(1) Broadleaf Weeds (a) Annuals
(1) Summer Annuals (Warm Season Annuals): (a) Beggarticks
(b) Chickweed (c) Wooly Croton (d) Lambsquarters (e) Redroot Pigweed (f) Rough Pigweed (g) Prostrate Pigweed (h) Tumbling Pigweed (i) Prickly Lettuce (j) Annual Morning-glory (k) Bedstraw (l) Prostrate Spurge (m) Spotted Spurge (n) Puncture vine (o) Purslane (p) Common Ragweed (q) Common Sunflower
(r) Annual Sow thistle Prickly Lettuce
(2) Winter Annuals: (Cool Season Annuals): Dicamba works well on most of these. (a) Bur Buttercup
(b) Pennycress (c) Henbit (d) Kochia
(e) Tansy Mustard (f) Purple Mustard (g) Fieldcress (h) Flixweed (i) Jim Hill Mustard (j) Common Mustard (k) Wild Mustard (l) Larkspurs
(m) Wooly Locoweed (n) Hoary Pea (Goatsrue) (o) Mayweed
(p) Field Madder (q) Russian Thistle
(r) Shepherd's Purse Kochia
(s) Tumble Mustard
(b) Biennials: (1) Bur Clover (2) Burdock (3) Cocklebur (4) Chamomile (5) Wild Carrot (6) Spotted Knapweed (7) Mullein (8) Prickly Poppy (9) Bull Thistle (10) Musk Thistle
(11) Common Sow Thistle (12) Yellow Star Thistle
(c) Perennials
(1) Simple Perennials: Wild Carrot
(a) Jerusalem Artichoke
(b) Catnip (c) Chickory (d) Yellow Clover (e) Dandelion (f) Broadleaf Dock (g) Curly Dock
(h) Narrow leaf Goldenrod (i) Groundcherry (j) Gumweed (k) Broadleaf plantain (l) Mallow (Cheeseweed) (m) Milkweed (n) Texas blueweed (o) Prickly pear
(2) Creeping Perennials: (a) Field Bindweed (b) Wild Buckwheat (c) Canada Thistle (d) Russian Knapweed
(e) Mouse ear Chickweed Gumweed
(f) Virginia Creeper
(2) Grasses
(a) Annuals (1) Summer Annuals: (a) Crabgrass (b) Foxtails (c) Barnyard grass (d) Goose grass (e) Sandbur (f) Witchgrass (g) Wild oats GoosegrassWeed Control ©4/1/2016 TLC www.abctlc.com (866) 557-1746
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(2) Winter Annuals: (a) Annual Bluegrass (b) Foxtail Barley (c) Fall Panicum (d) Rescue grass (e) Downy Brome (f) Wild Rye
(b) Perennial Grasses
(1) Simple Perennials: (a) Buffalo grass (b) Rice Cutgrass (c) Orchard Grass (d) Gramma Grass (e) Common Rush (f) Perennial Ryegrass (g) Reed Canarygrass (2) Creeping Perennials: (a) Bentgrass
(b) Bermuda Grass Rescuegrass
(c) Dallisgrass (d) Johnson grass (e) Bluegrass (f) Yellow Nutsedge (g) Purple Nutsedge (h) Quackgrass
Additional classifications may place weeds that occur in any of the above categories special categories. Weeds in special categories may require special practices to control them. Special categories have particular distinguishing features. Such distinguishing features may include special toxins dangerous to humans or livestock, woody stems, or aquatic habitats.
