1. Introduction
Cloud Computing mit mathematischen Anwendungen
Dr. habil. Marcel Kunze
Engineering Mathematics and Computing Lab (EMCL) Institut für Angewandte und Numerische Mathematik IV Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Agenda Cloud Computing
1.
Introduction
" What is Cloud Computing?
2.
Basics
" Virtualization, Web Services,…
3.
Cloud Architecture
" Infrastructure, Platform, Software,... as a Service
4.
Professional Public Cloud Services
" Amazon Web Services, Google App Engine, Windows Azure
5.
Inside the Cloud: Private Cloud Services
" OpenCirrus Project, Eucalyptus
6.
Cloud Algorithms
Literature
C. Baun, M. Kunze, J. Nimis, S. Tai
Cloud Computing: Web-basierte dynamische IT-Services Informatik im Fokus
Springer-Verlag, 2.Auflage, 2011
http://www.springer.com/computer/communication+networks/book/978-3-642-18435-2
Further reading:
Cloud Computing: Definition
Building on compute and storage virtualization,
cloud computing
provides scalable, network-centric,
abstracted IT infrastructure, platforms, and applications
as on-demand
services
that are billed by consumption.
C.Baun, M.Kunze, J.Nimis, S.Tai: Cloud Computing, Informatik im Fokus, Springer 2009-2011Cloud Myths
"
Cloud computing infrastructure is just a web service interface to
operating system virtualization.
" I m running Xen in my data center – I m running a private cloud.
" Cloud needs more: Automation, SLAs, business model,…
"
Cloud computing imposes a significant performance penalty over
bare metal provisioning.
" I won t be able to run a private cloud because my users will not tolerate
the performance hit.
" With modern hardware, virtualized services are sometimes even faster
"
Clouds and Grids are equivalent.
" In the mid 1990s, the term grid was coined to describe technologies that
would allow consumers to obtain computing power on demand.
" Grids are not self-service, do not grant privileges to users, have a
History: Grid Computing
"
Idea 1998: Compute power as a utility
"
Federative approach: Ressource sharing
"
Resource sharing & coordinated problem solving in dynamic,
multi-institutional virtual organizations
(Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman)
Clouds vs. Grids
Cloud Computing Grid Computing
Objective Provide desired computing platform
via network enabled services
Resource sharing Job execution
Infrastructure One or few data centers,
heterogeneous/homogeneous resource under central control, Industry and Business
Geographically distributed,
heterogeneous resource, no central control, VO
Research and academic organization
Middleware Proprietary, several reference
implementations exist (e.g. Amazon)
Well developed, maintained and documented
Application Suited for generic applications Special application domains like High
Energy Physics
User interface Easy to use/deploy, no complex user
interface required
Difficult use and deployment Need new user interface, e.g.,
commands, APIs, SDKs, services …
Business Model Commercial: Pay-as-you-go Publicly funded: Use for free
Operational Model Industrialization of IT
Fully automated Services
Mostly Manufacture Handcrafted Services
QoS Possible Little support
On-demand provisioning Yes No
F
un
ct
io
na
l
N
on
-F
un
ct
io
na
l
What is cloud computing?
Is it a technology?
Is it a concept?
Cloud computing is a transition
…
The Industrial Revolution
Concept Suitability Technology Attitude Industrial Revolution" Realization of concept needs
" Environment (Suitability)
" Skillset (Technology)
Cloud Computing: Industrialization of IT?
Concept Suitability Technology Attitude Cloud Computing" Realization of concept needs
" Environment (Suitability)
" Skillset (Technology)
From Innovation to Commodity
"
The adoption of innovation always follows a sigmoidal transition
towards commodity: There is a rapid uptake at a certain point
" Examples: Automobile, washing machines, telephone, television,…
" IT Examples: Personal Computer, World Wide Web, mobile communication,…
"
It is the same with the transition of local IT to cloud computing
Cloud Computing Centers: IT-Factory
"
Google, Yahoo , Microsoft: Gigantic data centers (Columbia River)
"
Growth: >10.000 servers per months
Trend: Containers as building blocks
"
HP, IBM, Sun, Rackable containers
" Up to 20.000 blade-cores or 15 PB disks per container
"
Microsoft Chicago and Dublin: Huge data centers
" Million cores in container technology for Windows Live clients
"
Advantages of the containers
Excellent energy efficiency (PUE-value ~ 1.2)
Source: HP
Cloud Computing = Industrialization of IT !
"
IT Service-centers do not necessarily have their own IT infrastructure
" Main objective is to provide IT services " Value-add to commercial cloud services
So, what s new?
"
The illusion of infinite IT-resources which
"
are always available as on-demand services
"
do not require ownership, prior reservation, etc
"
Pay by use business model
"
No upfront commitment (Contract etc.)
Further reading:
Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing :
Good to know
"
All course info is on
http://studium.kit.edu
