Examination: Part-III, Year: 2011
Course No Course Title Marks / Unit
THEORY COURSES : Honours Courses GEB-301 Recombinant DNA Technology and Cell
Signaling 75(¾Unit)
GEB -302 Plant Cell and Tissue Culture 75(¾Unit) GEB -303 Biotechnology for Crop Protection 75(¾Unit)
GEB -304 Animal Biotechnology 75(¾Unit)
GEB -305 Molecular and Microbial Genetics 75(½Unit)
GEB -306 Cytogenetics 75(½Unit)
GEB -307 Biostatistics and Experimental Design 75(½Unit)
GEB -308 Plant Breeding-II 75(¾Unit)
GEB -309 Animal Breeding 75(¾Unit)
GEB-310 Population Genetics 50(½Unit)
PRACTICAL COURSES: Honours
GEB -311 Covering Courses 301.302 & 303 50(½Unit) GEB -312 Covering Courses 304.308 & 309 50(½Unit) GEB -313 Covering Courses 305 & 306 50(½Unit) GEB -314 Covering Courses 307 & 310 50(½Unit)
Class assessment: Tutorial / class attendance / Field report of Excursion (40+10+25)
75(¾Unit)
Viva-voce 50(½Unit)
1050 (10.5 Unit)
GEB-301
Recombinant DNA Technology and Cell Signaling
Full Marks: Theory 60 + Tutorial 15 = 75 (3/4 Unit) Time: 4 Hours
1. DNA/RNA probe for different molecular Biology techniques: Southern Blotting.
Northern blotting, Western Blotting.
2. DNA sequencing methods.
3. Gene library: Construction of cDNA library and genomic library. Screening of gene libraries screening by DNA hybridization immunological assay and protein activity.
4. Recombinant protein production in E. coli: Vectors for protein expression in E. coli.
Over expression of recombinant proteins; Metabolic load. Fusion proteins. Purification of fusion protein.
5. Recombinant protein production in yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression systems. S. cerevisiae vectors.
6. Mammalian cell expression vectors: Selectable markers; Two-vector expression system two-gene expression vector. Bioreactor.
7. Yeast twohybrid system.
8. Gene targeting.
9. Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.
Book References:
Glick. BR. and Pastenak. J. J. 1988, Molecular Biotechnology. ASM Press. USA.
Giover. D.M and Hames. B.D. 1995, DNA Cloning 1 and 2 IRL press USA.
Sambrook. J. Fritsch. E.F. Mariatis. 1999, Molecular Cloning. Aulaboratory. Manual. Cold.
Watson. 1992, Recombinant DNA.
Glick, B.R. and Pasternak, J.J. 2003, Molecular Biotechnology, ASM Press, USA.
D.M. and Hames, B.D. 1995, DNA cloning 1 and 2 Glover, IRL. Press (Oxford University Press, USA)
Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F., Mariatis 3 edition, 2001, Molecular Cloning, A laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, U.S.A.
Waston. 1992, Recombinant DNA.
Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts and Water. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 4th edition.
Lodish, Berk, Matsudaira, Kaiser, Krieger, Scott, Zipersky and Darnell.Molecular Cell Biology, 5th edition.
Lehninger. Principles of Biochemistry. 4th edition, Nelson and Cox.
Watson, Baker, Bell. Molecular Biology of the Gene.
Glick, B.R. and Pasternak, J.J. 2003, Molecular Biotechnology. ASM Press, USA.
Istavari Rasko and C. Stephen Downes, 1995, Genes in Medicine.
Strachan, T.A. and Read A.P. 1996, Human molecular genetics.
GEB-302
Plant Cell and Tissue Culture
Full Marks: Theory 60 + Tutorial 15 = 75 (3/4 Unit) Time: 4 Hours 1. Introduction to tissue culture: History, importance, and scope, aims and objectives.
Culture media: Laboratory organization. Sterile: Zation techniques. Nutrition of plant cells. Composition and preparation techniques for solid and liquid media.
2. Plant growth regulators: Types and their uses in tissue culture.
3. Tissue and organ culture: Establishment and maintenance of callus and cell suspension cultures, cellular differentiation and regulation of morphogenesis.
4. Somatic embryogenesis: Principles and protocol; control of embryogenesis and organogenesis. Single cell methods. Cytology of callus; Tissue culture and Genetic Engineering.
5. Tissue culture techniques: Haploid production, androgenesis; anther and microspore culture; Embryo rescue and culture; Micrografting in vitro pollination and fertilization;
Protoplast isolation. Somatic hybrid and cybrids.
