4 Project Information
4.2 Summary of Work
4.2.9 Task 9 – Develop, Test, and Evaluate Toolkit
In order to facilitate the distribution of information and tools which were developed as part of this research, an online Water Distribution Systems Toolkit website or toolkit was developed (i.e.
www.uky.edu/WDST). The Water Distribution Systems Toolkit (WDST) can assist water utilities in designing a monitoring/control system for their water distribution system that will provide water distribution system data for use in support of various system operations. Such data could include both general operational data as determined from either real time telemetry or off-line computer models, or on-line data (including data from both hydraulic and water quality sensors).
Operational applications could include 1) energy management, 2) water quality management, 3) emergency response management, and 4) event detection.
The operational support data, information, and tools that have been developed as part of this project have been arranged in an operational hierarchy that can be visualized in a ladder of components, in which each rung on the ladder is dependent upon the previous rung. The three basic components or rungs included in the operational decision support system are illustrated below in Figure 5. These include 1) Hardware: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA), 2) Software: Graphical representation and analysis 3) Hardware/Software Integration:
Analytics and Modeling.
32 | P a g e
FIGURE 5. COMPONENTS OF THE WDST
The WDST was developed to allow the user to access the different operational components through two different methods or paths: 1) an explicit decisional response path that uses a conventional website which allows the user to search for information based on their own needs and preferences, and 2) an implicit evolving decisional response path which uses an expert system inference engine to guide the user through the research content in response to the answers to preference questions that are posed by the expert system (see Figure 6). The explicit response path is supported through a conventional website that can be accessed through the Operational Guidance link on the WDST website. The implicit response path is supported through a stand-alone WDS Wizard that can either be run on the web or on an Android cell phone. The WDS Wizard can be accessed through the Operational Wizard link on the WDST website. In addition to providing links to the Operational Guidance and the Operation Wizard, the WDST also provides links to other related websites.
Following the development of the Toolkit, the software was tested by each of the three utility partners: Northern Kentucky Water District, (May 27, 2014), Paris Kentucky, (June, 12, 2014) and Nicholasville, Kentucky (June 25, 2014).
Hardware:
Sensors and SCADA Software:
Graphical Representation and Analysis Hardware/Software Integration:
Analytics and Modeling
33 | P a g e 4.2.5.1 Summary of Task Objectives
• Develop an on-line toolkit that will provide users access to project related results and tools as related to 1) hardware, 2) software, and 3) hardware/software integration content.
• Develop an Operational Guidance website that will provide user directed access to the project related tools and content
• Develop an Water Wizard expert system that will provide user guided access to the project related tools and content
4.2.5.2 Significant Accomplishments
• The results from the various research projects were synthesized and summarized via the on-line toolkit.
• The Operational Guidance website was developed
• The Water Wizard expert system was developed.
4.2.5.3 Products and Deliverables
• Operational Toolkit: www.uky.edu/WDST
• Operational Guidance Website: www.uky.edu/WDST/Operational_Guidance.html
• Water Wizard: www.water-wizard.org/en
• D9.1 Template of the Operational Toolkit
• D9.2.1 User's Manual for Beta Version of the Operational Toolkit - Implicit Model
• D9.2.2 User's Manual for Beta Version of the Operational Toolkit -Explicit Model
• A.5 Abdoul Oubeidillah, Andrew Ernest, Joseph Gutenson, Jana Fattic, Lindell Ormsbee Operational Toolkit for a Water Distribution System Operational Decision Support Tool, AWWA Security Conference, Itasca, Illinois, September 15, 2013.
4.2.5.5 Future Directions
• The Operational Toolkit and Operational Guidance website will continue to be maintained by the Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute
• The Water Wizard will be maintained and marketed by Open Environment, LLC
34 | P a g e
FIGURE 6. WDST ARCHITECTURE
User
Question
Data & Facts
Explicit Decisional Response:
Predetermined Decision Tree
Implicit Decisional Response:
Traditional Expert System
Model Results Model
Results
Responses/Recommendations
Fact Sheets Reports WebLinks Water Distribution System
Operational Toolkit:
www.uky.edu/WDST
Explicit Operational Guidance:
( i.e. Operational Guidance) www.uky.edu/WDST/
Operational_Guidance.html
Implicit Operational Guidance:
(i.e. Operational Wizard)
www.water-wizard.org/en/wizards/wds/
35 | P a g e 4.2.10 TASK 10 – TEST AND EVALUATE SOFTWARE WITH UTILITY PARTNERS Once the operational toolkit and graphical flow distribution model were finalized, they were tested by the three utility partners. Based on the results of this evaluation, changes in the software or supporting documentation were made.