(1) Toxic Plants: (a) African rue (b) Woody Aster (c) Foxglove (d) Castor plant (e) Poison Hemlock (f) Hemp Dogbane
(g) Locoweed (Stemless, Wooly, etc.) (h) Bitterweed
(i) Jimson Weed
(j) Silverleaf Nightshade (k) Black Nightshade (l) Groundcherry
(m) Perennial Broomweed (n) Goldenrod
(o) Buffalo Bur
Toxic Plants Injurious to Humans (1) Poison Ivy
(2) Poison Sumak
(4) Spurge (Bull) Nettle (5) Stinging Nettle (6) Slender Nettle
(2) Woody plants and brush: (a) Elm Species
(b) Creosote (c) Greasewood
(d) Coniferous trees & shrubs: Juniper, Cedars, Pine, Fir, and Spruce
(e) Maple Species (f) Mesquite (g) Oak Species (h) Rose Species
(i) The Willow & Cottonwood Family
Stinging Nettle
(3) Aquatic Plants See TLC’s Aquatic Environment’s Course (a) Algae:
(1) Single celled Algae (2) Filamentous Algae (3) Chara
Submerged Seed Plants (1) Water Milfoil (2) Hornwort (3) Coontail (4) Water Weed (5) Pond Weed Floating Weeds
(1) Water lilies (yellow & white) (2) Water Hyacinth
(3)Duckweeds Emergent Weeds (1) Arrowhead (2) Pipewort
(3) Cattails Spurge (Bull) Nettle
(4) Bulrushes
Roundup-Resistant Weeds
Roundup-resistant weeds like horseweed and giant ragweed are forcing farmers to go back to more expensive techniques that they had long ago abandoned. There is a particularly tenacious species of glyphosate-resistant pest called Palmer amaranth, or pigweed, whose resistant form has begun to seriously infesting farms. Pigweed can grow three inches a day and reach seven feet or more, choking out crops; it is so sturdy that it can damage harvesting equipment. In an attempt to kill the pest before it becomes that big, plow fields and mixing herbicides into the soil. That threatens to reverse one of the agricultural advances bolstered by the Roundup revolution: minimum-till farming. By combining Roundup and Roundup Ready crops, farmers did not have to plow under the weeds to control them. That reduced erosion, the runoff of chemicals into waterways and the use of fuel for tractors.
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The term "weed" means different things to different people. In the broadest
sense, it is any plant growing where it is not wanted. Weeds can be native or
non-native, invasive or non-invasive, and noxious or not noxious. Legally, a
noxious weed is any plant designated by a federal, state or county government
as injurious to public health, agriculture, recreation, wildlife or property. A
noxious weed is also commonly defined as a plant that grows out of place (i.e.
a rose can be a weed in a wheat field) and is "competitive, persistent, and
pernicious."
The noxious weeds mandated for control are plants non-native to North
America. Consequently, these plants do not have the natural checks as found
in their native land, such as insects, diseases, and herbivores that would keep
the plant population in check. Due to the competitive aggressive ability of these
plants coupled with no natural controls, these plants will develop mono-culture
stands. Not only are many crops out competed by these weeds but native
vegetation and the wildlife associated with it will be replaced. Consequently,
identifying the weeds when they first become established and developing an
integrated weed management plan to control them is critical in maintaining
healthy, productive land. The term noxious weed is used to describe a legal
designation for plant species that have been determined to be especially
undesirable or difficult to control.
