Appendix-1 Member List of the Study Team (1) First Field Survey

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[

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ppendices ]

Appendix-1．Member List of the Study Team ... A1-1 Appendix-2．Study Schedule... A2-1 Appendix-3．List of Parties Concerned in the Recipient Country... A3-1 Appendix-4．Minutes of Discussion（M/ D） ... A4-1

Appendix-4.1 M/ D on 25^th January 2012... A4-1 Appendix-4.2 M/ D on 19^th September 2012 ... A4-15 Appendix-5．Soft Component (Technical Assistance) Plan... A5-1 Appendix-6．References... A6-1

Appendix-6.1 Map of Beneficiary Area... A6-1 Appendix-6.2 Calculation of the bar screen on Head works... A6-2 Appendix-6.3 Calculation of design flood discharge and drought water discharge... A6-3 Appendix-6.4 A study for the result of Taklai River discharge measurement... A6-9 Appendix-6.5 Summary of WUA workshop on the Taklai Irrigation System... A6-10 Appendix-6.6 Summary of Household Survey on the Taklai Irrigation System ... A6-11 Appendix-6.7 List of Obtaining Document ... A6-13 Appendix-6.8 Monitoring Plan and Environmental Check List ... A6-18 Appendix-6.9 Estimation of the existing canal section... A6-23 Appendix-6.10 Environmental Approval ... A6-25 Appendix-6.11 Report of geological & soil mechanical investigation ... A6-28

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Appendix-1 Member List of the Study Team (1) First Field Survey

Name Position/Expertise Organization

Mr. Nobuo SANBE

Senior Advisor Japan International Cooperation

Agency (JICA) Mr. Masahide

YOSHIDA

Program Officer Rural Development Department

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Mr. Kazuhisa OKADA

Chief Consultant/Irrigation & Drainage Planning/Management, Operation &

Maintenance

Project Operation Division No.2, International Department, Sanyu Consultants Inc.

Mr. Kazuma AKIYOSHI

Deputy Chief Consultant / Facility Designing (1)/Natural Condition Survey (Topographic & Geological)

Mr. Hitoshi TOKU

Facility Designing (2) / Construction Planning & Cost Estimation

Mr. Toru

NAKAGAWA

Hydrologic & River Survey / Natural Condition Survey (Meteorology)

Ms. Ai

INOGUCHI

Agriculture / Farmer's Organization Project Operation Division No.1, International Department, Sanyu Consultants Inc.

Mr. Hideki ISHIKAWA

Environmental Research

/ Environment and Social Consideration / Management, Operation &

Maintenance (2)

Mr. Shinta ISHIDA

Coordinator

/ Natural Condition Survey (2)

Mr. Takamitsu INOUE

Construction Planning & Cost Estimation (2)

(2) Second Field Survey

Name Position/Expertise Organization

Mr. Narihide NAGAYO

Senior Advisor Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Ms. Arisa

KIKUCHI

Programme Officer Rural Development Department

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Mr. Kazuhisa

OKADA

Chief Consultant/Irrigation & Drainage Planning /Management,Operation

& Maintenance

Mr. Takamitsu INOUE

Construction Planning & Cost Estimation (2)

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Appendix-2.　Schedule of The Study Team (1) First Field Survey

A：Kazuhisa OKADA B：Kazuma AKIYOSHI C：Hitoshi TOKU D：Toru NAKAGAWA

No Schedule Accommodation

1 Jan.14 Sat A

Chubu(TG645/11:00)--Bangkok(15:45) B F G H

Haneda(JL033/0:05+1day)--Bangkok(5:20) D

2 Jan.15 Sun Thimphu A B D F G H

3 Jan.16 Mon ^Thimphu ^{A B} ^D ^{F G H}

4 Jan.17 Tue A B D

Preparation of the site survey at Thimphu F G H

5 Jan.18 Wed Thimphu A B D F G H

6 Jan.19 Thu A B

Preparation of the site survey at Thimphu D F G H

7 Jan.20 Fri Gelephu A B D F G H

8 Jan.21 Sat Gelephu A B D F G H

9 Jan.22 Sun Thimphu A B

Site survey at Gelephu Gelephu D F G H

Narita(TG641/10:45)--Bngk(15:45) Bangkok E

Chubu(TG645/11:00)--Bngk(15:45) Bangkok C

10 Jan.23 Mon A B

D F G H

Bngk(KB141/7:20)--Paro(10:45) C E

11 Jan.24 Tue Thimphu A B C D E F G H

12 Jan.25 Wed A

Contract with local contractor for the survey B C D E G H

Meeting with C/P F

13 Jan.26 Thu Thimphu A B C D E F G H

14 Jan.27 Fri Gelephu A B D E F G

Study on local contractor Thimphu C H

15 Jan.28 Sat ^Gelephu ^{A B} ^{D E F G}

Study on local contractor Thimphu C H

16 Jan.29 Sun A B G

Visit the river water observatory D

Work Shop with WUC E F

C H

Name Day

Day Persons

Natita(TG641/10:45)--Bangkok(15:45)

Bangkok

Bangkok(KB131/8:55)--Paro(11:55) /Team meeting

CC. JICA office/ CC. MoAF, DoA

Meeting with related persons, DoA . Preparation of the site survey at Thimphu

Meeting with local contractor for the survey

CC: MoAF,GNHC,DoA

Thimphu

Move to Gelephu (from Thimphu)

Site Survey

Move to Thimphu (from Gelephu)

Discussion with Engineering Division, DoA

Thimphu Move to Thimphu (from Gelephu)

Selection of the local contractor for the survey and nego.

