Single bars, bar groups, and meshes - Tekla Structures Detailing Manual

Tekla Structures includes the following tools to create single reinforcing bars, bar groups, and reinforcement meshes.

Command Icon Description

Reinforcing bar (p. 149) Creates a single reinforcing bar.

Reinforcing bar group (p. 150)

Creates a reinforcing bar group.

Curved reinforcing bar group (p. 152)

Creates a curved reinforcing bar group.

Circular reinforcing bar group (p. 153)

Creates a circular reinforcing bar group.

Reinforcement mesh (p.

154)

Creates a reinforcement mesh.

Reinforcement strand pattern (p. 156)

Creates prestressed strands.

Reinforcement splice (p.

159)

Joins reinforcing bars or reinforcing bar groups together with reinforcement splices.

Reinforcement mesh array in area (89)

Creates an array of overlapped reinforcement meshes.

Lifting anchor (80) Creates two lifting anchors or anchor groups for a concrete part.

Reinforcing bar

Synopsis This command creates a reinforcing bar.

Preconditions Create the part to reinforce.

Calculate the required area of reinforcement.

Description Tekla Structures creates the reinforcing bar using the properties in the Reinforcing bar properties dialog box. The filename extension of a saved bar properties file is rbr.

Usage 1. Double-click the Create reinforcing bar icon.

2. Enter or modify the bar properties.

3. Click Apply or OK to save the properties.

4. Select the part to reinforce. Tekla Structures attaches the bar to the part.

5. Pick the starting point of the bar.

Field Description More information

Series and Start no

The mark series of the bar. Numbering reinforcement (p.

147) Name The user-definable name of the

bar.

Basic reinforcement properties (p. 128) Size The diameter of the bar or a

mark defining it.

Grade The steel grade of the bar.

Bending radius

The internal radius of the bends in the bar.

Class Used to group reinforcement.

Shape The shape of the hook. Hooks (p. 129) Angle The angle of the custom hook.

Radius The internal bending radius of the standard or custom hook.

Length The length of the straight part of the standard or custom hook.

Cover thickness on plane

The distances from the part surfaces to the bar on the same plane as the bar.

Concrete cover (p.

131)

Cover

thickness from plane

The distance from the part surface to the bar, or bar end, perpendicular to the bar plane.

Start The concrete cover thickness or leg length at the first end of the bar.

End The concrete cover thickness or leg length at the second end of the bar.

7. Click the middle mouse button to finish picking.

See also Reinforcing bar group (p. 150) Working with reinforcement (p. 134)

Reinforcing bar group

Synopsis This command creates a reinforcing bar group.

Preconditions Create the part to reinforce.

Calculate the required area of reinforcement.

Description A reinforcing bar group includes several identical, or very similar, reinforcing bars. You first define the shape of a single bar, then the direction in which Tekla Structures distributes the bars.

Tekla Structures creates the reinforcing bar group using the properties in the Reinforcing bar properties dialog box. The filename extension of a saved bar group properties file is rbg.

Field Description More information

Series and Start no

The mark series of the bar. Numbering reinforcement (p.

147) Name The user-definable name of the

bar.

Basic reinforcement properties (p. 128) Size The diameter of the bar or a

mark defining it.

Grade The steel grade of the bar.

Bending radius

The internal radius of the bar bends.

Class Used to group reinforcement.

Shape The shape of the hook. Hooks (p. 129) Angle The angle of the custom hook.

Radius The internal bending radius of the standard or custom hook.

Length The length of the straight part of the standard or custom hook.

Cover thickness on plane

The distances from the part surfaces to the bar on the same plane as the bar.

Concrete cover (p.

131)

Cover

thickness from plane

The distance from the part surface to the bar, or bar end, perpendicular to the bar plane.

Start The concrete cover thickness or leg length at the first end of the bar.

End The concrete cover thickness or leg length at the second end of the bar.

Usage 1. Double-click the Create reinforcing bar group icon.

2. Enter or modify the bar group properties.

3. Click Apply or OK to save the properties.

4. Select the part to reinforce. Tekla Structures attaches the bar group to the part.

5. Pick the bar starting point.

6. Pick the other bar reference points.

7. Click the middle mouse button to finish picking.

8. Pick the starting point of the bar group.

9. Pick the end point of the bar group.

Tapered bar

group To create a tapered bar group:

1. Double-click the Create reinforcing bar group icon.

2. Enter or modify the bar group properties.

3. On the Group tab, select an option from the Bar group type list box:

1. Click Apply or OK.

2. Select the part to reinforce. Tekla Structures attaches the bar group to the part.

3. Pick points to define the shape of the bar at the first cross section. Click the middle mouse button to finish picking.