Common Broadleaf Weeds
with some suggested remedies and classification.Arrowhead Sagittaria montevidensis
Balloonvine Cardiospermum halicacabum Annual can be Perennial in some areas
Beggarweed Desmodium spp. Perennial
Bindweed, field (noxious) Convolvulus arvensis Perennial
Bindweed, hedge Convolvulus sepium Perennial
Bittercress, smallflowered Cardamine parviflora
Black nightshade Solanum spp. Halosulfuron, Rimsulfuron Annual
Broadleaf plantains Plantago spp. 2,4D, 2,4DP, Cloryralid, Dicamba, MCPA,
Triclopyr
Buckhorn plantain Plantago lanceolata Perennial
Buffalobur Solanum rostratum Perennial
Bull thistle Cirsium vulgare Biennial 2-4D
Burcucumber Sicyos angulatus Annual Beacon , Banvel, Clarity or Marksman
Bushy wallflower Erysimum repandum Annual Maverick
Buttercups Ranunculus spp. Perennial
Butterweed Senecio glabellus Annual
Canada thistle Cirsium arvense
Carolina geranium Geranium carolinianum
Carpetweed Mollugo verticillata Annual
Chicory Cichorium intybus Perennial
Clammy groundcherry Physalis heterophylla Annual and/or Perennial
Common burdock Arctium minus Annual
Common chickweed Stellaria media Annual
Common cocklebur Xanthium strumarium Annual
Common groundsel Senecio vulgaris Annual
Common lambsquarters Chenopodium album Annual
Common milkweed Asclepias syriaca Perennial Amitrol, Roundup Tordon
Common mullein Verbascum thapsus Perennial Roundup, Garlon, Triclophr
Common pokeweed Phytolacca Americana Perennial Glyphosate for control
Common purslane Portulaca oleracea Annual 2,4D, MCPP and banvel (Dicamba)
Common ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia Annual Tenran
Common sunflower Helianthus annuus Annual Clopyralid for control
Common teasel Dipsacus fullonum Perennial 2,4D, MCPP and Banvel or Dicamba
Common waterhemp Amaranthus rudis Annual Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Common yarrow Achillea millefolium P 2,4D, 2,4DP, Clopyralid MCPP Banvel
Dicamba
Compass plant Silphium laciniatum Perennial
Corn gromwell Lithospermum arvense Annual
Cornflower Centaurea cyanus Annual Picloram
Croton, tropic Croton glandulosus
Croton, woolly Croton capitatus
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Cut-leaf teasel (noxious) Dipsacus laciniatus B 2,4D, 2,4DP, MCPP and Banvel or
Dicamba
Cutleaf eveningprimose Oenothera laciniata A & P Oxyfluorfen, 2,4D +Paraquat
Daisy fleabane Erigeron annuus Annual Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Deadnettle, purple Lamium purpureum
Dewberry Rubus spp. Perennial
Eclipta Eclipta prostrate Annual and Perennial
Field dodder Cuscuta campestris Perennial
Field pansy Viola rafinesquii Annual
Giant ragweed Ambrosia trifida Annual
Goldenrod Solidago spp. Annual and Perennial
Greenbriar Smilax spp. Perennial
Hairy nightshade Solanum sarrachoides
Hemp dogbane Apocynum cannabinum
Hemp sesbania Sesbania exaltata
Henbit Lamium amplexicaule
Honeysuckle Lonicera spp. Perennial Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Honeyvine milkweed Cynanchum leave Perennial Garlon 4 (Triclopyr)
Hophornbeam copperleaf Acalypha ostryaefolia Annual Roundup
Horsenettle Solanum carolinense A & Biennial Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Horseweed Erigeron canadensis
Illinois bundleflower Desmanthus illinoensis Perennial Roundup
Ironweed Vernonia spp. Perennial Saber- Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Japanese hedgeparsley Torilis arvensis Annual Roundup
Japanese hops Humulus japonicus Annual Perennial Glyphospate
Japanese knotweed Polygonum cuspidatum P Cut Stump treatment Glyphosate-
Triclopyr
Jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus
Jimsonweed Datura stramonium Annual Perennial Bentazon for control
Kochia Kochia scoparia Annual Dicamba
Kudzu (noxious) Pueraria lobata Perennial Glyhospate
Marijuana (noxious) Cannabis sativa
Morning-glory, bigroot Ipomoea pandurata Perennial Sahara Imazapyr and Diuron
Morning-glory, ivyleaf Ipomoea hederacea Annual Sahara Imazapyr and Diuron
Morning-glory, tall Ipomoea purpurea Annual Sahara Imazapyr and Diuron