4.2.5.1 Summary of Task Objectives
• Once the toolkit was developed, the toolkit was tested by the three utility partners.
4.2.5.2 Significant Accomplishments
• During the development, the toolkit was tested by the three project utility partners (see Table 5) and their feedback was used in making revisions to the final project. The final draft version of the toolkit was then tested during a utility workshop that was held on August 20, 2014 at the University of Kentucky. A list of the workshop participants is provided in Table 6. The overall consensus of the participants was that the toolkit was very useful.
TABLE 5. UTILITY PARTNER WORKSHOPS
Utility Name Date of Utility Workshop
Northern Kentucky Water District 5/07/2014
Paris Water Utility 6/12/2014
Nicholasville Water Utility 6/25/2014
TABLE 6. UTILITY WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS
Utility Name Number of
Customers Average Day Demand (MG)
Bath County Water District 3,717 0.95
Bardstown Municipal Water
Department 11,039 3.95
Laurel Water District #2 5,881 1.17
Leitchfield Utilities 2,821 1.55
Morehead Utility Plant Board 3,356 4.22
Morehead State University 6,501 0.31
Kentucky-American Water Co. 104,836 30.05
Carrollton Utilities 1,623 0.74
36 | P a g e 4.2.5.3 Products and Deliverables
• D10.1.1 Operational Toolkit Evaluation Report
• D10.1.2 NKYWD Workshop Presentation (5-27-014)
• D10.1.3 Paris Workshop Presentation (6-12-14)
• D10.1.4 Nicholasville Workshop Presentation (6-25-14) 4.2.5.4 Significant Findings
• Each utility provided valuable feedback about the toolkit, which allowed the research team to make modifications to the content and structure of the toolkit in order to make it more functional.
4.2.11 TASK 11 – VALIDATE SOFTWARE THROUGH UTILITY WORKSHOP
Once the operational toolkit and graphical flow distribution model were finalized, a utility workshop was held in which a selected number of utilities were invited to participate. During the workshop, participants were guided through the use of both technologies. At the conclusion, feedback were solicited from the participants and incorporated into the software or supporting documentation.
4.2.5.1 Summary of Task Objectives
• Conduct a utility workshop involving a range of utility sizes to test and validate the Operational Toolkit.
4.2.5.2 Significant Accomplishments
• A full day workshop was conducted on August 22, 2014.
4.2.5.3 Products and Deliverables
• Final Operational Toolkit (www.uky.edu/WDST)
• D.11.1.1 Operational Toolkit Validation Report
• D.11.1.2 Utility Workshop Presentation (8-22-14)
• D11.2.1 Advisory Board Toolkit Assessment Report
• D11.2.2 Advisory Board Presentation (9-22-14)
• D11.3 Final Operational Toolkit Report 4.2.5.4 Significant Findings
• At least 70% indicated they would likely use the website.
• The smaller utilities did not have a computer program – but all indicated an interest in the partnership/student intern program.
• 100% of the respondents saw potential use of the Graphical Flow Model (GFM) for their utility.
• 70% indicated that being able to analyze water quality with GFM would be a useful feature.
• The majority of the participants found the hands-on workshop with the GFM to be the most useful part of the workshop.
37 | P a g e
• 70% indicated water quality modeling was important.
• Most utilities have a historical SCADA database.
• 70% indicated real time modeling was important.
4.2.5.5 Future Directions
• The KWRRI has initiated a utility partnership program to help small utilities develop computer models of their water distribution systems