6. Meristem culture: Isolation and culture of shoot tip and meristem confirmation techniques for pathogen elimination.
7. In vitro selection of mutants: Mutant for salt, disease, cold, drought, herbicide and other stress condition.
8. Artificial seed: Techniques for encapsulation, regeneration and preservation application and objectives. Single cell technique.
9. Germplasm conservation: Cryopreservation and in vitro conservation.
10 .
Secondary metabolite in cell culture.
11
. Tissue culture applications: Improvement of crop varieties through somaclonal and gametoclonal variation: sources and usages. Establishment of cell lines and evaluation:
Application of tissue culture for crop improvement in agriculture, horticulture and forestry.
Book References:
Kalyan Kumar De. 1995, An introduction to Plant Tissue Culture.. New Central Book Agency Bhowjwani S.S. 1990, Plant Tissue Culture to Application. an Limitations.
Walton. 1988, Principles and Practices in Plant Science. P.D. Prentice Hall.
Dixon. 1994, Plant Cell Culture: A Practical approach.
Walton.1988, Principles and Practices in Plant Science. P.D.Prentice Hall.
Bhowjwan.1990, Plant Tissue Culture: Application and Limitations, S.S.
Dixon. 1994, Plant Cell Culture: A Practical approach.
Anderson. L.A. 1992, Plant Cell Culture, Advance in Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Wasson, Recombinant DNA.
Portykns, 1995, Gene transfer to Plants.
Mantell and Smith, 1984.Plant Biotechnology.
Losuge. 1983,Genetic Engineering of Plant .
Kosuge. 1983,Biochemistry & Molecular Biology of Plant.
GEB-303
Biotechnology for Crop Protection
Full Marks: Theory 60 + Tutorial 15 = 75 (3/4 Unit) Time: 4 Hours
Biotechnology for crop disease management
1. Biopesticides: Development of antagonistic strains suitable for varying soil pH and moisture increase in efficiency of antibiotic production, chitinase gene, cloning of chitinase gene from microorganisms to another to increase biocontrol. Products efficiency bacteriocin, pseudobactin, development of mild strains for cross protection.
2. Biological control: Biocontrol of plant pathogen, insects, pests and weeds, single cell protein.
3. Toxin production by fungus, bacterial pathogens, induction of resistance in cells, defense gene, pathogenesis related proteins, chitinase gene, virulent gene, coat protein gene, satellite RNA gene MIC RNA gene, movement protein gene uses in genetic engineering.
4. Stress tolerance: Drought, flood, salt and other tolerance genes.
Biotechnology for pest management:
1. Basis of entomology: Introduction to insect and pest, crop protection against insects.
2. Role of biotechnology in pest management: Microbial control and biotechnology.
Genetic improvement of natural enemies, mass production techniques- in vitro production of entomopathogens in cell lines, genetic engineering with Bacillus thuringiensis.
3. Recombinant DNA technology and genetic control of insects: Transgenic plants. Bt toxin gene trypsin inhibitor gene, manipulation of biological rhythm in insects for their control, application of research in neuroendocrinology, biologically active peptides and botanical pesticides.
Book References:
Bennet and Lasure. 1985, Gene Manipulations in Fungi.
Graniti et al. 1989, Phytotoxins and Plant Pathogenesis.
Hill. B.A 1988, methods in Plant Virology.
Vidhyasekaran. P. 1988, Physiology of Disease Resistance in Plants. Vol. I & Vol. II.
Burger. M.D 1981, Microbial Control of Pest and Plant Diseases. Academic Press London.
Day. P. R.1986, Biotechnology and Crop Improvement and Protection. BCRC. Monograph.
Kirsch Baum: J.B. 1985, Potential Implication of Genetic Engineering and Other Biotechnology to Insect Control.
Ann. Rev. Entomol.
Macia. S. 1989, Expression of Foreign Genes in Insects using Baculovirus Vectors Ann Rev. Entomol.
GEB-304
Animal Biotechnology
Full Marks: Theory 60 + Tutorial 15 = 75 (3/4 Unit) Time: 4 Hours
1. Introduction: Definitions, major techniques of animal biotechnology, application of animal biotechnology, aquaculture improvement through biotechnology, animal diseases.
livestock production, recombinant DNA technology and animal bacteria improvement in nutritive value of low quality feeds.
2. Principle of animal cell and tissue culture: Origin of the concept. Types of cells, primary culture, cell lines and cloning, somatic cell fusion, flask culture, organ culture and whole embryo culture. Techniques of cell and tissue culture. Application of Animal tissue culture.
3. Animal tissue culture media: Blood plasma, blood serum, serum free media, tissue extracts, complex natural media, chemically defined media and other tissue culture media.
4. Transgenic Animal Technology: Embryo transfer technology, MOET, In vitro fertilization: Transgenic mice, transgenic swine, transgenic cattle, collection of embryo, culture and transfer of embryos, methods for the introduction of recombinant DNA into chicken embryos, problems after developing transgenic animals.
5. Study of some cell lines: HeLa cell, CHO cell. B-cell.
Book References:
Bulock J. and Kristiansen B. Basic Biotechnology.
Wisenan a. Principles of Biotechnology.
John E. Smith. Biotechnology.
R. C. Dubey. A Text book of Biotechnology.
Lick and Pesternak. Molecular Biotechnology.
S.S. Purohit. Agricultural Biotechnology.
GEB-305
Molecular and Microbial Genetics
Full Marks: Theory 60 + Tutorial 15 = 75 (3/4 Unit) Time: 4 Hours 1. Introduction: The evolution of microbial genetics; early concept of bacterial variation:
Adaptation, mutation and selection, multinuclear conditions, dominance and recessiveness of characters.
2. Bacteriological media, physical condition required for growth, normal growth cycle of bacteria. Quantitative measurement of growth, direct microscope count, the plate count method, membrane filter count, electronic enumeration of cell numbers, turbidometric method.
3. Spectrophotometric method; isolation and identification of bacteria. Methods of maintenance and preservation of bacteria, periodic transfer, freeze-drying (lyophilization) and storage at low temperature. Coram sensing of bacteria.
4. Genetics of Bacteria: Genetic transfer of characters; Bacterial conjugation, conjugation mating type. Recognition of factors. Chromosomal transfer, interrupted mating experiments chromosome mapping.
5. Bacterial transformation- transformation of pneumococcal capsular types-cellular competence and environmental conditions required for transformationlinkages:
Transduction-general, restored and abortive transductions; Fine structure study through transduction.
6. Vectors: Plasmids as vector, pBR322 and other plasmid vectors, phage vectors, Cosmids, Phagemids; YAC and BAC vectors; Selectable markers in vectors.
7. Genetics of fungi: Alternation of generation study of Aspergilllus nidulus. Neurospora crassa and yeast.
8. The dynamic genome: Mobile genetic elements in eukaryotes (jumping genes)- relevance to plants; studies in maize; generation of antibody diversity.
9. Genetics of Viruses: Genetics of bacteriophage (Lambda) and phage induced mutation.
DNA and its gene organization.
10
. Site-specific recombination.
11 .
Reverse genetics. T-DNA insertion mutants. “Gene machines”. Gene silencing.
12 .
Epigenetic phenomena-transcriptional and post-transcriptional silencing. Epigenetic mechanisms in development.
Book References:
Bulock. 1987. Basic Biotechnology.
Gibson. 2002.Microbial degradation of orginic compounds.
Lizuka. 1981. Microbial conversion of steroid and alkaloids.
Laskin. 1985. Enzymes and Immobilized cells in biotechnology,
Smith J. E. 2009: Biotechnlogy, 5th ed, Cambridge University Press, New York.
Glick B.R., Pasternak J.J. 2003: Molecular Biotechnology, 3rd ed, ASM Press, Washingoton D.C.
Davis 1976 : Single Cell Protein.
Laskin 1985: Enzymes and Immobilized Cells in Biotechnology.
Gibson.1994: Microbial Degradation of Organic Compounds
Stanly R. Maloy, John E. Cronan Jr. David Freifelder.2006. Microbial Genetics 2nd edn. Narosa publishing House New Delhi.
GEB-306 Cytogenetics
Full Marks: Theory 60 + Tutorial 15 = 75 (3/4 Unit) Time: 4 Hours
1. Introduction: Cytology and Cytogenetics.
2. The chromosome complement: Morphological structure of prokaryotic chromosome, eukaryotic chromosomes, their nomenclature and their characteristics. Chemical organization of chromosome. Fine structure of chromosomes. Euchromatin, Heterochromatin, Karyotype and banding patterns of chromosome.
3. Structural changes of chromosomes: Deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation:
Definition, types, origin, meiotic behavior, role in evolution and uses in cytogenetical study.
4. Numerical changes of chromosomes:
Euploidy: Polyploidy in higher plants.
Autopolyploidy: Origin and occurrence, Phenotypic effects. Meiotic behavior and meiotic configuration of autotriploids and autotetraploids, Breeding behaviour, Genetics of
Autopolyploids.