Signing of M/M at MoAF / Report to JICA

Thimphu

Meeting with DoA and related department

Meeting with C/P , local contractor

Facility Survey (High Level Canal)

Gelephu

E：Ai INOGUTI F：Hideki ISHIKAWA G：Shinta ISHIDA H：Takamitsu INOUE

Thimphu

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A：Kazuhisa OKADA B：Kazuma AKIYOSHI C：Hitoshi TOKU D：Toru NAKAGAWA

Name Day

Day Persons

E：Ai INOGUTI F：Hideki ISHIKAWA G：Shinta ISHIDA H：Takamitsu INOUE

17 Jan.30 Mon ^{A B} ^G

Accompany local contractor D

C H

18 Jan.31 Tue A B G

C H

19 Feb.1 Wed A B G

Site Survey(Farmer) E F

C H

20 Feb.2 Thu Accompany local contractor D G

Site Survey(AMC,CMU) A E

Site Survey(Farmer) F

B C H

21 Feb.3 Fri Site Survey(Material),Accompany local contractor A B D G

Site Survey(Farmer) E F

C H

22 Feb.4 Sat Thimphu A B C H

Data collection at Geleph Gelephu D

Site Survey(Farmer) Gelephu E F G

23 Feb.5 Sun Phuntsholing A C H

Thimphu B D F

Site Survey(Farmer) Gelephu E G

24 Feb.6 Mon Phuntsholing A C H

Thimphu B D F

Site Survey(Farmer) Gelephu E G

25 Feb.7 Tue Thimphu A C H

Thimphu B D F

Gelephu E G

26 Feb.8 Wed Thimphu A B C D E F G H

27 Feb.9 Thu Thimphu A B C D E F G H

28 Feb.10 Fri Thimphu A B C D E F G H

29 Feb.11 Sat A B D F G H

Data collection at Thimphu Thimphu C E

30 Feb.12 Sun A

Bngk(JL/22:20-1d)-Haneda(6:00) D

Bngk(TG644/0:05)--Chubu(7:30) B F G H

Paro(KB140/10:50)--Bngk(16:15) C E

31 Feb.13 Mon ^E

C Facility Survey ( Link Canal、Low Level Canal)

Gelephu

Study for the procurement market/ Study on construction Site Survey(Material)

Gelephu

Study for the procurement market/ Study on construction Survey of the river flow rate / Study on construction

Gelephu

Study for the procurement market/ Study on construction

Gelephu

Colleting data at Gelephu

Gelephu Study for the procurement market

Move to Phuntsholing (from Thimphu)

Move to Thimphu( from Phuntsholing)

Meeting with DoA and related department Move to Thimphu (from Gelephu)

Study for the procurement market Meeting with DoA and related department

Move to Thimphu( from Phuntsholing)

Bngk(TG644/0:05)--Chubu(7:30) CC: related department, Report to JICA Paro(KB130/11:00)--Bngk(16:00)

Bngk(TG642/23:50-1d)-Narita(7:30)

Bngk(TG642/23:50-1day)--Narita(7:30) Meeting with DoA and related department Move to Thimphu (from Gelephu) Meeting with DoA and related department

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(2) Second Field Survey

A：Kazuhisa OKADA H：Takamitsu INOUE

1 Sept.13 Thu

Haneda(TG661/00:20)--Bangkok(04:50) Bangkok(KB141/06:50)--Paro(10:15) CC to JICA Office

CC to DoA CC to GNHC

Thimphu A H

2 Sept.14 Fri Move from Thimphu to Gelephu Gelephu A H

3 Sept.15 Sat Site visit to Taklai Irrigation

Survey and Collecting Information Gelephu A H

4 Sept.16 Sun Move from Gelephu to Thimphu Thimphu A H

5 Sept.17 Mon Discussions with DoA regrarding the Survey Report (draft) Thimphu A H

6 Sept.18 Tue Discussions with DoA and GNHC regrarding the Minutes (draft) Thimphu A H

7 Sept.19 Wed Signing of Minutes Thimphu A H

8 Sept.20 Thu

Move to Paro

Paro(KB126/11:10)--Bangkok(16:15) Bangkok(TG640/22:10)--

Thimphu A A A

H H

9 Sept.21 Fri Narita(06:20)

Bangkok(TG644/00:05)--Chubu(08:00)

A H Name

Day

Day Persons

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Appendix-3. List of participants

No. Name Position

1Sherub Gyaltshen Secretary

1Chencho Norbu Director

2G.B.Chettri Agriculture Specialist

3Tenzin Chief Engineer

4Karma Tshethar Exective Engineer

5Kelzang Tenzin Duputy Exective Engineer 6Khando Thering Duputy Exective Engineer

1Tenzin Chophel Chief

1Karma Tshiteem Secretary

2Norbu Wanchuk Senior Planning Officer

1Karma Dupchu Head

1Tshewang Norbu Program Officer

1Dasho Kinzang Wangdi Dzongdag（Chairperson）

2Kesang Dorji

3Jigme Dorji District Agriculture Officer 4Kinley Namgay Assi.District Agriculture Officer 5Dasho Yeshey R. Dorji Drungpa,Gelephu

1Wangda Dukpa Officialing Program Director

1Rinchen Wangdi Executive Engineer

1Ugyen Dukpa Regional Manager

(1)Ministry of Agriculture and Forest(MoAF)