4.2.12 TASK 12 – PREPARE FINALREPORT This report constitutes the deliverable for this project milestone.
38 | P a g e 4.3 PROJECT DELIVERABLES
Deliverable or
Milestone # Title Description Date
Delivered 1.0 Execution of
Contract Initiate first milestone
payment to begin project 3/30/2011 1.1 Advisory Board
Mission Statement Define mission and objectives
for Advisory Board 6/23/2011 1.2 Advisory Board
Guidance Document Summary of guidance received from the first each of the selected utilities describing roles and
responsibilities of the partnership
8/10/2011
4.1 Physical Model
Design Report summarizing the design for the physical scale model for the selected water distribution system
2/17/2012
3.1 Utility Survey Survey to be distributed to utilities for use in
determining: 1) type of hydraulic model used (if any), 2) nature of hydraulic and water quality sensors used, and 3) nature of telemetry or SCADA system
5/17/2013
4.2 Physical Model
Construction Report Description of the physical model and operational protocols
2/17/2012
6.1 Utility Partner Data
Report Report summarizing the physical and operational characteristics of each of the three utilities
2/29/2012
6.2 Sampling QAPP Quality Assurance Plan for field work in support of calibration of water distribution systems
12/10/2011
39 | P a g e Deliverable or
Milestone # Title Description Date
Delivered 4.3 Physical Model
Analysis Report Description of the physical model and the associated analyses
12/11/2012
6.3 Hydraulic
Calibration Reports Report documenting the hydraulic calibration of the SCADA system for the large utility along with an analysis of the historical database
6/18/2013
6.4 Water Quality
Calibration Report Report documenting the water quality calibration of the medium sized system
12/11/2012
5.1 Graphical Flow
Distribution Model Software with supporting documentation that will allow user to build graphical
representation of water distribution system and visualize distribution of flows across the system for a given set of boundary conditions
12/11/2012
9.1 Template of the
Operational Toolkit Report describing the
template and structure of the proposed Operational Toolkit and water quality sensors for use by water utilities in operating their water distribution systems along with guidance for using in real-time operations.
6/13/2013
9.2 Beta Version of
Operational Toolkit Beta Version of the
Operational Toolkit 6/26/2013 8.2 Sensor Placement
Guidance Report Guidance document for placement of hydraulic sensors incorporating results of flow dynamics model and operational constraints of the results of the detailed analysis comparing SCADA
4/08/2014
40 | P a g e
Report Report summarizing the feedback from the utility partners
7/16/2014
11.1 Toolkit Validation
Report Report summarizing the results of the validation
Toolkit Software and supporting
user’s manual 2/13/2015
12.1 Final Reporting Provide administrative reporting required for the closure of the project
4/1/2015
4.4 PROJECT PUBLICATIONS
In addition to the previous project reports, the research has generated the following publications:
Journal Publications
4. J.4 Schal, S., Bryson, S., Ormsbee, L., "Sensor Placement Guidance for Small Utilities", ASCE Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management (submitted for publication).
3. J.3 Schal., S., Bryson, S., Ormsbee, L., "A Simplified Procedure for Sensor Placement Guidance for Small Utilities," ASCE Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management (submitted for publication).
2. J.2 Schal, S., Bryson, S., Ormsbee, L., (2013) "A Graphical Procedure for Sensor Placement Guidance for Small Utilities", AWWA Journal, Vol. 106 (10), http://dx.doi.org/10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0093.
1. J.1 Jolly, M., Lothes, A., Bryson, S., Ormsbee, L., (2013) Research Database of Water Distribution System Models, ASCE Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management.
10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000352.
41 | P a g e Proceeding Papers
7. P.7 Hoagland, S., Ormsbee, L., Classification of Water Distribution Systems for Research Applications 2015 World Environmental and Water Resources Congress, ASCE, Austin, TX, May 17-21, 2015.
6. P.6 Walton, R., Yost, S., Ormsbee, L. (2013) Organizing Water Distribution System Data in A Dynamic Web Database, 2013 World Environmental and Water Resources Congress, ASCE, Cincinnati, OH, 20-22 May 2013.
5. P.5 Walton, R., Yost, S., Ormsbee, L., Bryson, S., (2013) Cloud Based Mobile Data Collection for Small Utilities, 2013 World Environmental and Water Resources Congress, ASCE, Cincinnati, OH, 20-22 May 2013.
4. P.4 Schal, S. Lothes, A, Bryson, L.S., Ormsbee, L. (2013). “Water Quality Sensor Placement Guidance using TEVA SPOT,” 2013 World Environmental and Water Resources Congress, ASCE, Cincinnati, OH, 20-22 May 2013
3. P.3 Goodin, J., Yost, S., Bryson, S., Ormsbee, L., (2013) Organizing/Planning/Executing a Grab Sampling Tracer Study for a Small to Medium Sized Water Utility: Lessons Learned,” 2013 World Environmental and Water Resources Congress, ASCE, Cincinnati, OH, 20-22 May 2013.
