SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
15 MARCH 2021
MUNICH UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES
PAPER TECHNOLOGY - MASTER COURSE SS 2021
Despite of all challenges:
Welcome to everybody to our 2021 course!
2
Preliminary program of this course
3
15 March Introduction & basic scope of the course; background of participants;
Introduction to “Sustainable Development”; Pulp & Paper Industry (PPI) sector; site approach & life cycle approach; basic framework legislation on EU level;
Please be active with some homework till 21 March! See slide 54 22 March Process orientation: EU BAT – Best Available Techniques: general
approach & production processes (1); home-/group work?
29 March BAT: production processes (2)
19 April Product focus & market orientation: product labels; Communication &
stakeholder relations; management systems & leadership responsibility;
26 April Still to be defined; possibly some more time for practical BAT & life cycle items, respectively
03 May Excursion?
07 May Repetition & Summary
17 May Test: mode still to be defined; possibly some semester paper
(normally in written form: 2 h / 13.30 – 15.30)
5
Sustainability
(General information: WIKIPEDIA) 6Origin of the term:
! Latin: sustinere (tenere, to hold; sus, up)
! Dictionary: maintain, support, endure, carry
! In biology/ecology, sustainability is how biological systems endure and remain diverse and productive
! Long-lived and healthy wetlands and forests are examples of sustainable biological systems (e.g.
tropical rain forests)
! 1713, Hans Carl von Carlowitz (Forestry government
official): implementation of the term and respective
practices in German forestry to overcome wood
shortages due to growing mining industries
Sustainable Development timeline
7
!
The International Institute for Sustainable Development (iisd),
Winnipeg, Canada, published a “sustainable development timeline”
! … starting with “Silent Spring” (Rachel Carson, 1962)
!
… via “Limits to Growth” (Club of Rome, 1972)
!
… ”World Summit” (Rio, 1992)
!
… COP “Conferences of Parties on climate change”,
"
COP 1 (Berlin, 1995);
"
COP 3 (2005): ”Kyoto Protocol” for greenhouse gas emission
reduction
"
COP 21 (Paris, 2015),
"
COP 23 (Bonn, 2017)
"
COP 24 (Katowice, 2018)
"
COP 25 (Madrid 1919)
! …www.iisd.org/pdf/2012/sd_timeline_2012.pdf
Sustainability
8
! Initial concept: “Our Common Future” – Brundtland Report, 1987:
" Report of the World Commission on Environment and
Development (chaired by Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland) weaves together social, economic, cultural and environmental issues and global solutions.
" Defines and popularizes the term “sustainable
development”: “sustainable development is development
that meets the needs of the present without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”
Sustainability
9
! In economics-centred accounts sustainability requires the reconciliation across the „three pillars/three spheres“ of sustainability:
" Economic demands
" Environmental resilience
" Social equity
Sustainability
10
Vanderbilt University
Sustainability
11
! The economic sphere
! An economically sustainable system must be able to produce goods and services on a continuing
basis, to maintain manageable levels of
government and external debt, and to avoid
extreme sectored imbalances which damage
agricultural or industrial production.
Sustainability
12
! The environmental sphere
! An environmentally sustainable system must maintain a stable resource base, avoiding over- exploitation of renewable resource system or
environmental sink functions, and depleting non- renewable resources only to the extent that
investment is made in adequate substitutes. This includes maintenance of biodiversity, atmospheric stability, and other ecosystem functions not
ordinarily classed as economic resources.
Sustainability
13
! The social sphere
! A socially sustainable system must achieve
distributional equity, adequate provision of social services including health and education, gender equity, and political accountability and
participation.
Sustainability (in short): “PPP”
14
Planet
Profit People
Workforce,
Health & Safety
Sustainability and future economics
More “modern” model: Environment setting the limitations
15
Adams, W.M. (2006).
"The Future of Sustainability: Re-thinking Environment and Development in the Twenty-first Century."
Sustainability: a moving target
16
Source: Med-Tech Innovation
General view on the development of
environmental technologies and techniques
17
time Complexity of processes
& respective organisational requirements
End-of-pipe technologies
Process-integrated technologies
Product life cycle
approach
Sustainability: Responsibility
18
Growth of human population
19
Growth of human population
20
The Ecological footprint
21
Our “Footprint” is too big …
22
A solution for „sustainability“?
23
The New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research, 2008
…minimum environmental impact manufacturing and product use
In PPI we call it “bio economy” …
...some call it „cradle-to-cradle“...
Basic & general information on PPI sector
24
! See e.g.
! Reports provided by national/international PPI federations: e.g. VDP (Verband Deutscher
Papierfabriken), AFPA (American Forest & Paper Association), …, CEPI (Confederation of
European Paper Industries), ICFPA (International Council of Forest and Paper Associations;
! Public agencies, R&D organisations, consultants, NGOs (e.g. WWF, Greenpeace, ...);
! Companies
PPI cost structure (CEPI)
25
World Raw material (fibre) for papermaking
26
Million tons
Global production 2016:
410 mill tonnes
Global Paper & Board Consumption by region
27
Global paper and board production by grade
28
Biggest Paper & Board Producing Countries
29
CEPI Paper & Board Production
30
Global pulp production 2012
31
CEPI raw materials consumption
32
CEPI Non-fibrous Materials Consumption
33
Paper for Recycling
34
Paper consumption per capita 2013
35
Landfill waste (FIN PPI 1992-2018)
36
Landfill waste by grade (FIN)
37
Air emissions in Finnish PPI
38
Emissions to Water in PPI FIN
39
Water emissions PPI FIN
40
AOX emissions from pulp production FIN
41
Forest resources FIN
42
Growth & use of forests resources FIN
43
Global forest resources
44
Growing stock total 434 bill. m
3(with bark)
Global round wood consumption
45
Sustainable Development in PPI:
From “site” approach …
46
O. Dahl, 2008
… to “life cycle” approach
47
The basic life cycle of paper products
48
Circular economy in a highly integrated mill
49
Source: UPM
Circular economy as a company’s strategic orientation
50
P&P life cycle approach has found its way into politics …
51
Circular Economy action plan
52
EU actions present measures to …
53
!
Make sustainable products the norm in EU
!
Empower consumers and public buyers
!
Focus on the sectors that use most resources and
where potential for circularity is high as such: electronics and ICT; batteries and vehicles; packaging; plastics;
textiles; construction and buildings; food; water and nutrients
!
Ensure less waste
!
Make circularity work for people, regions and cities
!
Lead global efforts on circular economy
Workshop: “Sustainability Perspectives”
54
! Individual homework (teamwork?):
!
Please analyse various sustainability perspectives:
(1)
Your personal connection and points of contacts with the topic (e.g. in your place of origin, personal education, present life situation, personal activities, professional experience, etc.);
(2)
Check publicly available material and find out how different stakeholders in our PPI sector deal with the topic: e.g. forest companies/wood suppliers, pulp producers, paper producers (various product groups), suppliers of other goods (pigments, chemicals and machinery), customers (printers, converters), consumers, other stakeholders like ENGOs (Non
Governmental Organisations);
(3)
Put a short file with your findings to our Moodle meeting room (till Sunday, 21
th, latest);
!
If we manage with our conference tool, we all would give a short audio/video presentation of our respective findings in our next meeting on Monday 22
th(3-5 minutes per person);
!
Please prepare own questions for our final test in order to check your personal learning and knowledge: Let’s collect such questions in our Moodle room.
!
