Figura 1: Prueba de Actividad Antifungica frente a Fusarium oxysporum. (A) Anverso, (B) Reverso. (+): Control positivo Terbinafrina 2,5 mg/ml; (-): Control negativo buffer fosfato; S: Extracto Crudo de Semillas; H: Extracto Crudo de
Hojas.
Figura 2: Prueba de Actividad Antifungica frente a Colletotrichum sp. (A) Anverso, (B) Reverso. C+: Control positivo Terbinafrina 2,5 mg/ml; C-: Control negativo buffer fosfato; S: Extracto Crudo de Semillas; H: Extracto Crudo de Hojas.
Figura 3: Prueba de Actividad Antifungica frente a Botrytis sp. (A) Anverso, (B) Reverso. C+: Control positivo Terbinafrina 2,5 mg/ml; C-: Control negativo buffer fosfato; S: Extracto Crudo de Semillas; H: Extracto Crudo de Hojas.
10. BIBLIOGRAFIA:
1. Velluti A, Sanchis V, Ramos A, Egido J, Marin S. Inhibitory effect of cinnamon, clove, lemongrass, oregano and palmarose essential oils on growth and fumonisin B1 production by Fusarium proliferatum in maize grain. International Journal of Food Microbiology.2003; 89, 145-154.
2. Lopez A, Hudson B, Towers G. Antiviral and antimicrobial activities of Colombian medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2001; 77, 189-
196
3. Díaz S, Correa A. Dos especies nuevas de Conyza (Asteraceae, Astereae) originarias de Colombia.Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas. 2001; 25 (95): 179-182.
4. Bernal R, Rodriguez A, Galeano G, Sarmiento H, Gutiérrez M. Nombres comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. [En línea] http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/buscador/bnc_plants/vie w/4372. consultado el 10 de mayo de 2012.
5. Peñalosa P, Betancur J, Franco P. Chisacá, un recorrido por los Paramos Andinos. Segunda edición. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. Bogotá, Colombia. 2005, 65p.
6. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales. COL000066647 - Conyza trihecatactis (S.F.
Blake) Cuatrec. – Asteraceae. [En línea]
http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/ICN/?controlador=ShowObject&accion=sh ow&id=174552. Consultado el 23 de septiembre de 2011.
7. Torrenegra R, Robles J, Waibel R, Löwell M, Achenbach H. Diterpenes and diterpene xylosides from Conyza trihecatactis. The international journal of plant biochemistry.1993; 35: 195-199.
8. Tafur J, Torres J, Villegas M. Mecanismos de resistencia a los antibióticos en bacterias Gram negativas. Asociación colombiana de infectología. 2008;
12: 217-226.
9. Tavares L, Santos M, Viccini L, Morira J, Miller R, Franco O. Biotechnological potential of antimicrobial peptides from flowers. Peptides. 2008; 29, 1842-1851.
10. Domingo D, López M. Plantas con acción antimicrobiana. Revista Española de quimioterapia. 2003; 16 (4): 385-393.
11. Sels J, Mathys J, Coninck B, Cammue B, Bolle M. Plant pathogenesis- related (PR) proteins: A focus on Pr peptides. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2008; 46, 941-950
12. Rotem S, Mor A. Antimicrobial peptide mimics for improved therapeutic properties. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2009; 1788, 1582-1592
13. Singh P. Plant extracts for the control of bacterial growth:Efficacy, stability and safety issues for food application. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2012; 156, 7-17.
14. Juneja V, Sofos J. Pathogens and Toxins in Foods: challenges and interventions. ASM Press. Washington, Estados Unidos. 2010, 71- 71,95,119-122, 333 p.
15. Saenz Y, Briñas L, Dominguez E, Ruiz J, Zarazaga M, Vila J, Torres C. Mechanisms of Resistance in Multiple-Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains of Human, Animal, and Food Origins. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2004; 48 (10): 3996-4001.
16. Wolff K, Goldsmith L, Katz S, Gilchrest B, Paller A, Leffell D. Fitzpatrick Dermatologia en Medicina General. Séptima edición. Panamericana. Madrid, España. 2009, 1710 p.
17. Fravel D, Olivain C, Alabouvette C. Fusarium oxysporum and its biocontrol. New phytologist. 2003; 157 (3): 493-502.
18. Gutierrez O, Nieto D, Gutierrez J. Caracteristicas Morfológicas, Culturales y Patogenicidad de Aislamientos de Coletotrichum spp. Obtenidos de frutos de Guayaba (Psidium guajava L.). Mexical Journal of Phytopatology. 2002;
20 (1): 24-30.
19. McKay S, Freeman S, Minz D, Maymon M. Morphological, Genetic, and Pathogenic Characterization of Colletotrichum acuatum, the cause of Anthracnose of Almond in Australia. Ecology and Epidemiology. 2009; 99
(8): 985-995.
20. Williamson B, Tudzynski B, Tudzynski P, Van Kan J. Botrytis cinerea: the cause of grey mould disease. Molecular Plant Pathology. 2007; 8 (5): 561-
580.
21. Cano J, Marroquin J, Taxonomia de plantas superiores. primera edición. TRILLAS. México D.F, México. 1994, 305 p.
22. Rosenberg I. Protein analysis and Purification. Segunda edición. Birkhäuser. Boston, Estados Unidos. 1996, 143-149 p.
23. Thiellement H, Zivy M, Damerval C, Mechin V. Plant Proteomics: methods and protocols. Humana Press. New Jersey. 2007, 9-13 p.
24. Lodish H, Berk A, Matsudaira P, Kaiser C, Krieger M, Scott M, Zipursky L, Darnell J. Biologia Celular y Molecular. Quinta edición. Panamericana. Argentina. 2005, 87p.
