Transplant coordinator an experienced healthcare professional with particular knowledge of stem cell transplants Tumour markers chemicals produced by tumour cells
Virus a tiny organism that causes disease. Unlike bacteria, viruses are not made up of cells
VOD veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is a complication of a donor stem cell transplant. It is a condition in which some of the small veins of the liver are blocked