2. P.2 Ashby, C., Jolly, M., Yost, S., Ormsbee, L. “Comparison of Computer Models with Physical Models for Hydraulics and Water Quality, ASCE.EWRI World Environmental & Water Resources Congress 2012, Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 21-24, 2012.
1. P.1 Goodin, J., Wood, D., Albritton, B., Ormsbee, L. “A Graphical Flow Distribution Model for Small Utilities, ASCE.EWRI World Environmental & Water Resources Congress 2012, Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 21-24, 2012.
Published Abstracts
5. A.5 Abdoul Oubeidillah, Andrew Ernest, Joseph Gutenson, Jana Fattic, Lindell Ormsbee Operational Toolkit for a Water Distribution System Operational Decision Support Tool, AWWA Security Conference, Itasca, Illinois, September 15, 2013.
4. A.4 Walton, R., Schal, S., Yost, S., Ormsbee, L. (2013) Hydraulic Calibration of a Water Distribution System Model, 2013 World Environmental and Water Resources Congress, ASCE, Cincinnati, OH, 20-22 May 2013
3. A.3 Jolly, M., Lothes, A., Bryson, L, Ormsbee, L. “Research Database of Water Distribution Models, ASCE.EWRI World Environmental & Water Resources Congress 2012, Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 21-24, 2012.
2. A.2 Lothes, A., Bryson, L., Ormsbee, L. “Sensitivity Analysis of Select Parameter in TEVA-SPOT, ASCE.EWRI World Environmental & Water Resources Congress 2012, Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 21-24, 2012.
42 | P a g e 1. A.1 Kaldenbach, J., Ormsbee, L. “Automated Segmentation Analysis of Water Distribution
Systems, ASCE.EWRI World Environmental & Water Resources Congress 2012, Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 21-24, 2012.
4.5 RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS AND COOPERATIONS
This research project involved collaborations with three additional universities (Western Kentucky University, The University of Missouri, and the University of Cincinnati) and a private Kentucky based company (KYPIPE LLC). The distribution of effort among the collaborating partners is illustrated in Table 3. Each partner was selected based on their own particular expertise relative to meeting the objectives of the project. Midway through the project, Dr. Andrew Ernest, Co-PI through a contract with Western Kentucky University, left WKU to assume the directorship of the University of Alabama Environmental Institute. As a result, a separate subcontract was established with the University of Alabama in order to facilitate completion of the tasks originally scoped for WKU.
43 | P a g e 4.6 TECHNOLOGY READINESS ASSESSMENT
This research project is categorized by the Basic Research and the Applied Research program types as described in Appendix C: Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) of the NIHS KCI Proposal Template.
4.6.1 PERFORMANCE LEVEL OF THE COMPLETED WORK
This project involved twelve different tasks, each of which were mapped to a specific Technology Readiness Level (TRL). The Technology Readiness Levels specific to each project Task of the research are listed in Table 7. A summary of the interrelationships of the tasks is shown in Figure 2.
TABLE 7. TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVEL FOR EACH PROJECT TASK
Technology Readiness Level Task in Project1 Description Level 1 – Basic Principles
Observed and Reported Task 1 – Establishment of an Advisory Group
Task 2 – Select Water Utility Partners
Initiate project and refine scope of work
Work with the advisory group to identify three utilities to partner in the project Level 2 – Technology concept
and Application Formulation Task 3 – Survey SCADA systems for use in water distribution systems and
Level 3 – Analytical and Experimental Critical Function and Characteristic Proof of Concept
Task 4 – Build laboratory scale hydraulic model of selected water distribution system (medium utility)
Task 5 – Develop Graphical Flow Dynamics Model
Construct physical model of skeletonized water distribution network in UK hydraulic laboratory. Use the model to simulate the flow conditions of the actual system.
Develop a graphical user interface which will allow utilities to build a graphical schematic of their distribution system using pre-existing GIS data to display the flow
distribution across the network for a given set of operational conditions. Apply the model to each of the systems of the selected utility partners.
Level 4 – Component or breadboard validation in laboratory environment
Task 6 – Develop and calibrate hydraulic and water quality models for small and medium sized utilities respectively.
Develop and calibrate
hydraulic models of a small and medium sized water utility in order to identify data quality requirements and to develop
44 | P a g e Technology Readiness Level Task in Project1 Description
Task 7 – Evaluate Real-Time Model Using Historic SCADA Data
Task 8 – Develop Sensor Placement Guidance
data collection protocols.