25. Schagger H. Protocol Tricine-SDS-PAGE.Nature Protocols.2006; 1 (1): 16-
22.
26. Heiss S, Wachter A, Bogs J, Cobbett C, Rausch T. Phytochelatin synthase (PCS) protein is induced in Brassica juncea leaves after prolonged Cd exposure. Journal of Experimental Botany. 2003; 54 (389): 1833-1839.
27. Liu C, Wang H, Cui Z, He X, Wang X, Zeng X, Ma H. Optimization of extraction and isolation for 11S and 7S globulins of soybean seed storage protein. Food Chemistry. 2007; 102, 1310-1316.
28. Ribeiro S, Agizzio A, Machado O, Neves A, Oliveira M, Fernandes K, Carvalho A, Perales J, Gomes V. A new peptide of melon seeds shows sequence homology with vicilin: Partial characterization and antifungal activity. Scientia Horticulture. 2007; 111, 399-405.
29. Walker J. Plant pathology. Segunda edición. OMEGA. Barcelona, España. 1973, 292-297p
30. Xiang X, Ning S, Jian X, Gong X, Zhu R, Wei D. Protein Extraction Methods for Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis from Baphicacanthus cusia (Ness)Bremek Leaves –A Medicinal Plant with High Contents of Interfering Compounds. Agricultural Sciences. 2010, 9 (10):1530-1537.
31. Michail M, Vasiliadou M, Zotos A. Partial purification and comparison of precipitation techniques of proteolytic enzymes from trout (Salmo gairdnerii) heads. Food Chemistry. 2006; 97, 50-55.
32. Osborn R, Samblanx G, Thevissen K, Goderis I, Torrekens S, Leuven F, Attenborough, Rees S, Broekaert W. Isolation and characterization of plant defensins from seeds of Asteraceae Fabaceae, Hippocastanaceae and Saxifragaceae. FEBS Letters.1995, 368; 257-262.
33. Arcan I, Yemenicioglu A. Antioxidant activity of protein extracsts from heat- treated or thermally processed chickpeas and white beans. Food Chemistry. 2007; 103, 301-312.
34. Haq A, Lobo P, Al-Tufail M, Rama N, Al-sedairy S. Immunomodulatory effect of Nigeria sativa proteins fractionated by ion exchange chromatography. International Journal of Immunopharmacology. 1999, 21, 283-295.
35. Kelemu S, Cardona C, Segura C. Antimicrobial and insecticidal protein isolated from seeds of Clitoria ternatea, a tropical forage legume. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2004; 42, 867-873.
36. Awotunde O, Sugjska E, Zolnierowicz S, Musynska G. Characterization of two portein phsophate 2ª holoenzymes from maize seedlings. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 200; 1480, 65-76.
37. Laemmli U, Claeavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970; 227 (15): 680-685.
38. Rojas J, Garcia A, López A. Evaluación de dos metodologías para determinar la actividad antimicrobiana de plantas medicinales. Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas 2005; 4:
28-32.
39. KlanČnik A, Piskernik S, Jersek B, Mozina S. Evaluation of diffusion and dilution methods to determine the antibacterial activity of plant extracts. Journal of Microbiological Methods. 2010, 81, 121-126.
40. Sussman M. Escherichia coli. Mechanism of virulence. Cambridge University Press. United Kingdom. 1997, 3-4p.
41. Winn W, Allen S, Janda W, Koneman E, Procop G, Schrenckenberger P, Woods G. Koneman. Diagnostico Microbiológico; Texto y Atlas en color. Sexta edicion. Panamericana. Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2008, 731p.
42. Cui Y, Yi D, Bai X, Sun B, Zhao Y, Zhang Y. Ginkgolide B produced endophytic fungus (Fusarium oxysporum) isolated from Ginkgo biloa. Fitoterapia. 2012, doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2012.04.009.
43. Lopez S, Munaut F, Stappen V, Scheldeman X, Damme V. Diversity studies in the interaction between Colletotrichum gloesporioides and its host plant Stylosanthes spp. In Mexico. Technical report of Biodiversity International. Roma, Italia. 2007, 7-8p.
44. Thermo Scientific. Pierce Microplate BCA Protein Assay Kit-Reducing Agent Compatible.
45. Hafiz A. Principles and Reactions of protein extraction purification, and characterization. CRC Press. Washington, USA. 1959, 4p
46. Ishtiaq M, Mumtaz , Wang Y, Yiyu C, Mehmood T, Ashraf M. Proteins a Biomarkers for Taxonomic Identification of Traditional Chienese Medicines (TCMs) from Subsection Rectae Genus Clematis from China. World Applied Science Journal. 2010, 8, 62-70.
47. Rajalingam D, Loftis C, Xu J, Kumar K. Trichloroacetic acid-induced protein precipitation involves the reversible association of a stable partially structured intermediate. Protein science. 2009, 18, 980-993.
48. Lin P, Bun T. A novel and exploitable antifungal peptide from lake (Brassica alboglabra) seeds. Peptides. 2008,29,1664-1671.
49. Koay S, Gam L. Methods development for analysis of proteins extracted from the leaves of Orthosiphon aristatus. Journal Chromatography B. 2011,
879, 2179-2183.
50. Ogras T, Ipeckci Z, Bajrovic K, Gozukirmizi N. Antibacterial activity of seed proteins of Robinia pseudoacacia. Fitoterapia. 2005, 76, 67-72.
51. Roca W, Mroginski L. Cultivo de Tejidos en la Agricultura. Fundamentos y Aplicaciones.CIAT. Cali, Colombia. 1993, 724p.