Ecosystems_Case Study PPT

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Introduction

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CONCEPTS EXPLORED IN THIS LESSON

1) Introduction to Ecosystems

2) Ecosystems

3) Types of Ecosystems

4) Biodiversity

5) Habitat

6) Ecological Niche

7) Groupings of Life

8) Species

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INTRODUCTION TO ECOSYSTEMS

logy:

“bios” = life “logia” =the study of

The _____study of ___.life

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within their ___________.

INTRODUCTION TO ECOSYSTEMS

logy:

Psychology Criminology Geology

Sociology Egyptology

The _____ of ___.

“oikos” = households (creatures within their surroundings)

study life

Bio

Eco

What are these

the study of?

The _____study of _________organisms environment

The _____study of __________ecosystems .

or

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to _________.

in order

_________

work with

ABIOTIC

Components

______abiotic components

ECOSYSTEMS

BIOTIC

Components

Ecosystem

:

A system where the _____ components

• _sunlight

• _fungi

• _{water (amount, type)}

• _wind _{(direction, speed)}

• _{soil conditions}

• _temperature • _plants

•

animals

• _decomposers

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TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS

What is the main difference

between the two groups of

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TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS

TERRESTRIAL

Ecosystems

AQUATIC

Ecosystems

These are based on the ____. These are based in the _____.

MARINE ecosystems contain

_________.

FRESH WATER ecosystems contain__________.

e.g.

e.g. e.g.

salt water sea, ocean

water

river, stream, lake, pond

fresh water land

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TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS

What is the main difference

between the two groups of

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These ecosystems _____ ________ and ________ by humans.

e.g.

designed managed

ARE

park, farm, schoolyard, Marine Land, zoo,

backyard, aquarium

TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS

NATURAL

Ecosystems

ARTIFICIAL

Ecosystems

These ecosystems ________ ________ and ________ by humans.

e.g.

ARE NOT

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Artificial Ecosystem

Natural Ecosystem

Compare the number of different living things in the

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TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS

These have

_____ types of

organisms.

fewer

These have

_____ types of

organisms.

more

These ecosystems _____ ________ and ________ by humans.

e.g.

ARE

parks, farms, schoolyard, Marine Land, zoo,

backyard, aquarium

NATURAL

Ecosystems

ARTIFICIAL

Ecosystems

These ecosystems ________ ________ and ________ by humans.

e.g.

ARE NOT

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BIODIVERSITY

A measure of the _______ of _____________ of organisms in an ecosystem.

number different types

Which ecosystem has more biodiversity?

Biodiversity:

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BIODIVERSITY

Compare the two food webs below.

Biodiversity:

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Compare the two food webs below.

BIODIVERSITY

What would happen to the other organisms

if the grasshopper goes extinct in this food web?

if the grasshopper goes extinct in this food web? A measure of the _______ of _____________ of organisms in an ecosystem.

Biodiversity:

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Low Biodiversity High Biodiversity

BIODIVERSITY

Biodiversity:

There’s a much greater

impact on the remaining organisms.

There’s much

less of an impact on the

remaining organisms.

Compare the two food webs below.

What would

happen to the other organisms

if the grasshopper goes extinct in this food web?

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BIODIVERSITY

LOW biodiversity makes an ecosystem _______.

HIGH biodiversity makes an ecosystem _______.

weaker stronger

Some conservationists feel that focusing on

threatened areas with higher biodiversity is the best approach.

Conservationists are people who work to save organisms and ecosystems.

But since their resources are limited, and there are many ecosystems in threat, they have to decide where to focus

their efforts.

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by ______ activities.

and which are under

_____

BIODIVERSITY

Hotspots:

Places with _______________

threat

high biodiversity

Biodiversity:

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and __ more are

under consideration.

•

There are ___ hotspots

and have lost ___% of its primary vegetation.

by ______ activities.

and which are under

_____

BIODIVERSITY

Hotspots:

Places with _______________

threat

high biodiversity

Biodiversity:

human

•

It has to have at least _____ native plants

•

What makes a place a

hotspot?

70 1500

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and which it depends on to __________________.

HABITAT

The natural environment in which a ___________species lives

meet all of its needs

Habitats:

What is the

#1 REASON

that species

become endangered or go extinct in

TERRESTRIAL

ecosystems?

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and which it depends on to __________________.

HABITAT

The natural environment in which a ___________species lives

meet all of its needs

Habitats:

What is the

#1 REASON

that species

become endangered or go extinct in

AQUATIC

ecosystems?

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Deforestation

Desertification

Soil Erosion

Sedimentation of Waterways Urbanization

Large Scale Habitat Destruction

HABITAT

What do you think was here before?

Without plant roots, there’s nothing to hold on to the soil when it rains in

wet climates. For lumber, agricultural

land, pasture lands or creating towns.

Without plant roots, there’s nothing to trap water and hold it in the

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HABITAT

Large Scale Habitat Destruction

1620

1850

1920

1950 1985 2000

2010

2005 2020

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60%

Cattle Ranches

33%

Subsistence Agriculture

3%

Logging

1%

Commercial Agriculture

3% Fires, Mining,

Roads, Dams, Cities

Amazon Rainforest

Amazon Rainforest Deforestation 2000-2005

HABITAT

Destruction of Indonesian Forests:

The Appetite for Palm Oil.