(2)Department of Agriculture( in MoAF)

(3)Policy and Planning Division(in MoAF)

(5)Hydrology Division, Department of Hydro-met Services, Ministry of Economic Affairs

<Thimphu>

(4)Gross National Happiness Commission(GNHC)

(10)RAMC<Bhur>

(9)Central Machinery Unit(CMU)<Bhur>

(6) Department of Disaster Management, Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs

<Gelephu, Sarpang, Bhur>

(7)Sarpang Dzongkhag

(8)Research and Development Centre(RDC)<Bhur>

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1Sangay Tshering Gup (Head of a gewog)

2Tshering Deputy Chairman, High Level Cannal

3^Chogyal Mill Manager

4D.K Ghalley Extention Agriculture, Umling

5Kinzang Dorji Secretary, CAFCO

6Yeshey Wangmo Chuyur Tshogpa (Village cheif)

7Karchung Karchung Water Guard

8Ugyen Tenzin Tshogpa (Village cheif)

9Nidup Water Guard

10Sonam Lhamo Tshogpa (Village cheif)

11Tshewang Lhamo GAO (Gewog Administrative Officer)

12Leki Wangchuk Gaydrung (Gewog Clerk)

13Tsheten Dorji Tshogpa (Village cheif)

14^Gyeltshen Tshogpa (Village cheif)

15Rinchen Choden Chuynr Tshogpa (Village cheif)

16Dema Lhendup Water Guard

1Sangay Yanton Gup (Head of a gewog)

2^Tshering Deputy Chairman, High Level Cannal

3Ugyen Tshering Mangmi (Deputy Chairman)

4^Penden ^Member

5Tobden Member

6Keazang Cnogyal Member

7Kamjur Member

8^Karma ^Member

9Wlbdr Subba Member

10^Rinzin ^Member

11Yangzon Tshogpa (Village cheif)

12Janbu Dendup Tshogpa (Village cheif) 13Rinchen Dorji Tshogpa (Village cheif)

14Sangay lendup Member

(12) Sershong Gewog Office<Gelephu>

(11)Chuzagang Gewog Office<Gelephu>

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Appendix-4. Minutes of Discussion（Ｍ／Ｄ）

Appendix-4.1 M/D on 25th January 2012

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Appendix-5 Soft Component (Technical Assistance) Plan

The Preparatory Study on The Project for Improvement of TAKLAI Irrigation System in Sarpang District in The Kingdom of Bhutan

Soft Component Plan

C o n t e n t s

1. Background of planning soft components... ………… 1 2. Target of soft components ... ………… 2 3. Output of soft components ... ………… 2 4. Identification of outputs attainment ... ………… 3 5. Activities of soft components (input planning) ... ………… 4 6. Procurement of resources for implementation ... ………… 4 7. Schedule of soft component implementation ... ………… 6 8. Outcomes of soft components ... ………… 6 9. Estimated project cost of soft components... ………… 6 10. Responsibility of Bhutan side ... ………… 7

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1 1. Background of planning soft components

The Kingdom of Bhutan (hereinafter referred to as “Bhutan”) expects to recover function of Taklai irrigation system that is the largest irrigation system therein, with objective of improving poverty ratio and food self-sufficiency rate (especially rice). The target facilities to be constructed in this Project as main ones covering the Project area (target irrigation area 1,120ha) consist of (1) new construction of the integrated headworks (including river water gauge), (2) new construction and rehabilitation of the head race, (3) reinforcing work of the existing gabion revetment, (4) repair of the main canal (high level canal/ low level canal/ link canal) and (5) protection works for farmland erosion (river dike).

Operation and maintenance of main facilities targeted in this Project out of the above-listed facilities are currently carried out by Research and Development Centre (RDC) and Central Machinery Unit (CMU) that are a subordinate organization of Engineering Division (ED) in Department of Agricultural (DoA) of Ministry of Agriculture and Forests, while that of the secondary and minor ones are managed by Water Users Associations (WUA) of Chuzagang Geog and Sershong Geog that have been organized in 2001.

Share of services on O/M of irrigation facilities and water management

Facility Organizations in charge of O/M management

・ Head works, main canal, link canal, river dike RDC/ CMU

・ Secondary canals and further minor canals WUA

To realize the above-mentioned Project goals in a sustainable manner, long-term utilization of the irrigation facilities as well as equitable and proper water allocation are essential. To this end, though the currently existing facilities have been managed by the above cited organizations by conventional adopted method, they have been suffering from constraints/ issues of ① insufficient knowledge for formulating plan of facility operation and maintenance and poor technical know-how to securely put the plan into practice, ② retarded environment to train water management technicians for accelerating effective/ rational utilization of irrigation water. Therefore, technical support by soft component is planned to solve these issues, in addition to the rehabilitation of the existing facilities.

1.1 Current situation and issues of the activities of the management and O/M of irrigation facilities RDC supports WUA for general matters in O/M and CMU holds such heavy machinery as back-hoes, bulldozers and trucks and undertakes emergency construction work including restoration of main canal and river revetment damaged by floods, as well as O/M work including repair of deteriorated part of facilities and replacement of gates. On the other hand, WUA s located in two Geogs have elected teens committee members respectively to organize individual Water Users Committee (WUC) that takes initiative of such activities as collection of water fee, routine water management and regular O/M practices (cleaning of canals, weeding etc).

O/M cost of the facilities except expenses of organization management of WUA is provided by Ministry of Agriculture and Forests (Department of Agriculture) as a part of national budget allocated

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2

to RDC/CMU, district and geog offices. WUA collects water fee at the rate of 100Nu (equivalent to 170Yen)/ year/ household from its member households to appropriate mainly for allowance of water guard and emergency payment of canal repairing cost, while activity of WUC members and O/M activities by member households held twice a year are practiced free of charge. In this context, rate of water collection has been 100%. In this way, organizational system of O/M has been built well all right, but its nature of activities is traditional. Therefore, in order to maintain and manage the facilities that are newly constructed or rehabilitated by this Project as permanent ones, it is necessary to make O/M activities equipped with the concept of preventive maintenance measures. In other words, unless proper routine inspection and evaluation for deterioration are properly practiced and conservative measures (simple repair) are taken, long-term utilization of the rehabilitated facilities is endangered.

1.2 Current situation and issues of the water management by WUA

Major practice in water management by WUAs is gate operation (check gates and division gates）, and conventional operation based on acquired experiences has been continued along high level canal section (Sershong Geog) and low level canal section (Chuzagang Geog), but the methods applied to these sections are considerably different. The former used to regulate water diversion every 24 hours covering all irrigation blocks, while the latter divides the all division gates into 3 groups, and applies rotated irrigation of every three days for each block.

When the facilities are improved by this Project, daily discharge within the canal is increased to a large extent, thus necessity of paying caution on ineffective discharge or improper water distribution induced by excessive/ too little division, damage to canals caused by overflow would result from the improved water supply. Besides, as safety net measures for facilities, such emergency management practices as critical discharge interception inside canals would become important matters.

2. Target of soft components

In the light of current state of facility operation and management activities as well as water management as mentioned in the fore-going background, on the premise of that Bhutanese government is continuously engaged in the improvement activities even after the completion of this Project, the soft component is planned aiming at a goal; “the stakeholders learn and master necessary knowledge for operation and maintenance of the newly constructed and rehabilitated irrigation facilities as well as water management”.

3. Output of soft components

Targeted output obtained by accomplishing the above mentioned goal is expected as “improved capacity of operating and maintaining the facilities”, the concrete contents of the activities to this end is tabulated below. The target stakeholders for capacity building are planned in total at about 34 staff who are responsible for O/M and water management including those in district/ geog offices (5 persons) and members of WUC (23 persons) as well as those in charge of water management (6

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3 persons).

(1) Understanding of capacity, structure, functions etc of new and rehabilitated facilities

To instruct basic knowledge so that RDC/CMU and WUA can understand capacity, structure, functions etc of new and rehabilitated facilities in order to make the facilities fully exert their functions and to maintain them in a sustainable manner.

(2) Provision and management of irrigation facility inventory table

To instruct how to collect information on irrigation facilities (scale, quantity, construction/ rehabilitation years, degree of decrepitude, rehabilitation cost etc) and to put them in order and to manage them.

(3) Formulation of annual activity plan for operation & maintenance

To instruct to formulate annual activity plan for operation & maintenance (canal dredging & weeding, maintenance mending, procurement of spare-parts etc) of the target facilities (head works and canals) in consideration with annual irrigation schedule in a premise of rice double cropping.

(4) Mastering methods of monitoring and feeding back of the above cited O/M activity plan

To instruct techniques of monitoring on each activity in the annual O/M plan so as to feed back monitored result into the O/M plan scheduled for the next season.

(5) Formulation of adequate water allocation plan

To instruct method of operating water gates (check gates and division ones) to realize adequate water distribution based on the result of discussion with WUAs, thus planning standardization of essential items of O/M practices. In particular, it is necessary to pay attention to keep impartial water allocation between High Level area and Low Level area when water intake discharge is decreased at integrated head works during drought.

(6) Provision of irrigation facility O/M manual

Summarizing the result of examination/ elaboration of the above described items so as to provide an easy comprehensive reference for practical use of RDC/CMU and WUA. In particular, it should contain distinct division of responsibility to be taken by RDC/CMU and WUA, respectively, for the management of the newly constructed facilities, also referring to routine inspection items and methods of facility conservation aiming at preventive maintenance measures for expanding working life of the said facilities. Further, site-instruction is provided using this reference, and revision is made on the required items for O/M based on the result of site-instruction thus finalizing the manual.

4. Identification of outputs attainment

Methods of identifying degree of attaining output of the established soft component are shown in the following table. The degree of attaining the output is identified by the indicators tabulated below.

Method of identifying degree of attaining output

Output Indicator Method of identification

Improved capacity of O/M of the facilities

(1) Over70% of target members participates in the training to master basic knowledge of the facilities.

(1) Training record and Result of questionnaire targeting participant trainees after completion.

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4

Output Indicator Method of identification

(2) Over70% of target members participates in the training to deepen knowledge on the provision of inventory table and method of managing it.

(3) Over70% of target members participates in the training to master techniques of formulating annual O/M activity plan.

(4) Over70% of target members participates in the training to master knowledge on monitoring and feedback related to O/M practices.

(5) Over70% of target members participates in the training to reach agreement on establishing method of gate operation and rules thereon.

(6) Over70% of target members participates in the training and the manual is completely drafted.