4. For the second and subsequent cross sections, pick points to define the shape of the bar.

Click the middle mouse button to finish picking.

User-defined

How to create the bar group. Spacing reinforcing bars (p. 132) Additional

actions

Omitting reinforcing bars (p. 132)

Tapered bar group (p. 151)

Field Description More information

Option Description

Normal Not tapered.

Tapered One bar dimension changes linearly in the group.

Tapered ridge One bar dimension changes linearly.

The dimension is longest in the middle of the group.

Tapered curved One bar dimension changes along a curve. The dimension is longest in the middle of the group.

Tapered N One bar dimension changes linearly between N ridges. Enter the number of ridges in the Number of cross sections field.

Spiral The reinforcing bars rise in a polygonal or circular shape along the longitudinal axis of the part.

If you select the Normal option, you only need to define bar shape and bar distribution length.

Spiral bar group To create a spiral bar group:

1. Double-click the Create reinforcing bar group icon.

2. Enter or modify the bar group properties.

3. On the Group tab, select Spiral from the Bar group type list box:

4. Click Apply or OK.

5. Select the part to reinforce. Tekla Structures attaches the bar group to the part.

6. Pick points to define the shape of the bar at the first cross section. Click the middle mouse button to finish picking.

7. For the second and subsequent cross sections, pick points to define the shape of the bar.

Click the middle mouse button to finish picking.

See also Reinforcement mesh (p. 154)

Working with reinforcement (p. 134) Curved reinforcing bar group (p. 152) Circular reinforcing bar group (p. 153)

Curved reinforcing bar group

Synopsis Creates a group of curved reinforcing bars.

Preconditions Create the part to reinforce.

Calculate the required area of reinforcement.

Description Tekla Structures creates the curved reinforcing bar group using the properties in the Reinforcing bar properties dialog box. See Reinforcing bar group (p. 150) for more information on the common properties in this dialog box.

Usage To create a curved bar group:

1. Double-click the Create curved reinforcing bar group icon.

If you change the type of a tapered bar group, Tekla Structures adjusts the number of handles. You can then drag handles to modify the group.

4. Select the part to reinforce. Tekla Structures attaches the bar group to the part.

5. Pick three points on an arc to define the curve:

6. Pick two points to indicate the distribution direction of the bars:

See also Working with reinforcement (p. 134) Reinforcing bar group (p. 150)

Circular reinforcing bar group (p. 153)

Circular reinforcing bar group

Synopsis Creates a group of circular reinforcing bars.

Preconditions Create the part to reinforce.

Calculate the required area of reinforcement.

Description Tekla Structures creates the circular reinforcing bar group using the properties in the Reinforcing bar properties dialog box. See Reinforcing bar group (p. 150) for more

Usage To create a circular bar group:

1. Double-click the Create circular reinforcing bar group icon.

2. Enter or modify the reinforcing bar group properties.

3. Click Apply or OK.

4. Select the part to reinforce. Tekla Structures attaches the bar group to the part.

5. Pick three points to define the circlular bars

6. Pick two points to indicate the distribution direction of the bars.

See also Working with reinforcement (p. 134) Reinforcing bar group (p. 150) Curved reinforcing bar group (p. 152)

Reinforcement mesh

Synopsis This command creates a reinforcement mesh.

Preconditions Create the part to reinforce.

Calculate the required area of reinforcement.

Description You can create the following types of reinforcement meshes:

•

Rectangular

•

Polygonal

•

Bent

Tekla Structures creates the reinforcement mesh using the properties in the Reinforcement Mesh Properties dialog box. The filename extension of a saved mesh properties file is rbm.

Field Description More information Prefix and

Start no

The mark series of the mesh. Numbering reinforcement (p.

147) Name The user-definable name of the

mesh.

Basic reinforcement properties (p. 128) Mesh Select a mesh from the mesh

catalog.

You can also use a customized mesh.

Meshes (p. 133) Customizing reinforcement meshes (p. 145) Grade The steel grade of the bars in the

mesh.

Basic reinforcement properties (p. 128) Class Used to group reinforcement.

Mesh type Width Length Bending radius

The shape of the mesh. Select Polygon, Rectangle, or Bent. For rectangular meshes, enter the width and length of the mesh.

For bent meshes, enter the bending radius.

Meshes (p. 133)

Cross bar location

Defines whether the crossing bars are located above or below the longitudinal bars.