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ECOLOGICAL NICHE

•

Its role is determined by ______________ with the biotic and

abiotic components of its ecosystem.

What is the ecological niche of the deer?

•

It is a herbivore which eats a variety of plants in the forest. This prevents

these plants from overpopulating.

•

It provides food for its predators and

carrion for scavengers.

The specific ____ a species performs in its ecosystem.

role

how it interacts

•

It provides the soil with nutrients

from its manure.

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ECOLOGICAL NICHE

What is the ecological niche of a bee?

•

Its role is determined by ______________ with the biotic and

abiotic components of its ecosystem.

The specific ____ a species performs in its ecosystem.

role

how it interacts

Ecological

Niche:

•

It pollinates different flowers to allow them to produce seeds and offspring.

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ECOLOGICAL NICHE

Are any two ecological niches EXACTLY THE SAME?

Compare

eats rodents eats rodents

active at night active at day

hunts in forests hunts in grasslands

nests in low trees

nests in tall trees

•

This ___________________ and makes room for many species.

•

Niches can _______overlap , but are ___________________never exactly the same.

decreases competition

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GROUPINGS OF LIFE

INDIVIDUAL:

POPULATION:

COMMUNITY:

ECOSYSTEM:

BIOME:

BIOSPHERE:

One organism in a population of the same species.

A group of individuals of a species in an area.

All populations of all species in an area.

A community and its abiotic environment.

A group of similar ecosystems.

The sum of all the ecosystems on the Earth.

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or of the _____ species but of different breeds, strains or varieties.

A species is a group of individuals who:

Are the following three organisms the same species?

+

=

Mule Horse Donkey

The ________ of two organisms of similar but ________

species,

NOT THE SAME SPECIES

Healthy but infertile.

Are ______ in appearance.

Breed in ______ environments.

Can produce _______ and _____ offspring.

What makes individuals members of the same species?

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+

=

All tigers are in Asia and most lions are

in Africa (few in Asia).

A species is a group of individuals who:

Do the following four organisms belong to the same species?

Are ______ in appearance.

natural healthy fertile similar

Species:

1) 2) 3) Liger Tiger Lion Tigon

NOT THE SAME SPECIES

Most hybrids are created in

captivity.

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A species is a group of individuals who: Are ______ in appearance.

SPECIES

Species:

1) 2) 3)

+

=

Pizzly Bear Hybrid Polar Bear Grizzly Bear

Are they the same species? What about these three?

Polar bears and grizzly bears do not live in the same habitat so they cannot breed together in natural environments.

NOT THE SAME SPECIES

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But with the melting pack ice, their territories are beginning to overlap more…

They usually would be

natural enemies

.

Grrrrr, don’t mess with me!

Get a mint! Your breath stinks!

perhaps…

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But with the melting pack ice, their territories are beginning to overlap more…

What lovely eyes you have.

perhaps…

I never noticed how pretty your

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In the Northwest Territories in 2006,

Jim Martell, a big game hunter, got a licence to hunt a polar bear.

After tracking for several hours, his

Inuit trackers led him to a polar bear and he shot it.

But it wasn’t a polar bear, it was a

pizzly bear.

SPECIES

One of the only few wild specimens ever

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+

=

SPECIES

A species is a group of individuals who: Are ______ in appearance.

Species:

1) 2) 3) Shih Tzu

Are these three organisms members of the same species?

ALL DOMESTIC DOGS

ARE MEMBERS OF THE

SAME SPECIES

Shihpoo Poodle

All domestic dogs came from the domestication of the grey wolf

several tens of thousands of years ago.

Though different breeds

of dogs have arisen, they are still genetically capable of breeding

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What about human hybrids?

SPECIES

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Naomi Campbell Kristin Kreuk Lisa Ray

Black/Chinese _{Bengali/Polish}

White/Black/ Native/Asian

Chinese/Dutch

Amerie

Korean/Black

Tiger Woods Michael Lee Chin Cameron Diaz Bob Marley

Chinese/Black

White/Black Native/White

SPECIES

What do all of these people have in common? They are all REAL

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and _______

so that ecosystems can remain

______ ,__________productive

The ability to live in a manner that ensures that the resources used today are _________

and ________

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

What can these animals tell us

about living sustainably? Penguin Leopard Polar Bear Dog Eels Cows Supermarket Hippo

The Story of Stuff healthy

Sustainability:

preserved renewed

diverse

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ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP

Acting to take ___________________personal responsibility

management care Reusable bags reduce disposable plastic bags. Locally grown food

has a lower carbon footprint.

Always reduce first,

Emissions

free transportation.

Environmental

Stewardship:

for the ____ and ___________ of the Earth.

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CASE STUDY: The Mystery of Easter Island

Easter Island is a Polynesian Island in the Pacific Ocean.

By the time Europeans landed on the island in the mid 1800s, the inhabitants of

the island were

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CASE STUDY: The Mystery of Easter Island

However, there were over 300 immense statues, called Moai, that

were found all over the island.

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CASE STUDY: The Mystery of Easter Island

The answer lies in the history of how the Islanders misused the natural

resources around them.

Are we making the same mistakes today? Easter Island

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Case Study Assignment

• _{Research the story of Easter Island and}

determine what actions may have added to

the destruction of the island.

• Compare their actions to actions of humans

today. Are we making the same mistakes?

• Based off your research, develop a plan

that addresses how we can prevent a

similar fate to the inhabitants of Easter

Island.

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