(2) ditto

(3) ditto

(4) ditto

(5) ditto

(6) ditto

5. Activities of soft components （Input planning）

Contents of the soft-ware component are shown below:

Name of support program Target stakeholders Content of the activities Improved capacity of O/M

of the facilities

Engineers / technical staff of RDC/CMU and District / Geog, members of WUC and gate keepers

(1) Understanding of capacity, structure, functions etc of new and rehabilitated facilities

(2) Provision and management of irrigation facility inventory table (3) Formulation of annual activity plan for operation & maintenance (4) Mastering methods of monitoring and feeding back of the above

cited O/M activity plan

(5) Formulation of adequate water allocation plan (6) Provision of irrigation facility O/M manual

The training is provided in Dzongkha language paying regard to members of WUAs. For this purpose, after draft of technical materials for use of the training is provided in English after thorough elaboration between Japanese engineer in charge and Bhutanese technical staff, a local technical resource person explains the contents of training materials to the trainees in Dzongkha language. Also, a meeting hall is to be used for the training place in consideration of the convenience WUA members.

6. Procurement of resources for implementation

The training in the soft component is planned as direct support by Japanese consultant engineer for the trainees of mainly the targeted technical staff (C/P) of the Royal Government of Bhutan (Engineering Division of Department of Agriculture in Ministry of Agriculture and Forests), without resorting to local engineers on sub-contract basis. The reason why providing the component on direct support basis lies in Bhutanese governmental technical staff has no only have basic knowledge on irrigation techniques but also fluently speak English, local consultants who have techniques on O/M of irrigation facilities and to whom the training can be sub-contracted could not be identified in this study.

In addition to the above-cited reasons, it is considered important to ask Bhutanese governmental technical staff (C/P) to get involved in the role-sharing and joint activities from the very beginning of the soft component so that they can voluntarily take initiative in the continued development of the O/M activities expected in the post-project phase.

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5

① Japanese expert: 1 person

The Japanese expert is assumed to have enough experiences of water management techniques and facility operation and maintenance techniques including preventive maintenance measures, and to be able to manage the entire services of proposed soft component as well as the instruction for C/P.

② Counter parts of the project implementing organization（C/P）: 2 persons

An irrigation engineer belonging to Engineering Division（ED）in Department of Agriculture and a technical staff of the local office belonging to RDC and/or CMU are assumed. After implementing the soft component, they are assumed later engaging in monitoring on the activities of WUAs and also in additional instruction / training to the original one provided by the soft component.

The following table summarizes share of work and number of days scheduled for each activity.

Resources of soft-ware component implementation and contents of services

Working Days Support

Program

Activities Target Group

Person in charge

Work Items

Japanese C/P Preparation Domestic

Work

- Japanese Soft component review and preparation for field work of plan

5.0

Sub-total (Domestic preparation) Sub-total × 1 Japanese 5.0

Consultation with Bhutan side on the activity plan/

preparation of schedule

5.0 Preparation Field Work - Japanese

Office preparation 2.0

Sub-total (Field preparation) Sub-total × 1 Japanese 7.0

Understanding the condition of the Project construction 1.0 Japanese

Preparation, supervising and formulation on training 3.0

Understanding the condition of the Project construction 1.0 (1)Understanding

of capacity, structure, functions etc of the facilities

RDC/CMU, District/

Geog office, WUC

C/P

Assistance of preparation, supervising and formulation on training

3.0 To study the method of inventory survey 1.0

Japanese

Preparation and formulation on inventory survey 2.0

Implementation of inventory survey 2.0

(2) Provision and management of irrigation facility inventory table

Ditto

C/P

Assistance of formulation of inventory survey 2.0 To review existing O/M activities 1.0

Japanese

To review existing O/M activities 1.0

(3) Formulation of annual activity plan for O/M

Ditto

C/P

3.0 To study the method of monitoring and feeding back 1.0

Japanese

To study the method of monitoring and feeding back 1.0 (4) Mastering

methods of monitoring and feeding back of the above O/M

Ditto

C/P

3.0 To study existing water allocation method 1.0

Japanese

To study existing water allocation method 1.0 (5) Formulation

of adequate water allocation plan

Ditto

C/P

3.0 To formulate draft of O/M manual 10.0

Japanese

To Supervise training and to revise O/M manual 10.0

Assistance to formulate draft of O/M manual 10.0 Improved

capacity of O/M of the facilities

(6) Provision of irrigation facility O/M manual

Ditto

C/P

Assistance to Supervise training and to revise O/M manual

10.0 Sub-total (Improved capacity of O/M) Sub-total (1 Japanese, 2 C/P) 39.0 80..0

Total (Domestic activities) 5.0

(0.2MM)

-

Total (Field activities)

Capacity utilization

( 1/ (22days/30days)) 46.0 (2.1MM)

80.0 (3.6MM)

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6 7. Schedule of soft component implementation

As indicated in the following implementation process, it is planned to implement the soft component activities for about 2 months from January 2015, the month of almost completing the construction work. The reason why this period is selected lies in that it is desirable to arrange the training in a view and atmosphere where newly constructed or rehabilitated facilities are visible that makes mastering of basic knowledge easier to learn and also desirable to utilize the actually installed new facilities for the training on the operation of various kinds of water gates.