Cut by father part cuts

Defines whether the polygon or part cuts in the part cut also the mesh.

Meshes (p. 133)

Cover thickness on plane

The distance from the part surface to the main bars on the same plane as the bars.

Concrete cover (p.

131)

Cover

thickness from plane

The distance from the part surface to the bar, or bar end, perpendicular to the bar plane.

Cover

thickness start

Thickness of concrete cover or leg length from the mesh starting point.

Cover thickness end

Thickness of concrete cover or leg length at the end point of the bar. Used for bent meshes.

User-defined Hooks tab The shape, angle, radius, and

length of hooks at the start and end of the crossing mesh bars.

Hooks (p. 129)

The properties of standard meshes are defined in the mesh_database.inp file, located in the ..\Tekla

Structures\<version>\environments\<environment>\

Usage Rectangular

To create a rectangular mesh:

1. Set the work plane parallel to the plane where you want to create the mesh.

2. Double-click the Create reinforcement mesh icon.

3. In the Mesh type list box, select Rectangle.

4. Enter or modify the mesh dimensions and the other properties.

5. Click Apply or OK to save the properties.

6. Select the part to reinforce. Tekla Structures attaches the mesh to the part.

7. Pick the starting point of the mesh.

8. Pick a point to indicate the direction of the longitudinal bars. Tekla Structures creates the mesh parallel to the work plane, to the left of the points you picked.

Polygonal

To create a polygonal mesh:

1. Double-click the Create reinforcement mesh icon.

2. In the Mesh type list box, select Polygon. 3. Enter or modify the mesh properties.

4. Click Apply or OK to save the properties.

5. Select the part to reinforce. Tekla Structures attaches the mesh to the part.

6. Pick the starting point of the mesh.

7. Pick the corner points of the mesh.

8. Click the middle mouse button to finish picking.

9. Pick two points to indicate the direction of the longitudinal bars.

Bent

To create a bent mesh:

1. Double-click the Create reinforcement mesh icon to open the Reinforcement Mesh Properties dialog box.

2. In the Mesh type list box, select Bent. 3. Enter the bending radius.

4. Enter or modify the other mesh properties.

5. Click Apply or OK to save the properties.

6. Click the Create reinforcement mesh icon.

7. Select the part to reinforce. Tekla Structures attaches the mesh to the part.

8. Pick points to indicate the bending shape of the crossing bars.

9. Click the middle mouse button to finish picking points.

10. Pick two points to indicate the length and direction of the longitudinal bars.

See also Working with reinforcement (p. 134)

Reinforcement strand pattern

Preconditions

Description Tekla Structures creates straight or deflected strands based on the strand profile you indicate using the properties in the Reinforcing bar properties dialog box.

Usage To create prestressed strands for a concrete part:

1. Double-click the Create reinforcement strand pattern icon.

2. Enter or modify the strand properties.

3. In the Number of cross sections field, enter a number based on the strand profile. For example:

Field Description More information

Series and Start no

The mark series of the bar. Numbering reinforcement (p.

147) Name The user-definable name of the

bar.

Basic reinforcement properties (p. 128) Size The diameter of the bar or a

mark defining it.

Grade The steel grade of the bar.

Bending radius

The internal radius of the bar bends.

Class Used to group reinforcement.

Pull per strand The pull per strand (kN).

Number of cross sections

Defines the number of cross sections of the strand pattern.

User-defined

Enter the strand number in this field. The strand number is the picking order number of the strand.

Enter the length of the debonding. If you select the Symmetry checkbox, values in fields From start and From Middle to start are copied to From end and Middle to end fields.

Symmetry Defines if the end and start lengths are symmetrical.

4. Define the lenghts of the debonding zones.

5. Click Apply or OK.

6. Click the Create reinforcement strand pattern icon.

7. Pick the part you are creating strands for.

8. Pick points to position the strands (for example, at the end of a part):

The points you pick define the first cross section. Click the middle mouse button to finish picking.

9. If you chose to create a single cross section, pick two points to define the length of the strands. Click the middle mouse button to finish picking.

10. If you chose to create two or more cross sections, for each cross section, pick points to indicate the strand positions. Pick the strand positions in the same order as for the first cross section. After each cross section, click the middle mouse button to finish picking.

Debonding

strands To debond strands:

1. Double-click the Create reinforcement strand pattern icon.

Strand profile

Number of patterns 1

4. Enter the strand numbers in the Debonded strands field. The strand number is the picking order number of the strand:

•

To set the same values for all the strands, enter all the strand numbers, separated by a space (e.g. 1 2 3 4).