Develop and calibrate water quality model of a medium sized water utility in order to identify data quality
requirements and to develop data collection protocols.
Develop laboratory scale model of a medium sized utility water distribution system and
evaluate the reliability of existing hydraulic and water quality software.
Test the efficacy and resiliency of the real-time
hydraulic/water quality model using historic SCADA data from the large system utility partner in order to determine the sensitivity of water quality predictions to network flow dynamics.
Develop guidance for optimal placement of flow and pressure sensors based on results of flow dynamics model and operational constraints of the utility. Use the guidance to recommend hydraulic and water quality sensor placement for the small and medium sized utility respectively.
Level 5 – Component or breadboard validation in relevant environment
Task 9 – Develop Toolkit Develop a decision-making toolkit which will allow utilities to select the appropriate level of operational tools in support of their operational needs.
Level 6 – System model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environment
Task 10 – Test and Evaluate Toolkit
Task 11 – Test and validate Toolkit
Test the efficacy and resiliency of the toolkit prototype with each of the three utility partners.
Conduct one day workshop with selected utilities to validate the toolkit
45 | P a g e Technology Readiness Level Task in Project1 Description
Task 12 – Write Report Synthesize and summarize the results of these research efforts.
1Detailed descriptions of the Project Tasks are provided in Section 4.2 4.6.2 REQUIREMENTS TO ACHIEVE TRL 9
This research ended at Technology Readiness Level 6 with the testing and evaluation of a prototype toolkit in both simulated and controlled environments. The toolkit allows utilities to select the appropriate level of technology in support of their operational needs and provides guidance with regard to sensor placement and emergency response. The estimated work required to achieve Technology Readiness Level 9 includes:
TRL 7 Distribute toolkit and graphical flow distribution software to selected utilities (e.g. with smaller sized water distribution systems). Use graphical flow distribution software to generate computerized schematics of selected water distribution systems along with flow distribution realizations. Use toolkit to assist in the placement of additional hydraulic monitoring sensors in support of normal operations and the development of a baseline hydraulic model. This objective is currently being pursued through a partnership between the University of Kentucky, KYPIPE, and several smaller water utilities in Kentucky (e.g. Paris Kentucky) as well as the KY/TN AWWA and the KSWOA.
TRL 8 Use the operational toolkit to facilitate upgrading of operational technologies of selected water utilizes (e.g. with medium size water distribution systems). Such operational technologies would include water quality models of the distribution systems along with an operational SCADA system that supports both hydraulic and water quality sensors. This objective is currently being pursued through a partnership between the University of Kentucky, KYPIPE, and several medium water utilities in Kentucky (e.g. Nicholasville, Kentucky) and through Open Engineering, LLC, and several medium size water utilities in Alabama.
TRL 9 Use the operational toolkit to facilitate the upgrading of the operational technologies of selected water utilities (e.g. with larger distribution systems) to support integration of a SCADA database with real time water distribution models (both hydraulic and water quality) for use in supporting normal system operations as well as detection of water quality anomalies that may be caused by accidental or intentional contamination incidents. This objective is currently being pursued through a partnership with CitiLogics, LLC, and several larger water distribution systems across the United States (e.g. Northern Kentucky Water District).
5 COMMERCIALIZATION PLAN
This research effort has produced several potential commercial products:
1. A graphical flow model
2. A water quality sensor location tool
3. Water Wizard - an expert system based operational guidance tool
46 | P a g e 4. EPANET-RTX
5. Water Distribution System Toolkit
The graphical flow model (i.e. GFM) and the water quality sensor location tool are both currently being marketed by KYPIPE, LLC. Water Wizard is currently being marketed through a partnership with Open Engineering, LLC. EPANET-RTX is being marketed through a partnership with CitiLogics, LLC, which also provides consulting services to those water utilities desiring to use real-time analytics and real-time modeling in support of their system operations. The Water Distribution System Toolkit, is currently being maintained by the University of Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, with no current plans to commercialize the site.
47 | P a g e
6 REFERENCES
1. Aditya Tadakaluru, Karla M. Andrew, Mostafa Mostafa, and Andrew Ernest. 2005.
"GeoExpert A Framework for Data Quality in Spatial Databases" CIMCA/IAWTIC 2:
"GeoExpert A Framework for Data Quality in Spatial Databases" CIMCA/IAWTIC 2: