Aims and objectives
The overall aim of this study is to explore the acceptability of using football coaches as popular opinion leaders to promote sexually transmitted infection screening of young men in sport settings.
Introduction
Aim: To introduce the research and set the context for the proceeding discussion.
l Introduce self.
l Introduce the study: who it is for; what it is about.
l Talk through key points:
¢ purpose of the interview
¢ length of the interview
¢ thank you payment
¢ reasons for recording the interview
¢ confidentiality and reporting of findings.
l Any questions participant may have.
1. Background and personal circumstances–brief
Aim: To introduce the participant and to highlight any key background issues that might influence how acceptable they find the proposed screening model.
l Age; household circumstances (whether they live alone or with others):
¢ relationship with
¢ their age
¢ activity.
l Main daytime activity (whether in work or not; details of work).
l Other interests/activities (spare time).
2. Football club
Aim: To understand why the participant is involved in the club and what they gain from their involvement.
l Involvement in football club:
¢ how they became involved
¢ length of time with the club
¢ purpose of involvement with the club:
¢ recreation
¢ health
¢ community
¢ socialising, etc.
l Relationships within the club:
¢ with other players
¢ with‘officials’:
¢ coach
¢ committee
¢ types of interactions:
¢ just sport
¢ talking (about what?)
¢ socialising (outside of the club setting).
l Thoughts on using the club to deliver health promotion:
¢ Is this an acceptable setting to deliver health messages? (general health/diet/exercise/obesity/ smoking, etc.)
¢ What about sexual health messages?
l Thoughts on using coaches to deliver health promotion:
¢ Is this an acceptable way to deliver health promotion?
¢ Is it appropriate to discuss health with coaches?
¢ What about sexual health?
l Thoughts on having health specialist enter the club to deliver health promotion:
¢ Is this an acceptable way to deliver health promotion?
¢ Doctor versus nurse
¢ Is it appropriate to discuss health with HCPs in the club?
¢ What about sexual health?
l Thoughts on having leaflets and posters in the club setting to promote health:
¢ Is this an acceptable way to deliver health promotion?
¢ What about sexual health?
l When to deliver messages–and how to deliver them (formal/informal).
3. Acceptability of different sexual health promotion models
Aim: To explore the acceptability of delivering sexual health screening in different ways (use picture flow charts to aid discussion).
Describe model 1 (traditional/clinic/general practice)
What are your initial thoughts about testing for STIs in this way?
l Why do you think that?
Go through each step of that model:
l Attending the clinic:
¢ What are the advantages?
¢ See a HCP
¢ Quality of service/advice
¢ Anonymous–unlikely to see someone you know
¢ Professional
¢ Full screens (including HIV/syphilis)
¢ What are the disadvantages?
¢ Waiting times
¢ Clinic times/away from work
¢ Embarrassment
¢ Fear
¢ What are the barriers to this screening method?
¢ Waiting times
¢ Clinic times/away from work
¢ Embarrassment
¢ Fear
¢ What would motivate you to attend a clinic?
¢ Symptoms
¢ Partner request
¢ Particularly concerned about sexual encounter
l Self-collected urine test (vs. swab test–put urine into context and only forC. trachomatisinfection):
¢ What are the advantages?
¢ Self-collected
¢ No need for examination
¢ No invasive test (umbrella)
¢ Easy
¢ Quick
¢ What are the disadvantages?
¢ Accuracy
¢ OnlyC. trachomatis/N. gonorrhoeaetest
l Text message result (only for C. trachomatis infection):
¢ What are the advantages?
¢ Always get your results
¢ Personal/confidential
¢ What are the disadvantages?
¢ Might be seen by someone
¢ Intrusive
Describe model 2 (coach-led, club-based promotion)
What are your initial thoughts about testing for STIs in this way?
l Why do you think that?
l Probe/expand
Go through each step of that model:
l Receiving promotion message from coach:
¢ What are the advantages?
¢ Someone you know
¢ Less embarrassing
¢ No need to go to a clinic
¢ How much information do you think you would need to have about the benefits of testing to encourage you to test?
¢ None–just get coach to tell us to test
¢ A little
¢ A lot
¢ Etc./why why why?
¢ What are the disadvantages?
¢ Someone you know
¢ More embarrassing
¢ Intrusive
¢ What are the problems with this method?
¢ As above
¢ At the club to play football not have lecture
¢ What would encourage you to test in this way?
¢ Peers
¢ What would discourage you to test in this way?
l How does this compare to going to the clinic/GP?
l Self-collected urine test kits left at club:
¢ What are the advantages?
¢ Self-collected
¢ No need for examination
¢ No invasive test (umbrella)
¢ Easy
¢ Quick
¢ What are the disadvantages?
¢ Where would you leave them?
¢ Someone might see you
¢ How should they be distributed?
¢ Handed out
¢ Left for collection
¢ Etc.
¢ Why?
¢ Where should they be left (if this is a viable option)?
¢ Changing room
¢ Toilets
¢ Bar
¢ Handed out
¢ What should they look like?
¢ Bland/brown bags
¢ Club colours
¢ Premier League branding
¢ When should the test be done?
¢ Pre training
¢ Post training
¢ Somewhere other than the training site (home, etc.)
¢ Why?
¢ Suggestions/comments about the labelling process
¢ Is this likely to be a problem?
¢ Why?
l Posting kits to hospital:
¢ What are the advantages?
¢ What are the disadvantages/problems?
¢ Fear of leaking
¢ Lost in post
l Text message result (as before):
¢ What are the advantages/disadvantages?
Describe model 3 (health care professional-led, club-based promotion)
What are your initial thoughts about testing for STIs in this way?
l Why do you think that?
l Probe/expand
Go through each step of that model:
l Receiving promotion message from HCP:
¢ What are the advantages?
¢ Professional
¢ Knowledge
¢ Anonymous
¢ What are the disadvantages?
¢ Intrusive
¢ Embarrassment
¢ What are the problems with this method?
¢ As above
¢ At the club to play football not have lecture
¢ What would encourage you to test in this way?
¢ Peers
¢ What would discourage you to test in this way?
l How does this compare to going to the clinic/GP/coach led?
¢ Better/worse/why?
Describe model 4 (poster-led, club-based promotion)
What are your initial thoughts about testing for STIs in this way?
l Why do you think that?
l Probe/expand
Go through each step of that model:
l Receiving promotion message from poster:
¢ What are the advantages?
¢ What are the disadvantages?
¢ What would encourage you to test in this way?
l How does this compare to models 1–3?
¢ Better/worse/why?
What do you think are the advantages of accessing screening in the football club?
l Easy
l Accessible
l No appointment/quicker
l Non-invasive
l No examination/no need to see HCP
l Free
l Less stigma vs. more stigma?
l Others?
What do you think are the disadvantages of accessing screening in the football club?
l Coach not an expert
l No discussion with HCP
l Concern about test accuracy
l Observed taking test/test seen by others at home/in the club, etc.
l Others?
Can you put these into the order in which you would prefer to test for STIs? (Participant puts picture sheets in order of preference) (Read out the order and ask why they have done this order)
4. Observability
What impact does the possibility of seeing someone take a test or being seen to take a test have on the likelihood of testing?
Would you be more or less likely to take a test if you saw a team member take one? Would you discuss the test with team members?
5. Identifying an opinion leader
Which members of the club do others go to for:
l general advice?
l health advice?
l personal advice?
l sex advice? Why?