Morning-glory, pitted Ipomoea lacunose Annual Sahara Imazapyr and Diuron
Mouse ear chickweed Cerastium vulgatum Annual Dicamba
Mousetail Myosurus minimus Annual 2-4D
Multiflora rose (noxious) Rosa multiflora Perennial Dicamba
Musk thistle (noxious) Carduus nutans
Nodding spurge Euphorbia nutans Annual 2-4D Diphenylether
Oxeye daisy Chrysanthemum leucanthemum P Sahara Imazapyr and Diuron
Palmer amaranth Amaranthus palmeri Annual Sahara
Partridgepea Cassia chamaecrista Annual 2-4D
Perilla mint Perilla frutescens Annual 2-4D, Sahara
Pigweed, prostrate Amaranthus blitoides Annual Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Pigweed, redroot Amaranthus retroflexus Annual Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Pigweed, tumble Amaranthus albus Annual Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Pineapple weed Matricaria matricarioides Annual Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Poison hemlock Conium maculatum Biennial Tebuthiuron (Spike 20P) Glean FC,
Velpar
Prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola Annual STOMP
Prickly pear Opuntia compressa Perennial Tordon 22K Picloram
Prickly sida Sida spinosa Annual/Perennial Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Prostrate knotweed Polygonum aviculare
Puncturevine Tribulus terrestris Annual Sahara (Imazapyr and Diuron)
Purple ammannia Ammannia coccinea
Purple loosestrife (noxious) Lythrum salicaria Pernnial Roundup or Rodeo Purslane speedwell Veronica peregrina
Rattlesnake master Eryngium yuccifolium
Redvine Brunnichia ovata
Rosinweed Silphium integrifolium
Scotch thistle (noxious) Onopordum acanthium A or B Piclram, dicamba + 2,4-D, Metsulfuron
Sericea lespedeza Lespedeza cuneata Perennial Triclohr
Shepherd's purse Capsella bursa-pastoris A 2,4-D, 2,4DP;chlorsulfuron, dicamba,
MCPA
Sicklepod Senna obtusifolia
Smartweed, ladysthumb Polygonum persicaria
Smartweed, pale Polygonum lapathifolium
Smartweed, Pennsylvania Polygonum pensylvanicum
Smartweed, swamp Polygonum coccineum Perennial 2-4D Dicamba Rodeo
Smooth groundcherry Physalis subglabrata
Smooth sumac Rhus glabra
Snow-on-the-mountain Euphorbia marginata
Spanish needles Bidens bipinnata
Spiny amaranth Amaranthus spinosus
Spiny sowthistle Sonchus asper
Spurge, leafy Euphorbia esula
Spurge, nodding Euphorbia nutans
Spurge, prostrate Euphorbia humistrata
Spurge, toothed Euphorbia dentata
Spurred anoda Anoda cristata
Tall thistle Cirsium altissimum
Tansy mustard Descurainia pinnata
Trumpetcreeper Campsis radicans
Unicorn-plant Proboscidea louisianica
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Vervain, blue Verbena hastata
Vervain, hoary Verbena stricta
Vetch Vicia spp.
Virginia copperleaf Acalypha virginica
Virginia creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Virginia pepperweed Lepidium virginicum
Water hemlock Cicuta maculata
Western salsify Tragopogon dubuis
White heath aster Aster pilosus
White snakeroot Eupatorium rugosum
Wild buckwheat Polygonum convolvulus
Wild carrot Daucus carota
Wild indigo Baptisia spp.
Wild lettuce Lactuca serriola
Wild mustard Brassica kaber
Yellow rocket Barbarea vulgaris
Author’s Note: There are several weed databases that you can utilize for weed identification. Here are a couple of great websites: Plants.USDA.Gov/WeedsofCalifornia and
PSU.Missouri.Edu.
I would like to mention that scientific names of weeds and plants do change over time. If there is any doubt on your assignment, utilize the federally listed name or the name that is used in this manual.
Johnson grass, Sorghum halapense (L.) Pers. - non-native
A monocot in the Poaceae family. It is said to have been brought here in the early 1900's from Europe as a feed grain for stock. It was grown in great quantities until it was determined it had very little nutritional value. By then it had naturalized and was out of control. It can grow to the height of 7-8 feet. It propagates itself by heavy seeding and by underground rhizomes (thick root sections like iris bulbs).