•

To set separate values for each strand, click Add to add a new row, then enter the strand number in the Debonded strands field.

5. Define the debonded lengths:

•

To set symmetrical lengths, select the End lengths = start lengths checkbox and only enter values in the From start or Middle to start fields. Debonding lengths:

6. Click Modify and Apply.

Tekla Structures displays the debonded section of the strand in red in rendered views, or as a broken line in wire frame views.

Debonded strands appear as broken lines in drawings.

See also Working with reinforcement (p. 134) Reinforcing bar group (p. 150)

Reinforcement splice

This command joins reinforcing bars or reinforcing bar groups together with reinforcement splices.

Preconditions Create the reinforcing bars or bar groups to join. There can be a gap between them.

Description Tekla Structures creates the reinforcement splice using the current properties in the Reinforcement Splice Properties dialog box. The filename extension of a saved splice properties file is rsp.

Field Description More information

Joint type The type of the splice. The options are:

•

^{Lap right} the direction of the first reinforcing bar or bar group selected, Lap right to the direction of the second.

Lap both centers the lap between the bars or bar groups.

Usage 1. Click Detailing > Properties > Reinforcement > Reinforcement Splice.... 2. Enter or modify the splice properties.

3. Click Apply or OK to save the properties.

4. Click Detailing > Create Reinforcement > Reinforcement Splice. 5. Select the first reinforcing bar or bar group.

6. Select the second reinforcing bar or bar group.

Tekla Structures indicates reinforcement splices in the model using blue splice symbols:

If needed, you can move the splice along reinforcing bars.

To move the splice:

1. Select the splice symbol.

2. Right-click and select Move.

3. Pick an origin and a destination point for the splice.

Offset The offset of the splice center point from the point where the bars originally met.

Bar positions Defines whether the lapping bars are on top of each other or parallel to each other.

Field Description More information

4 Reinforcing bar bending types

Tekla Structures recognizes different reinforcing bar bending shapes and assigns bending type identifiers to them. The table below lists these reinforcing bar bending types.

If Tekla Structures does not recognize the shape of a reinforcing bar, it assigns the UNKNOWN bending type to it.

The bending type identifiers in the table below are internal, hard-coded types of Tekla Structures. The leg dimensions (D1, D2, etc.) and bending angles (A1, A2, etc.) of reinforcing bars are internal dimensions and angles. You can map internal types, for example, to country- or project-specific types, and internal dimensions and angles to specific template attributes.

You do this in the rebar_schedule_config.inp file. See Reinforcement in templates (p. 182).

Reinforcing bar bending dimensions are calculated so that the leg dimensions (D1, D2, etc.) follow the outer edge, or the edge extension, of the reinforcing bar. The total length is calculated according to the center line of the reinforcing bar.

The magenta points in the images represent the points you pick in the model when you create reinforcing bars.

Type Image

1 2_1

Requires standard bending radius.

2_2

3_1

3_2

4_2

4_3

4_4

5_1

5_2

Type Image

5_3

6_1

6_2

Requires 180 degree hook.

Type Image

D1 = Radius from center of circle to the center line of reinforcing bar.

Can also be modeled using hooks at both ends (i.e. model D1 and D5 using 90 degree hooks).

Requires 90 degree hooks at both ends.

14_2

Type Image

14_3

14_4

Requires 90 degree hooks at both ends.

14_5

Recognized when the start point and end point are in the same location and no hooks are used.

If XS_REBAR_RECOGNITION_HOOKS_CONSIDERATION is set to FALSE, reinforcing bars with hooks (types 14 and 48) are recognized as 14_5.

Requires hooks at both ends.

Type Image

16_1

16_2

20_1

Type Image

20_2

Requires 180 degree hooks at both ends.

Type Image

Requires 90 degree hooks at both ends.

Requires 180 degree hooks at both ends.

Requires 90 degree hooks at both ends.

29_2

29_3

29_4

Type Image

29_5

Requires 180 degree hooks at both ends.

Requires 90 degree hooks at both ends.

Requires 180 degree hooks at both ends.

32_2

Requires 90 degree hooks at both ends.

Type Image

Requires 180 degree hook.

36_2

Can also be modeled using hooks at both ends.

36_3

Can also be modeled using hooks at both ends.

Type Image

Requires 180 degree hook.

Requires 180 degree hook at one end and 90 degree hook at the other end.

38_2

Requires 180 degree hooks at both ends.

Requires 90 degree hooks at both ends.

Requires 180 degree hooks at both ends.

In document Tekla Structures Detailing Manual (Page 148-182)