2015 Domestic Local site

Content of Soft Component Activity

January February March Work MM Work MM

1. Domestic preparatory work 0.2

2. Local preparatory work 0.3

3. Improving capacity of facility O/M

(1) Understanding of capacity, structure, functions etc

of new and rehabilitated facilities 0.2

(2) Provision and management of irrigation facility

inventory table 0.1

(3) Formulation of annual activity plan for O/M 0.2

(4) Mastering methods of monitoring and feeding back

of the above cited O/M activity plan 0.2

(5) Formulation of adequate water allocation plan 0.2

(6) Provision of irrigation facility O/M manual 0.9

4. Personal assignment plan

①Japanese expert（1 person） 0.2 2.1

②C/P staff of the implementing organizations（Σ3.(1)

～(6)×2psns） 3.6

8. Outcomes of soft components

The following include in the outcomes of the soft component: ① Completion report of the soft component ② Irrigation facility O/M manual, and these outcomes are summarized soon after the completion thereof and submitted to the targeted WUAs, the Royal Government of Bhutan and JICA.

9. Estimated project cost of soft components

The following gives overall cost of the soft component.

Item Project cost （thousand yen）

A Direct personal cost （Japanese consultant） 1,789

B Direct implementing cost 1,398

C Indirect cost 2,290

Total 5,477

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7 10. Responsibility of Bhutan side

It has been agreed as a premise of the Project that the irrigation facilities rehabilitated by this Project are operated, maintained and managed by Bhutan side. In fulfilling the goal of the soft component, contents of the activities that the Bhutan side should carry out with responsibilities based on the afore-mentioned premise are the following:

① Assignment and participation of two staff of C/P including their expenditure in activities,

② Provision of office space (assuming RDC/ CMU Bhur in location) for the scheduled activities and

③ Continuous monitoring on the state of organizational management of WUA and provision of relevant advices and additional training reflecting the outcome of the monitoring.

10.1 Sustainable activities required to be done by Bhutan side

Because such basic approach as O/M practices and water management are unchanged as they are, it is required as a sustainable and continuous approach to master basic knowledge on the new or repaired facilities to reflect it on the management from now on.

10.2 Possibility of implementation

Since the management organization has already been established, in addition, communications among government organizations and local WUAs have been smooth, and it can be expected from such a background that necessary support by the government for the local societies is certainly served.

Therefore, continued and sustainable O/M practices are judged fully feasible.

10.3 Predictable limiting factors

While the budget required for O/M work of certain scale has already been procured in ministry of agriculture and forestry, rapid O/M work is essential for securing long-lasting utilization of the existing facilities, among others, it is considered important to take proper repairing measures while the damaged scale remains in limited scale once damages takes place. In particular, head works and head race are stream structures, and if their damages brought about by a flood are later left intact, the scale of damages may possibly be escalated to such an enormous extent that can not any more be repaired or renewed by the technical capacity of Bhutan. It follows that shortage of preparation for consciousness and technology towards preventive maintenance measures or stock management would become the most serious limiting factor/ constraint of O/M activities.

10.4 Countermeasures against limiting factors

As effective measures to be taken against the above cited limiting factor, it is important not only to manage / apply budget, but also the effort of improving awareness/ consciousness of managing staff on routine practices of preventive maintenance measures or stock management or establishing conservation techniques in Bhutan on the basis of training provided as a soft component

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05002000m10001500

⑤

②

① ④

⑥ ③

DRAWING TITLE: DRAWING No.:

PROJECT: UNIT TITLE: UNITSCALESHEETSIZEPROJ.No.REV.

000

Benefited Area A3

Taklai Irrigation System

A6-1 Appendix-6.1. Map of Beneficiary Area

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Appendix-6-2 Calculation of the bar screen on Head works

The way of calculation for the impact by bounding stone in the water flow might not be authorized although, referring to the design criteria, namely, "the Measure for the Fall Down Stone" which is used to design the protection fence or wall along the road in Japan, the durability of bar screen for the bounding stone is examined by above Japanese criteria

a) Calculation of maximum impact

Calculation is done by below formula shown on "the Measure for the Fall Down Stone"

P max=2.455W^2/3･λ^2/5･H^3/5

Where 、 W : Stone weight (t) (2.65-1.00) × 4/3 π×

(1.00)³=6.91tf

H : Height by fallen down (m) Approx.0.10m (Correspond with the difference between bar screen and crest of head works)

λ : Rahme effectiveness 1,000t/m² (Correspond with hard materials) P max=2.455×6.91^2/3×1,000^2/5･0.10^3/5=35.5 tf

b) Calculation of bending moment at maximum impact M max=35.5 × 0.90 ×1/2 = 15.98 tf･m ⇒ 1,598,000kg･m

c) Calculation of the ultimate strength of bar screen for bending moment Calculation by follows formula

σy･Z(Capasity) ＞ M max (calculated value)

ここに、σy : ultimate strength of bar screen 2,895kg/cm³

Z : Section modules of round materials π/4･r³=π/4･10³=785.4 cm2 σy･Z = 2,895kg/cm³×785.4 cm² =2,273,733 kg･m ＞ 1,598,000kg･m → OK

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Appendix-6.3. Calculation of design flood discharge and drought water discharge at planned head work site

Design flood discharge

As a result of analysis using rainfall data at Bhur observation station, 1,710m³/s is calculated as design flood discharge at planned head work site (hereinafter referred to as the site). This number is bigger than all-time big of flood discharge calculated using flood trace on the rock located on the right side river bank at the site.