Allopolyploidy: Criteria for distinction of autopolyploids and allopolyploids, Allopolyploidization of autopolyploids; Genome analysis in allopolyploids and synthesis of new species using allopolyploidy.
Aneuploidy: Source of primary, secondary and tertiary trisomics, source of monosomic and nellisomic locating genes through monosomic analysis. Meiotic and breeding behaviour of trisomic, monosomic and nullisomic. Characterization and identification of trisomics.
5. Substitution lines: Cytogenetics of substitution lines. Production of different substitution lines and their genetic analysis.
Book References:
Gurdev S. Khush. Cytogenetics of Aneuploids. Academic press. New York & London.
P.K. Gupta. Cytogenetics. Rastogi and company. Subasn Bazar, Meerut. India.
P.S. Verma and V. K. Agarwal. Genetics S. Chand and company, Ramnagen. New Delhi.
C.Y. Avers Genetics by Revised Edition.
VR dnyanzagan. Cytogology and Genetics. Tota McGraw Publishing Company Ltd. New Delhi.
Archana Sharma, Chromosomes (3rd ed.) Mohan primlani for oxford & IBH publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
U. Sinha, Sunita Sinha. Cytogenetics, Plant Breeding and Evolution New Delhi, Vicks Pub. House Pvt. Ltd.
GEB-307
Biostatistics and Experimental Design
Full Marks: Theory 60 + Tutorial 15 = 75 (3/4 Unit) Time: 4 Hours
1. Biostatistics and its scope.
2. Source and presentation of data, pie chart, bar diagram frequency curve & histogram graph.
3. Discrete and continuous variables, population sample and random samples.
4. Measures of central tendency mean, mode and median measures of dispersion, range, variance, standard deviation, standard error, efficient of variation and confidence limits.
5. Introduction to probability theory, probability rules, mutually exclusive and independent events.
6. Distributions: binomial and Poisson distribution, normal curve and normal distribution and sampling from normal distribution.
7. Hypothesis testing. Null hypothesis the χ2 test of goodness of fit, and contingency χ2 8. Comparison between two means, t-test and test of significance.
9. The analysis of variance, one-way and two-way analysis and F-test.
10
. Multiple comparisons, least significant difference (LSD) and critical difference (CD).
11 .
Measurement of association; covariance, correlation and test of its significance, regression analysis and regression line.
12 .
Experimental Design: Principles and significance. Complete randomized design (CRD).
Randomized complete block design (RCBD), Latin square design (LSD). Split-plot design (SPD) and Factorial Design.
Book References:
Robert G.D. Steil & James H. Torre. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. A Biometrical approach, International student edition.
W. Snedecor, William G. Cochran, Ames, Lowa. 1982, Statistical Methods Tth edu, George. U.S.A Kenneth Mather. 1972, Statistical Analysis in Biology by. Chapman & Hall, Science Paper back.
Stanton a. Glaubj. Biostatistics 4th ed. The McGraw Hill Inc.
Wayne W. Daniel. Biostatistics A foundation for analysis in the welth science John Wiley & Sons. Inc.
W.G. Cochran & G. M. Cox. Experimental Designs. 2nd ed. A Wiley intn ed.
K. A. Gomez. A. A. Gomez. 1976 Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research with emphasis on rice. The Inter rice Reseech Inst.
Munor R. Spiegel Statistics Schanms outline series McGraw-Hill Book company.
Kwanchai A. Gomez. 1972, Techniques for field experiments with rice. The International rice research institute. Los Banos: Laguna. Philippines.
GEB-308 Plant Breeding-II
Full Marks: Theory 60 + Tutorial 15 = 75 (3/4 Unit) Time: 4 Hours
1. Development of pure line variety and development of hybrid variety.
2. Population improvement approach.
3. Mutation and crop improvement.
4. Haploidy & aneuploidy in crop improvement.
5. Polyploidy and crop Improvement.
6. Wide cross & crop Improvement.
7. Tissue culture technique in crop Improvement.
8. Somatic hybridization and crop improvement.
9. Transgenic Breeding.
10 .
Marker aided selection.
11 .
Breeding for Drought & salinity tolerant.
12
. Breeding for Quality Traits: Protein & Oil content.
13 .
Ideotype breeding.
14 .
Release of new varieties: Notified crops and non-notified crops.
Book References:
Allard, R.W. 1999, Principles of Plant Breeding. John Willey & Sons. New York.
Chopra, V.L 1989, Plant Breeding. Oxford and IBH publishing Com. Ltd. New Dilhi.
Dana, S. 2001, Plant Breeding Naya Udyog. Calcatta. Singh. B.D.1995 Plant Breeding-Principles and Methods. Kalyani Publishers. New.
Sharma J.R 1994, Principles and practice of Plant Breeding .
Chadhury R.C Introduction of Plant Breeding. New Delhi, Oxford & IBH pub-Co. Pvt. Ltd.
Chawdhury H.K. Elementary Principles of Plant Breeding. New Delhi, Oxford & IBH Pub. Com. Pvt. Ltd.
Rattan Lal Agarwal- Fundamentals of Plant Breeding and Hybrid Seed Production. New Delhi, Oxford & IBH Pub Co. Pvt.
Ltd.
U. Sinha, Sunita Sinha. Plant Breeding and Evolution. Cytogenetics, New Delhi, Vicks Pub. House Pvt. Ltd.
GEB-309 Animal Breeding
Full Marks: Theory 60 + Tutorial 15 = 75 (3/4 Unit) Time: 4 Hours
1. Introduction: Concept of Animal Breeding, its development and application, domestication of farm animals, development of breed association.
2. Population parameters: Heretability and repeatability- definition, methods of estimation and their uses. Genetic and phenotypic correlation among the traits.
3. Breeding value: Definition, measurement and uses, most probable producing ability.
(MPPA) transmitting ability (TA).
4. Selection: Natural and artificial selection, selection objectives and selection criteria.
Selection method.
5. Response to Selection: Prediction and estimation, implication to livestock improvement. Selection limit.
6. Specialized breeding: Traits of economic importance, selection and breeding plants for the improvement of cattle, goat and poultry for specific purposes, systems of breeding for captive animals, conservation of endangered animal genetic resources.
7. Mechanisms of Reproduction and Breeding: Male and Female Reproductive Organs.
The sexual Cycle, Ovulation. Fertilization, implantation, Pregnancy Diagnosis in Animals; variation, choosing Traits for selection, Degrees of Relationship. Systems of Breeding. Heterosis of Hybrid vigor. Selection Methods, Fertility and Breeding Efficiency.
8. Artificial insemination, Cryopreservation of semen and oocytes.
Book References:
Warwick. E.J. and Legates. 1978, Breeding and Improvement of farm animal, 7th ed. McGraw Hill Book Co. Inc. New York.
Lasely. J. F. 1978, Genetics of Livestock Improvement, 3rd ed. Prentice Hall of India. New Delhi.
Malcoim B. Willis. 1991, dalton’s Introduction to practical animal breeding , 3rd ed. Blackwell Sci. London.
Mukherjee D.P, Banarjee G.C. Genetics and Breeding of Farm Amimals. New Delhi, Oxford & IBH Pub. Co. Pvt.
Ralph Bogart. Scientific Farm Animal Production. Delhi, Surjeet Publication.
Hafez Edi E. S. E. Reproduction in farm animals.
Sunil Kumar Das. Poultry Production. New Delhi, CBS Publishers.
GEB-310 Population Genetics
Full Marks: Theory 40 + Tutorial 10 = 50 (1/2 Unit) Time: 3 Hours
1. Introduction: Historical Background and Development.
2. Genetic Constitution of a Population: Frequencies of genes and genotypes, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, Multiple alleles, sex-linked genes.
3. Changes of Gene Frequencies: As Selection; mutation, migration and drift.
4. Mating and Reproductive system: Inbreeding, asexual of apomictic reproduction, assortative mating, measurement of inbreeding, out breeding and non-random mating.
5. Speciation: Race formation, the species, Modes of speciation and isolation.
6. Genetic polymorphism: A General account and the Basis.
7. Continuous Variation: Metric charactar, General survey at the subject matter.
8. Values and means: Component of means, breeding values, dominance deviation and interaction deviation.
9. Variance: Components of variances, genetic components of variance, correlation and interaction between genotype and environment, environmental variance.
Book References:
Hedrick. P. W. Genetics of population.1982, Jones & Bartlett Publisher, Inc. Bostone.
M. W. Strickberger. Genetics. 2nd edition. Published prentic –Hall of India Pvt.Ltd.M 97, New Delhi.
Verma and Agarwal. 1989, Cell Biology. Genetics and Evolution. S. Chand & Company Ltd. Ramnayar. New Delhi.-110055.
Verma and Agarwal. Genetics.
D.S. Falconer. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics.
Strickberger M.W. Evolution.1994. CBS Publishers & distributors 485. New Delhi.