In this section, the study cases used in the research are introduced. This research strategy provides the opportunity to answer ‘how’ or ’why’ questions with little control on behalf of researcher over occurrence of events. Despite the previously discussed benefits of em- ploying this technique, the lack of rigor and challenges associated with data analysis are the most common limitations of the study cases (Saunders, et al., 2009).
Hereafter, the study cases are presented (see table 2). Each study case is identified and briefly summarize. In addition, information about the status of the implementation of the technology in the study case is given, as well as the potential use case of the framework that fits the most and the information sources employed in each study research.
Study cases
nº Case name Description Use case Status Resources
1 Natixis, IBM and Trafigura Commodity trading platform based on
blockchain for US crude oil transactions Trade finance
Proof of Concept completed Press release Newspapers Interviews Brochure White paper
2 BASF, Ahrma and Quantoz Smart pallets tracking system T&T First pilot completed Press release Newspapers
3 Agridigital and CBH group
Commodity trade platform based on blockchain, whin includes the creation
of digital title and supply chain traceability Trade finance T&T Smart contracts Pilot completed Platform in usage Press release Interviews Brochure Pilot results report 4 Wageningen University and TNO Certification and provenance of table
grapes from South Africa Certification Pilot study Pilot results report 5 Provenance, IPNLF and Humanity Reunited Tracking fish caught by fishermen with
verified social sustainability
Certification
T&T Pilot completed
Press release Newspapers White paper 6 Provenance and COOP Real-time data to prove the journey and
credentials of fresh produce T&T Pilot completed
Press release Newspapers
Webpage 7 Provenance and the Soil Association Interactive version of the Soil
Association mark Certification Pilot completed
Press release Newspapers
8 Provenance and FairFood
Using blockchain technology to track ethical claims, and digitally prove fair
trading practices
T&T Pilot completed
Press release Newspapers
Webpage
9
Wells Fargo, Commonwealth Bank of Australia, Brighann Cotton and Brighann
Cotton Marketing Australia helped by Skuchain
Trade transaction between two independent banks combining the emerging disruptive technologies of blockchain, smart contracts and IoT
Trade finance Smart Contracts
T&T
Proof of Concept com- pleted
Press release Newspapers Interviews
Brochure
10 BBVA and Wave
Using blockchain to automate the elec- tronic submission of documents in an import-export transaction between Eu-
rope and Latin America
Trade finance Pilot completed Newspapers Interviews
11 Walmart and IBM
Collecting data about the origin, safety and authenticity of food, using blockchain technology to provide real-time traceability throughout the
supply chain
T&T Pilot completed
Press release Newspapers Interviews
Brochure
12 IBM and MAERSK
Trading network platform, real time exchange of original supply chain events
and documents Documentation management in transportation Pilot completed Joint Venture Press release Newspapers Interviews Brochure 13 Marine Transport International Container Streams system T&T PoC completed
Press release Newspapers Whitepaper
14 PIL, PSA and IBM
Tracking and management between the companies to keep track of all the ships
and containers Documentation management in transportation Business operations management
PoC Completed Press release Newspapers
15 HMM, Samsung SDS and IBM
Blockchain was employed for not only paperwork but also tracking cargo, all the way from shipment booking to cargo
delivery. Real-time monitoring and managing of the reefer containers on
the vessel was enabled as well
T&T Documentation management in transportation Business operations management
Pilot Completed Press release Newspapers
16 Dnata, Emirates Innovation Lab, IBM and flydubai Cargo
Blockchain system for recording the handoff of cargo throughout the SC
Documentation management in transportation
PoC Completed Press release Newspapers 17 Bolero and R3 Electronic bill of lading (eBL) application Trade finance PoC Completed Press release
Newspapers 18 IBM and AOS Truck-Tracking Solution T&T Prototype Press release
Newspapers
19 SMFG, SMBC, JRI, Mitsui & Co. , MOL, MIS and IBM Japan
Blockchain application to digitally record and share among participants a wide variety of documents, including trade agreements and logistics/insurance
documents Trade finance Documentation management in transportation Demostration test completed Press release Newspapers
20 Air France KLM and RAMCO aviation Managing replacement parts on
in-service airplanes MRO Demostration test
Press release Newspapers
Webinar
21 IBM: IoT and Blockchain for avionics
Blockchain used as a ledger to record flight events, operation conditions, and maintenance actions, and make the logs
available
MRO Proof of Concept
Press release Newspapers
Video
22 SmartLog Kouvola innovation Operational information management system
Business Operations
Management Pilot programme
Press release Newspapers
23 T-mining and NxtPort Secure Container Release
Smart contracts Business Operations
Management
Pilot completed Press release Newspapers
24 Port logistics Blockchain technology in application to port logistics Trade finance Smart Contracts T&T Documentation management in transportation
Explorative research Master thesis
25 Renault, VISEO and Microsoft Digital car maintenance log based on
blockchain MRO Prototype
Press release Newspapers 26 Martine Jarlgaard and Provenance
Enabling brands to provide verified information about the materials, processes and people behind products
T&T PoC
Press release Newspapers
Webpage
27 The MediLedger Project Medicines tracking system T&T Pilot programme
Press release Newspapers
Webpage Results report 28 Bayern AG.
Benefits and guidelines for utilizing blockchain technology in phar-
maceutical supply chains
Smart contracts
T&T Explorative research Master thesis