Supply chain from the point of view of companies

The results of the third questionnaire enabled to obtain information of three e-commerce companies that are addressed to national and international public. They provided information about their characteristics, the problems they experimented in some areas and the strategies they follow. These areas are storage and inventory management, reception and order management, logistic activities (preparation, packaging…), transport and distribution, and management of incidents.

The first one is an shop that sells swimwear and its valuadded is that this e-commerce offers the possibility of customizing the colours, the patterns and the shapes of its products. This company considers that transport and distribution and management of incidents are a bit problematic. Sometimes, there are delays in deliveries and loss of packages and these aspects must be improved. However, other aspects such as storage and inventory management, reception and order management and logistics activities, they believe that are no problematic for this e-commerce.

This e-shop doesn’t keep products in stock because customization doesn’t allow to do it. It doesn’t have any distribution centres. The e-commerce sends the products via post-offices or via transport companies and the delivery is at home. The strategy of the company according to the aspects previously mentioned are:

Table 11. Strategy followed by the first e-commerce (created by the author)

In-house In-house In-house Outsourcing In-house

The second e-commerce analysed offers a service. It consists in renting routers to have Internet connection everywhere during a certain period. After this period, the router must be returned. This company reflects that transport and distribution are not problematic. However, it considers that storage inventory management, reception and order management, logistics activities and management of incidents are a bit problematic.

In general, the e-commerce believes that the whole process is complex, therefore it is constantly being improved.

This company has warehouses to keep its products (routers), so it keeps stocks and three distribution centres are used in the network. Any product is sent via post-offices.

All the products are sent via transport companies and the delivery time is one day. For this reason, this company considers that the worst problem is that they need to rely on the delivery company for the arrival in time. The ways of delivering the products are the following ones: delivery at home, delivery at a transport agency, collection at a physic shop belonging to the e-commerce and collection in a pick-up point outside the store and the carrier. This e-commerce follows this strategy:

Table 12. Strategy followed by the second e-commerce (created by the author)

Storage and

In-house In-house In-house Outsourcing Combination The third and last e-commerce evaluated sells objects and spare parts for automobiles. The main problems that this company has are related to storage and inventory management. This e-shop considers that reception and order management, logistics activities, transport and distribution and management of incidents are not problematic.

This company use its own warehouses to keep the stock of products and it works with the stock of suppliers as well. It doesn’t have any distribution centres. This e-shop sends products via post-offices or via transport companies. The delivery can be done in different ways: delivery at home, delivery at a transport agency, collection at a physic shop belonging to the e-commerce or collection in a pick-up point outside the store and the carrier. This company makes an exhaustive control with the process of distribution of merchandise. Their strategies are shown in Table 13.

Table 13. Strategy followed by the third e-commerce (created by the author)

Storage and inventory management

Reception and order management

Logistic activities

Transport and distribution

Management of incidents

In-house In-house In-house Outsourcing In-house

CONCLUSIONS

Based on all the analysis of e-commerce and supply chain, the research and the model that has been proposed, the following assumptions are identified.

Theoretical material in available information sources about e-commerces and supply chain has been analysed. E-business and commerce are different concepts: commerce is a part of business and marketing and logistics are key points in an e-business. Logistics problems appear when the commerce is online and some e-logistics solutions must be implemented. According to Lithuanian LPI, it shows that Lithuania must improve logistics system in their companies. Moreover, e-commerce models according to some classifications have been described and Business-to-Consumer is the most common model. E-commerce platforms should have some features to achieve a high quality and efficiency website of e-commerce and thus e-commerce can succeed.

The impact of e-commerce in the world has been analysed empirically. This allowed to notice that the number of people who buy and sell products or services through Internet is continuously increasing. In addition, some Lithuanian e-commerces have been studied. The satisfaction of these e-commerces is good but delivery time and the price of products should be improved.

Finally, a proposition for choosing the right type of supply chain for different areas of a certain e-commerce has been created. This has been possible thanks to some experts that contributed to it. These results, in other words, the model itself will be useful for any e-commerce who has troubles deciding which supply chain model should their company stablish. Furthermore, three different e-commerces allowed to know how their supply chain is, explained the problems they found related to supply chain and detailed their strategy. It is noticed that these e-commerces, in some areas, follow the strategy proposed in the model according to their type of e-commerce, but not in all of them. Thus, they could change their strategy and focus on the considerations made by experts to improve their supply chain.

To sum up, the main objective of the thesis has been satisfactorily achieved and the necessary tasks to accomplish it as well.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First, I would especially like to thank Vida Davidavičienė for accepting being the director of my thesis and for trusting on me. I am very grateful for having the opportunity to work with her. Thanks for your support, time and always good advice and recommendations to improve this project.

Thanks to Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) for giving me the opportunity of doing my Master thesis abroad and also thanks to Vilniaus Gedimino Technikos Universitetas (VGTU) and especially to Department of Business Technologies of Faculty of Business Management to let me study and learn in this institution.

I would also like to thank ESN VGTU and all the friends I met here in Lithuania for helping me to adapt in this experience and made me feel like home. Especially thanks to my flatmates who gave me support and support when I needed.

And finally, thousands thanks to my parents, my boyfriend and my Spanish friends for all the support they gave me during all the Master’s degree and during the Erasmus period despite the distance.

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