Hypothesis Selection and Resolution in the Mercury Flight Reservation System

Hypothesis Selection and Resolution

in the Mercury Flight Reservation System

Stephanie Seneff and Joseph Polifroni

Spoken Language Systems Group

Laboratory for Computer Science

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA

seneff,joe

ABSTRACT

"!#

$

&%"'(*)*+,.-/+01%2+3+ 5460'708+0'1$ 9 "%&':

"' %&;23

< "2+

2+ "=+0'(>0 @? %&

%&6+70

2+70E+ &'& .F+0' "'%"0E

&%"'46+0

0B "

',2 NO0'$

&%&1 "P

%&,2QR+0

T<

2+ "

70E,2

?

,2-V>'$

> "Q+0'A

! "

,XPY!

46D%&

2';2Z

,2-W4\.$,2+> ?"

2+ &

%" "2++0'A4\50 @?

%1+0'Q!

46%"A

<

+0A$

&%&3 "'

%",2

"9

^]86,2+>_

%"=+70

&%&

P

>'+D,W

+0'O$

&%"'_ "'

%",2 +

<c D

%A2+ &>

P(>U)G,,2+>'

%e &( ?&

1.

INTRODUCTION

.

+0' &*df,'

_+0*)$*+g

,2+*+ U B( "22+,,+)5

;0 ,25hB,2)U-6

"2-<Y "-6+0

1+0'L*)$*+i

2+ &g+0'R;22+ "2+ _Fj+ "'_+0' "'%&0 ;kl,+

?

A*2

+%")L+ (2+ "d+0'Y',2

R

70S+$2

-C'>hU'

+0$2+ &%&0

'>l$

&%&.+0

:10

1>

<o

J4\ &'D

D 4 +0',2Y='70e%2+

NO0'(2+,

2+70K4

:' 2+K>U)qpFdrslFt

uv&v"w&w$x;9y&y9z"y&w"{

+ 2+3+02+ &%&0 u@?"

|-$}\ "

"L 2

+):0'%&0,2d,2+',M$[)U

)$D,ƒL%"2+

?&

DD$)L

<

0U)$ "+0',D„,+,2

NO0'd

,2R$'0' 4…+0'Y†

Nˆ‡6‰Š‹PŒlŠ&eŽ'D%"0Ud2+,,2

9

Da46+0e+0A',Y

<

0U)$ "+0',Da,D,

9

+ S"

?

,2+XP

D "%& *2

+,%")H'' 2+H>U)q

X'2+

+

>l

"%&',(+0

)460'

+q46+0

-a460',2+

2

Y0B>ˆ

9

$D*2+>+I,5

< ?""

O

2+ &n2+ "2R+$2

-l*+ 2+S>U).+0=0B>

L*2+>'$+ + e+0

12+hB*+l-\$

0B'>(2+ "%"2

_4O

_+0' "2+&-^

&%"'&-"

S%&

NO0'.‡d‰$Š'‹'ŒbŠ&…*)$*+– "1

+,2+,*+

%

" H70

D

%&

&%&_*)$*+`

YA+D ?"

>D,

2+Q,X'b-'',2+d &%"'Q

" >Q,2

D5 <c

,2+ &*2+ "%

+0'32+

,2-`4O346\X2+*=%"

?

>2+

<

+2+=‡6‰Š‹PŒlŠ&*)$*+.-"

L,2+>=> "+0 +0'\0B)$ +0'`;+D

2+ U, "

Q+0'W,+0' Ba+0

&%&R "'

%" u

,MB\4O;2+D>d+0' $9 X'2+

+ e

%& 2++0.-/460;0

X'2+460

%5+0Y

46D%& "2+,

+0',2W2+2+,

+,2\%&

?

%

Q< ,4T,M

$

&%&-4O6$2+

PR46+0

2.

OVERALL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

™

‰$Š'‹PŒlŠ&q

&!#

&%"'1*)$*+š+0

\>,[4\ ?

,23› w"w

,+Y4O 2+ƒB46D& eNO0' *)$*+œ22+

+)8%&,+

O

<

+=Ž'%&0U

<o 2+(

2+ "+0'=N/2 ?

U)S]8>L+5žo4_4_4a 2 ?

-+0C',2/

+;2

,+b46+0a+0c*)$*+T+ 6,/+0' ŽP%"0B+_

<

+02_+

,2

2)U ^]I0'

+0'dŽP%&0U_

_ "',+l-+0'd*)$*+Ÿ

!#c+0'd

!$_+0R',2

‡6‰$Š'‹PŒlŠ&C¶ ¯¥@¦J¬|¢|ªV¹¦$¸8®°Sº«¦B»G³`¯'£P¦$­Q±°'¥®²V¦.´"°P¥@¥¦$­³C°ª`¸V¢|ªV£8¯'¢o¥"¬|¢|ª/¦­a¯'ª`¸q¯'¢o¥@³c°'¥®­

¶Y¼

²G¤`­¦B¥3²/¯P­A´&¬|¢|´¹¦$¸8°ªG®²V¦:±°P¤V¥@®²q½C¢o£P²b®&¾ ¯'ª`¸I¢|­A¯'­¹V¢|ª/£8®°E¯'¸`¸I¢o®=®°E®²V¦S¢o®¢|ª/¦$¥@¯¥¿

¶

À$Á Â(Ã+ÄÅ7ÆÇÃdÈÆȵÉUÃdÊ3Ë|ÌEÍÎÏCÈ[ÏÍ;Ð@ÃÄPÑ#ÄÍÒ&Ò#ÎÒUÓQÔÕ"ÔÈÃ+ÇAÖcÖcÖCÖb×UÆÏCÃÒUÏ[ÆÄÄÃ7Ø3Ù#Ô[Ã+Ï[Ô7Ú&Ñ#ÄÃ+ÍÔÃdÔÍ;ÕQÕ@ÆÙUÏ^ÛUÏÔÈcÍÒUØ=ÄÍÔÈcÒUÍÇRÃÖ ÜWÈÉ#Ã7ϵÝCÎÔ[ÃÚUÔÍ;Õ@Ú#ÒUÃÝÙUÔÃ7Ï7Ö

Þ Á ß[ÆÉ&Ò3Ø#ÆÃ

À$Á à/ÄÃ+ÍÔÃdÔµÑ$Ã7ÍáQȵÉUÃ6ÇRÆÒÈÉAÍÒUØAØ#Í7Õ=Õ@ÆÙAÏ[Ã+ÓÎÔµÈ[Ã+Ï[Ã+Ø3ÍÔCÕ@ÆÙUÏCÑUÍÔ[ÔµÝ^ÆÏ[ØÚ#ÍÔ^ÎÒPÚPâÊ3Í7ÕQÛUÏ[ÔµÈ;âÖ

Þ

Á Æ"ÅÈÆã$Ã7ÏcÒ#ÎÒUÃÈÃ+Ã+ÒȵÉ

À$Á Â(Ã+ÄÅ7ÆÇÃä@ÆÉ#ÒPÖ/å\Æ7ÝÇRÍ7Õ=Ë/ÉUÃÄÑ3Õ@ÆÙ$æ

Þ Á Î'ÒUÃ+Ã+ØAÈÆç#ÕQÈÆRÔ[ÍÄÈcÄÍá@Ã6ÅÎÈ|Õ=ÆÒ3ÇRÍ7Õ=ÃÎÓÉȵÉÎÒAȵÉUÃ6ÍèƒÈÃ+ÏÒUÆÆÒ

À$Á ÜWáÍ7ÕÚ&ç#ÎÓÉÈ[ÔcèéÏÆLjê^ÆÔµÈ[ÆÒ=È[ÆQÀÍÄÈOëPÍá@ÃdìVÎÈ|Õ=Ø#ÃÑUÍϵÈÎÒ#ÓQã$ÃÈ|Ý^Ã+ÃÒ3ÒUÆÆÒ3ÍÒUØ3í&ÁîîÑPÖÇAÖlÆÒAÌPÙUÃ+Ô[Ø#Í7Õ3Ê3Í7Õ=ÃÎÓÉȵÉPÖ ÜWÒUÃ_ÇRÆÇRÃÒÈCÑ#ÄÃ+ÍÔ[ÃaÖCÖCÖ

ËVÉUÍ7Ð@Ã_ÍÒUÆÒUÔµÈ[ÆÑï\Ã+ÄÈ[ÍRç#ÎÓÉ"ÈWÄÃ+Í;ÐÎÒUÓQÍÈWð&ÁððÑPÖÇAÖbÍÒUØ=ÍÏ[ÏÎÐ"ÎÒ#ÓaÍÈ\ñ&Áò,ñdÑPÖÇAÖæYÂ(ÆÙ#ÄØ=ÈÉUÍÈcÝ^ÆϵáUæ Þ Á ÎÔCÈÉUÃ+ÏÃ_ÍÒ3Ã+ÍÏÄÎÃ7Ïcç#ÎÓÉÈ

