Template: 97 CLI Tips

One o the Junos developer gurus contributed 97 CLI tips. While some are covered elsewhere, they are duplicated here in their entirety

because they make such a handy reerence.

C

Use conguration groups to represent common pieces o conguration and to reduce the size o your conguration le.

Use the re0 and re1 conguration groups to restrict conguration to a particular routing engine.

Use conguration groups to group related conguration statements.

Use conguration groups to supply deault values.

Use thedisplay inheritanceCLI pipe to show where conguration groups are inherited.

In conguration mode, use thedisplay detailCLI pipe to show more inormation about the congured values.

In conguration mode, use the^comparepipe to display dierences between the candidate conguration and the committed conguration.

Use CTRL-R in the CLI to search the command line history or a matching command.

Use ESC-/ in the CLI to expand strings into matching words rom the command line history.

Use the^annotatecommand to add comments to your conguration.

Use^#in the beginning o a line in command scripts to cause the rest o 

the line to be ignored.

Usehelp syslog to show more inormation about syslog messages.

Usehelp aproposto show commands related to a topic.

Use^{help topic}to display Junos documentation on a topic.

Usehelp referenceto display the Junos reerence documentation on a topic.

Use CLI pipes to display more inormation about commands, control the automore eature, save CLI output, and more.

Use thedisplay xmlCLI pipe to show the equivalent XML output or any CLI command.

Use the^no-moreCLI pipe to disable the CLI’s^morecapability and let the multiple pages o output scroll without stopping.

Use the^matchCLI pipe to display lines matching a pattern.

Use the^exceptCLI pipe to display lines that do not match a pattern.

Use the^saveCLI pipe to save output to a local or remote le.

Use the^countCLI pipe to count the number o lines in the output.

Use multiple CLI pipes to build complex commands. For example:

show interfaces | match Description | count.

When displaying a subset o lines using the matchorexceptCLI pipes, type^'C'at the more prompt to display all lines.

Type^'G'at the more prompt to jump to the bottom o the output.

Type^'g'at the more prompt to jump to the top o the output.

Type^'b'at the more prompt to go backwards one page.

72 DayOne:JunosTips,Techniques,andTemplates2011

Type '^/' at the more prompt to search or a string in the rest o the output.

Type '^?' at the more prompt to search backwards or a string.

Type^'s'at the more prompt to save the current display to a le or url.

Type^'N'at the more prompt to turn the more o or the rest o the current command.

Type^'h'at the more prompt to display help inormation.

Use the^holdCLI pipe to hold the cli at the more prompt at the bottom o the output. This is useul when displaying less than one screen o 

data.

Type^'m'at the more prompt to give additional regular expressions against which to match output.

Type^'e'at the more prompt to give additional regular expressions against which to exclude output.

When hunting through large log les, use the^'m'and^'e'keys to iteratively rene your search by discarding irrelevant lines.

Use the TAB key to autocomplete interace names in operational mode.

Use the TAB key to autocomplete CLI commands.

Use the^rollbackcommand to restore previous congurations.

In conguration mode, type^{rollback ?}to see when previous congu-rations were committed, and by whom.

Use the^rollbackcommand to discard uncommitted changes by reloading the most recently committed conguration.

In conguration mode, the^statuscommand displays who is editing the conguration and where in the hierarchy they are working.

Useconfigure privateto edit a private copy o the conguration, so your work will be unaected by others editing the conguration.

Useconfigure exclusiveto ensure you are the only one editing the conguration. Other users are blocked rom making changes.

In conguration mode, use the^copycommand to replicate congura-tion statements.

In conguration mode, use the^insertcommand to insert a new conguration into existing lists.

In conguration mode, use the^renamecommand to give conguration a new identier. For example,rename interface 0/0/1 to fe-0/0/2.

In conguration mode, thedeletecommand with no arguments will delete the entire conguration hierarchy under the current location.

Use commit checkto check conguration or correctness without making it active.

In conguration mode, usequit configuration-modeto exit congura-tion mode rom any level o the hierarchy.

Use a URL to load conguration using tp. For example,^{load merge}

ftp://user:password@host/filename.

Use a URL to load conguration using http. For example,^{load merge}

http://user:password@host/filename.

Use a URL to save output using tp. For example,show route summary

| save ftp://user:password@host/filename.

Useuser@host: syntaxto save output using scp. For example,^show

route summary | save user@host:filename.

Use a: to save output to the PCMCIA card. For example,^{show route}

summary | save a:filename.

Use b: to save output to the second (conguration) partition on the PCMCIA card. For example,show configuration | save b:filename. Use re0: and re1: to save output to the other routing engine. For

example,show route summary | save re1:filename.