Drought water discharge

Discharge of Taklai River measured on 1st February, 2012 at the planned head work site was approximately 3.8m³/s. In other hand, as drought water discharge with 1time/1year occurrence probability, 1.12m³/s is calculated using discharge data at the other rivers which catchment areas have similar natural condition to that of Taklai River’s (hereinafter referred to as the similar river). Therefore it is inferred that planned maximum irrigation requirement 2.24m³/s will not be able to be supplied from Taklai River all the year.

1.1 Design flood discharge Calculation Means

Design flood discharge is set up considering results calculated according to the following 2 means.

Coefficients utilized in the following means are quoted from Japanese standard.

(1) Estimation using rainfall data at Bhur observation station (2) Estimation using flood trace at the site

Result of calculation

(1) Estimation using rainfall data at Bhur observation station

Flood discharge is estimated by rational formula shown as below.

Q: peak flood discharge (m³/s), f: coefficient of discharge,

r: average rainfall within flood reaching time (mm/hr), A: catchment area (km²)

Procedure of estimation is shown as below.

i) Determination of target years of occurrence probability

ii) Calculation of rainfall with target years of occurrence probability iii) Calculation of flood reaching time

iv) Calculation of average rainfall within flood reaching time

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v) Determination of coefficient of discharge vi) Calculation of flood discharge

i) Determination of target years of occurrence probability

Usually, in-service duration of head work is from 40 to 50 years. Additionally, applying Japanese standard to Taklai irrigation system, target years of occurrence probability of rainfall is from 10 to 50. Considering these matter, 50years is selected as target years of occurrence probability.

Grade of river Target Yeats of occurrence probability for

planning (Loss probability year)

Grade-A More than 200

Grade-B Main section at general river

From 100 to 200

Grade-C River in urban area From 50 to 100

Grade-D From 10 to 50

Grade-E

The other section at general river

or secondary river General river

Less than10 ii) Calculation of rainfall with target years of occurrence probability

Since meteorological data have not been measured within the catchment area of Taklai River, rainfall with target years of occurrence probability is calculated using data at Bhur observation station located nearby catchment area of Taklai River.

As a result of calculation 465mm/day is calculated as rainfall with 50years occurrence probability.

*Bhur observation station is located inside of RNR research and development center in Bhur city. Since this center is located within plane area with low elevation, the pattern of rainfall is different from catchment area of the site which is occupied by mountainous area mainly. However generally Bhutan has tendency of rainfall that rainfall becomes high as elevation goes down, so that calculated result using data at Bhur observation station is supposed to be bigger than that of the site. Therefore since to calculate discharge using this result is to be safe side, using data at Bhur observation station is judged to have no problem iii) Calculation of flood reaching time

Flood reaching time is calculated by a) inflow time, the time of flow going down from the edge of catchment area to river, plus b) flow down time, the time of flow going down from the edge of river to the site.

Occurrence probability year

Rainfall with each years of occurrence probability

(mm/day)

1 217 5 287 10 339

50 465

100 525 200 588

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a) Inflow time

According to the time mentioned in the Japanese standard, 20min is selected as inflow time.

b) Flow down time

Flow down time is calculated by experimental formula mentioned below.

Kraven Formula

T: flow down time (sec), L: length of flow path (m), W: flow down velocity (m/s), I: incline of flow path Rzhiha Formula

,

T: flow down time (sec), L: length of flow path (m), W: flow down velocity (m/s), h: fall (m)

Flow down time calculated according to each formula is mentioned in the table below. As results, 99min, average of result of each formula, is selected as flow down time.

Item Number Length of

flow path L 24.13km

Fall h 2,300m

Incline of

flow path I 1/10.49

Kraven formula

3.5m/s Flow down

velocity W

Rziha

formula 4.88m/s Kraven

formula

6,894sec Flow down

time T

Rziha formula

4,945sec

Average 5,920sec

=99min

Item Inflow time

Mountainous area 30min

Mountainous area with steep lope 20min

I More than

1/100 1/100 - 1/200 Less than 1/200

W 3.5m/s 3.0m/s 2.1m/s

CA=86.24km²

Elevation 2,600m

Elevation 300m

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c) Flood reaching time

120min (= 2hr) is calculated as flood reaching time using selected inflow time and calculated flow down time.

Inflow time Flow down time

20min + 99min = 119min (nearly equal 120min) iv) Calculation of average rainfall within flood reaching time

Since only daily rainfall has been measured at Bhur observation station, average rainfall within flood reaching time is calculated by experimental formula, Mononobe formula, using daily rainfall data. As a result, 102mm/hr is calculated as average rainfall within flood reaching time.

=102mm/hr Rt: average rainfall within t hours (mm/hr), R24: daily rainfall (mm/day),

t: flood reaching time (hr)

v) Determination of coefficient of discharge

0.7 is selected as coefficient of discharge according to the Japanese standard.

vi) Calculation of flood discharge

As a result of calculation by rational formula using parameter set up above, 1,710m³/s is calculated as peak flood discharge with 50years occurrence probability.

=1,710m³/s (2) Estimation using flood trace at planned head work site

As a result of calculation using 6m depth, measured by flood trace on the rock of right side river bank at the site, 1,330m³/s is calculated as all-time big flood discharge.

(3) Design flood discharge

As results of examination mentioned above, since it is bigger than all-time big flood discharge, 1,710m^3/s calculated by rational formula as 50 years occurrence probability flood discharge is selected as design flood discharge.

Item Coefficient of discharge Clustered urban area 0.9

General urban area 0.8

Farm land 0.6

Paddy land 0.7

Mountainous area 0.7

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1.2 Drought water discharge Calculation method

Drought water discharge is set up considering results calculated according to the following 2 means.

