Social Development Strategy .1 Educational Facilities

There are 5 kindergartens, 29 pre-schools, 55 primary schools, and 36 secondary schools in the planning area. Table 9 presents the projected growth in the number of educational institutions during the period 2015 – 2035, the development plan period. Guided by the established planning standards of kindergarten independent of primary school for every 3 000 persons in the population, one pre-school (nursery school) per 3 500 persons, a primary school for every 5 000 persons, and one secondary school for every 20 000 persons in the population, by 2015, a total of 49 kindergartens, 42 pre-primary schools, 29 primary schools and 7 secondary schools will be required in the planning area. This means that there will be a deficit of 44 kindergartens and 13 pre-schools but no additional primary and secondary schools will be required; the number of exiting primary and secondary schools will continue to surpass the thresholds required for the different periods throughout then development plan‘s lifespan.

For the projected demand for educational institutions for 2020 to be met, an additional four (4) kindergartens and three (3) pre-schools will be required; the existing primary and secondary schools will exceed the 2020 threshold. For 2025, three (3) additional kindergartens as well as pre-schools will be required. A similar number of additional institutions will be required for the two categories for 2030. Finally, by 2035 an additional four (4) kindergartens and three (3) pre-school will be required in the planning area.

Table 9: Projected Total Number of Educational Institutions, 2015-2035

Type of

Note: The bracketed figures represent the total number of institutions required during that year.

Other major challenges facing the provision of education in planning area are aging buildings and overcrowding in classrooms especially in public schools. To arrest this situation, it is proposed that the Nairobi City Council invests in the renewal (renovation) and the expansion of existing schools. However, the overcrowding problem could easily be addressed through the provision of more public schools; the planning area is currently dominated by private schools which tend to cater for students from outside the planning area. Not to forget that the few public schools found in the area tend to attract students from neighbouring middle and high density residential areas because they are considered to be of better quality and also because the residents of the planning area tend to send their children mainly to private schools. This raises the issue as to whether; additional public schools should be located here or in the neighbouring middle- and high-density residential areas from which students are drawn.

Land Requirements

Existing planning standards recommend 0.15 - 0.25 hectares of land for a kindergarten and pre-school. The standards also prescribe 3.25 hectares and 4.0 hectares as the required plot size for (3 stream) primary and secondary schools, respectively. Table 10 presents the projected land required to accommodate the additional educational institutions during the plan period, 2015 - 2035. As evident from the table, the total of 20.75 hectares of land will be required by the end of the plan period for additional educational institutions. Of this total 14.50 hectares will be for kindergartens while the remaining 6.25 hectares will be for pre-schools.

Table 10: Land (in Hectares) Required for Additional Educational Institutions, 2015-2035

Year Kindergartens Pre-schools Primary School Secondary School Total

2015 11.0 3.25 0 0 14.25

2020 1.0 0.75 0 0 1.75

2025 0.75 0.75 0 0 1.50

2030 0.75 0.75 0 0 1.50

2035 1.0 0.75 0 0 1.75

Total 14.50 6.25 0 0 20.75

4.1.2 Health Facilities

The major challenges facing healthcare delivery in the planning area include:

 Inadequate healthcare facilities.

 Inadequate funding: The budget for healthcare is 7% instead of the 15% as per the Bamako conference of 1978.

 Inadequate healthcare personnel; doctors, clinical officers, nurses, midwives etc.

The solution to the first challenge lies in the provision of additional healthcare facilities during the plan period. As can be deduced from Table 11, the planning area has a total of nine (9) health centres, excluding the privately run hospitals like MP Shah hospital, Aga Khan hospital, and Nairobi Women‘s hospital; there exists no District hospital in the area.

Planning standards prescribe one health centre and one District hospital for every 20 000 and 50 000 persons in the population, respectively. Table 12 presents the projected growth in the number of health centres and district hospitals in the planning area during the development plan period, 2015 - 2035. As can be deduced from the table, the area not requires any additional health centres but will require six (6) new district hospitals during the plan period.

Table 12: Projected Total Number of Healthcare Facilities, 2012-2035 Type of

Note: The bracketed figures represent the total number of institutions required during that year.

Land Requirements

Based on the existing planning standards, 0.4 hectares of land is required per health centre while a district hospital requires 8 hectares of land. Table 13 presents the projected land required to accommodate the additional health care facilities for the plan period, 2015 - 2035.

The table shows that to provide new district hospitals to the end of the plan period will require a total of 48 hectares of land.

Table 13: Land (in Hectares) Required for Additional Healthcare Facilities, 2015-2035 Year Health Centres District Hospitals Total

2015 0.0 40.0 40.0

2020 0.0 0.0 0.0

2025 0.0 0.0 0.0

2030 0.0 8.0 8.0

2035 0.0 0.0 0.0

Total 0.0 48.0 48.0

4.1.3 Community and Social Amenities

Existing planning standards recommend the provision of one (1) church for every 20 000 persons in the population, a police station for every 20 000 persons, one (1) post office per 50 000⁴ persons, a community centre for every 20 000 persons, a library facility per 20 000 persons, and a fire station for every 100 000 in the population. As evident from Table 15, the planning area will continue to have more than adequate churches and police posts but is deficient with regard to post offices, community centres, fire stations and libraries.

Specifically, the area will require the provision an additional three (3) post offices and seven (7) community centres as well the development of nine (9) new libraries and two (2) fire stations by the end of the plan period.

Table 15: Projected Number of Selected Social Amenities, 2015-2035 Type of Institutions ^Existing

Note: The bracketed figures represent the total number of institutions required during that year

Land Requirements

The land required to accommodate the additional social amenities required during the plan period is presented in Table 16. As evident from the table, a total of 8.4 hectares will be required as follows: 1.2 hectares for post offices, 2.8 hectares for community centres, 3.6 hectares for libraries, and 0.8 hectares for fire stations.

4 The planning standards require one (1) post office for every 40 0000 persons in the population. However, because of changes in communication technology (e.g. use of e-mail) the post office is playing a diminishing role in society and hence the decision to use 50 000 persons in the population.

Table 16: Land (in Hectares) Required for „Other‟ Social Amenities, 2015-2035 Year Churches Police

Stations

Post Offices

Community Centres

Libraries Fire Stations

Total

2015 0.0 0.0 0.8 2.0 2.8 0.4 6.0

2020 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.2

2025 0.0 0.0 ^{0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0}

2030 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.0 1.2

2035 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Total 0.0 0.0 1.2 2.8 3.6 0.8 8.4

4.2 Environmental Management Strategy