On EX-series platorms in a Virtual Chassis conguration, you can use

pc0:, pc1:, pc2:, etc. to save les to the appropriate member switch.

In conguration mode, the^[edit]banner displays the current location in the conguration hierarchy.

Usecommit confirmedto ensure that conguration changes do not disconnect the router rom the network.

Use the^monitorcommand to monitor system log les or changes.

Use themonitor interfacecommand to display real-time interace statistics.

Use therequest system logoutcommand to orcibly log a user out o 

the router.

74 DayOne:JunosTips,Techniques,andTemplates2011

Userequest system snapshotto make a snapshot o the running system on the hard disk drive (or other alternate media).

Use the^deactivatecommand to mark conguration statements inactive. The statements stay in the conguration, but are eectively commented out.

Use the^activatecommand to clear the inactive marker rom congu-ration statements. This is the opposite o the^deactivatecommand.

Use^topto get to the top o the conguration hierarchy. Use^upto move up one level, andup <count>to move up a number o levels.

Usetop <cmd>to issue a command at the top o the conguration hierarchy without moving the current edit point. You can useup <n>

<cmd>also.

Usetop edit <path>to move to a conguration statement relative to the top o the hierarchy.

Useup <n> edit <path>to move to a conguration relative to the statement^<n>levels above the current edit point.

Usecommit at <time>to perorm a commit automatically at a desig-nated time. You can useclear committo cancel a scheduled commit.

Usecommit syncto keep conguration les synchronized between master and slave routing engines.

Usecommit and-quitto exit conguration mode ater the commit has succeeded. I the commit ails you are let in conguration mode.

Usecommit comment <text>to add a log message to this commit.

Useload <style> terminalto load statements rom the terminal using cut-n-paste. Use Control-D to mark the end o data.

Use^{load patch}to load structured patch les that ollow the unied patch style;show | comparegenerates this style.

Useshow configuration | match { to see a quick overview o your conguration hierarchy. Use 'C' at the more prompt to clear the match.

Userequest system software validate to validate the incoming sotware against the current conguration without impacting the running system.

Userequest message user <foo>to send a text message to one user.

Userequest message allto send to all current users.

Userequest messageCLI pipe to replicate output o show commands to other users.

Use the^resolveCLI pipe to resolve IP addresses into hostnames.

In operational mode, use show cli historyto view previously execut-ed commands.

Userun <command>to run operational mode commands rom congu-ration mode.

In conguration mode, userun show cli historyto view previously executed commands.

Useshow configuration | except SECRET-DATA to exclude congura-tion statements tagged with the line comment marking them as

sensitive.

Use theapply-groupsstatement at any level o the conguration hierarchy to inherit conguration statements rom a conguration group.

Use theapply-groups-exceptstatement at any level except the top level o the conguration hierarchy to turn o inheritance o congu-ration statements rom congucongu-ration groups.

Use the^apply-pathstatement to dene a prex list containing prexes extracted rom any conguration path.

Use thehelp tip clito see more CLI tips.

Use the conguration statement[system login class <name> login-tip] to turn on CLI tips or a login class.

Use wildcarded identiers in conguration groups to allow one statement to be applied in multiple locations.

Use the^matchand^exceptCLI pipelines with themonitor start

command to automatically lter logging output.

Use Escape-Q to toggle log output on the current terminal. Excessive log output can make typing dicult.

Use thewildcard deletecommand in conguration mode to delete a number o interaces using a regular expression. The regular expres-sion is used to match the interace names.

Useload merge <filename>with^relativeoption to avoid having to type the complete conguration hierarchy.

76 DayOne:JunosTips,Techniques,andTemplates2011

Include theconfigurationstatement at the [system archival] hierar-chy level to have the router automatically copy conguration les to a FTP or SCP server.

Use^M-.to insert last word o the previous command. Repeat^M-.to scroll through last word o each command in the history. To do the same or Nth word, precede^M-.with^M-n.

One quick note: In this tip, the submitter uses the notation^M-x.This notation is telling you to hold down your meta key and press t he x key.

What is your meta key? I you are an Emacs power-user, you already know how to handle this. For most people with Windows PCs, you can press and release the Escape key, and then press the x key. On some (or most?) Sun keyboards, you may use the diamond key as the meta key. For other platorms, well, you can submit your own tip or the next edition o this book. ; )

Use the^replacecommand in conguration mode to globally replace a pattern with a new character string. The pattern can be a regular expression.

As noted elsewhere, the regular expression matches just the user-sup-plied identier and not surrounding keywords. (So,^10\.210\.38\.12$

would match the neighbor IP address 10.210.38.12.)

In document Day One - Junos Tips, Techniques (Page 73-79)