(1) Measurement result of discharge at the site

(2) Estimation using discharge data at the similar rivers Result of calculation

(1) Measurement result of discharge at planned head work site

Discharge measured at planned head work site on 1st February, 2012 was approximately 3.8m³/s.

(2) Estimation using discharge data at the similar river

i) Similarity of natural condition

Generally, main rivers in Bhutan have its source in the alpine-tundra area with its elevation more than 3,000m, represented by the Himalayas. In other hand, as for Taklai River maximum elevation of catchment area is around 2,600m and catchment area does not have the alpine-tundra area. Considering these condition, similarity of natural condition of the catchment area to that of Taklai River is judged by criteria shown as below.

a) Elevation of catchment area is less than 3,000m b) Catchment area does not have alpine-tundra area.

c) Catchment area is close to or nearby that of Taklai River.

ii) River discharge data at the similar rivers

Rivers conforming to criteria mentioned above are Mau River, Bhur River and Sarpang River. At these rivers, minimum water discharge is measured once a year during January to March. Analysis results of drought water discharge of each river are shown in the table below. Unit discharge of each river is almost same.

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Drought water discharge (m³/s) (Unit discharge (m³/s/km²)) River

Catchment area

(km²) 1time /10years

1time /5years

1time /1year

Maximu m in last

5years

Second maximum in

last 10years

Remarks

Mau

River 744.63 8.1644 (0.0110)

8.7004 (0.0117)

9.7948 (0.0132)

7.7510 (0.0104)

7.9610 (0.0107)

1992 - 2007 (Excluding 1993) Bhur

River 81.00 0.8157

(0.0101)

0.8776 (0.0108)

1.0111 (0.0125)

0.8260 (0.0102)

0.8080 (0.0100)

1993 - 2008 (Excluding 2004) Sarpang

River 135.25 1.4033 (0.0104)

1.5326 (0.0113)

1.8140 (0.0134)

1.6930 (0.0125)

1.5940

(0.0118) 1995 - 2008 Average of

unit discharge (m³/s/km²)

0.0105 0.0113 0.0130 0.0110 0.0108

iii) Estimation of drought water discharge at planned head work site

Estimated drought water discharge at the site multiplying average of unit discharge shown in the table above and catchment area at the site is shown in the table below.

Drought water discharge (m³/s) (Unit discharge (m³/s/km²)) River

Catchment Area at the

site (km²)

1time /10years

1time /5years

1time /1year

Maximu m in last

5years

Second maximum in

last 10years

Remarks

Taklai

River 86.24 0.9055 0.9745 1.1211 0.9486 0.9314

(3) Consideration

Head work is designed with water intake capacity more than 2.24m³/s, planned maximum irrigation requirement.

A discharge of Taklai River measured on 1st February, 2012 at the planned head work site was approximately 3.8m³/s. In other hand, 1.12m³/s is calculated as drought water discharge with 1year occurrence probability using discharge data at the similar rivers. Therefore although head work is designed with enough capacity, it is inferred that planned maximum irrigation requirement 2.24m³/s will not be able to be supplied from Taklai River all the year.

In practice, after paddling for spring cropping (January) soil of paddy land will be in the satiation condition and water requirement in dept will be decrease. So that it is supposed that in March, dry season, it will not be necessary to supply maximum amount of water to paddy land. However when double cropping starts after construction of Taklai irrigation system, the following treatment will be required.

- If discharge of Taklai River is supposed to be less than maximum irrigation requirement, beneficiary area should be divided into some area and water will be supplied in turn, not supply for whole the area in one time.

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1

Appendix-6.4 A study for the result of Taklai River discharge measurement Since Taklai river on which head works are planned to be constructed has no record of its discharge, design flood discharge at the head works construction point is calculated using rational formula.

Although it is just for reference, river discharge at the head works construction point has been observed through this study to grasp the specification of river discharge. Contents of observation is shown in the table below.

1. Observed item River depth using water gauge installed inside of Taklai river.

2. Calculation method of river discharge

By H(river depth)-Q(river discharge) formula created using the result of topographic survey

3. Duration From January 29th to July 7th (from dry season to beginning of rainy season) 4. Frequency 1 time/day (AM 8:00)

The relation between daily rainfall observed at Bhur observation station and observed river discharge Q1 is shown in the figure-1. These two kinds of data do not have high interrelation.

The relation between daily rainfall observed at Bhur observation station and river discharge Q2 calculated by rational formula is shown in the figure-2. It is difficult to find out interrelation between Q1 and Q2.

The flood reaching time is estimated as 2 hours but available rainfall data is daily amount and river discharge is only one time in a day. The reason of gap between Q1 and Q2 is that these rainfall and river discharge data is not enough to grasp meteorological and hydrological condition within flood reaching time.

In Bhutan, some observation stations have telemeter system and send observed data each hour automatically, but frequency of observation at the other stations is 1 time/day. It is expected that meteorological and hydrological condition will be observed 1time/hour and reflected to the plan and design of facilities.

0 50 100 150 200 250

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Rainfall (mm/day)

River Discharge Q1(m³/s)

Figure-1 Daily rainfall (Bhur observation station)- Observed river discharge Q1

0 50 100 150 200 250

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Rainfall (mm/day)

River Discharge Q2(m³/s)

Figure-2 Daily rainfall (Bhur observation station)- Calculated river discharge by rational formula Q2

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