À$Á ÜWáÍ7ÕÚ&ç#ÎÓÉÈ[ÔcèéÏÆLjê^ÆÔµÈ[ÆÒ=È[ÆQÀÍÄÈOëPÍá@ÃdìVÎÈ|Õ=Ø#ÃÑUÍϵÈÎÒ#ÓQã$ÃèƒÆÏ[Ã_ð&ÁððÑ'ÖÇAÖbÆÒ3ÌPÙUÃ+Ô[Ø&Í;ÕAÊ3Í;ÕQÃÎÓÉÈÉPÖ^ÜWÒUÃ_ÇRÆÇRÃÒÈWÑ&ÄÃ+ÍÔ[ÃaÖCÖcÖ ÂeÉ#ÍÈ\Íã$ÆÙ#ÈWÍïOÃÄÈÍaç#ÎÓÉÈ\Å+ÆÒ#Ò#Ã7ÅȵÎÒUÓQÎÒ3óWÃÝôVÆϵáâÔCõ_ÃÒ#ÒUÃ+Ø&ÕYÄÃ+Í;ÐÎÒUÓQÍÈWö&Á÷ðÑPÖÇAÖæQÂ:ÆÙ&ÄØAȵÉUÍÈWÝ`ÆÏá#æ

Ë`ÍÄÔÆÉUÍ;Ð@Ã6Í Þ Ò#ÎÈÃ+ØAç#ÎÓÉÈ\Å+ÆÒ#Ò#Ã7ÅȵÎÒUÓQÎÒ(ìVÉ#ÎÅ+ÍÓÆYÜâåWÍÏ[Ã\ÄÃ+Í7Ð"ÎÒ#ÓYÍÈWö&ÁöîÑ'ÖÇAÖ Þ Á Î'Ý^ÆÙ&ÄØAÄÎá@Ã6ÍÒ#ÆÒUÔÈÆÑ3ç#ÎÓÉÈcÄÃ+Í;ÐÎÒUÓQÍÒ"ÕȵÎÇRÃdØ&ÙUÏÎÒUÓȵÉUÃ6Ø#Í;Õ

À$Á ÜWáÍ7ÕÚ&ÒUÆÒUÔÈÆÑ3ç#ÎÓÉ"ÈÔWèƒÏ[ÆDžê^ÆÔÈÆÒAÈÆQÀ"ÍÄÈ\ëPÍá@ÃdìVÎÈ|Õ=Ø#ÃÑUÍÏȵÎÒUÓRã$ÃÈ|Ý^Ã+ÃÒ(ð&ÁîîÍÇmÍÒUØAø&ÁîîÑPÖÇAÖlÆÒAÌPÙUÃ+Ô[Ø#Í7Õ3Ê3Í7ÕYÃ+ÎÓÉ"ȵÉPÖ ÜWÒUÃ_ÇRÆÇRÃÒÈCÑ#ÄÃ+ÍÔ[ÃaÖCÖCÖ/Ë/ÉUÍ;Ð@ÃdöÒUÆÒ#ÔÈÆÑïOÃÄÈÍRç#ÎÓÉÈ[Ô7ÁVÍç&ÎÓÉ"ÈWÄÃ+Í;ÐÎÒUÓQÍÈ\ù"ÁîîÍ#ÖÇAÖÚ"Íç#ÎÓÉÈ\ÄÃ7Í7Ð"ÎÒUÓQÍÈ_ò,î&Á÷ðÍ#ÖÇAÖÚ ÍÒUØAÍç#ÎÓÉÈWÄÃ+Í7Ð"ÎÒ#ÓYÍÈ\ð&ÁððÑPÖÇ=Ölà/ÄÃ+ÍÔ[Ã6ÔÃ+ÄÃ7ÅÈ\ÆÒUÃ_ÆèÈÉ#Ã7ÔÃ_ç#ÎÓÉÈ[ÔWÆÏWÅ[É#ÍÒUÓÃ6ÍÒ"ÕYÅ+ÆÒUÔÈÏ[ÍÎÒ"ÈWÕ@ÆÙAÉUÍ7Ð@ÃdÍÄÏ[Ã+ÍØ&Õ=ÔÑ$Ã+Å+ÎÛUÃ+Ø'Ö Þ Á Î'ÝCÎÄÄ'È[Íá@Ã_ȵÉUÃ_È[ÃÒAÈ|Ý`Ã+ÒÈ|Õ.úÛ&Ð@Ã+ûç#ÎÓÉÈWÑ&ÄÃ+ÍÔ[Ã

À$Á ïOÃÄÈÍRç#ÎÓÉÈ6ò,îöðÉUÍÔCã$Ã+Ã+ÒAÍØ#Ø#Ã+ØAÈÆÕ@ÆÙUÏCÎȵÎÒUÃ+Ï[ÍϵÕÖ/Õ@ÆÙ3Ø#ÃÑUÍϵÈ\ê^ÆÔµÈ[ÆÒAÍÈ6ò,î&Á÷ðÍÇmÍÒUØ=ÍÏ[ÏÎÐ@ÃOÎÒ1À"ÍÄÈ\ëPÍá@ÃìVÎÈ|Õ=ÍÈOòÁü@ðÑPÖÇAÖ ÂeÉ#ÍÈ\Ø#ÍÈÃ_ÝCÎÄÄPÕ@ÆÙ=ãÃ_ÏÃÈÙUϵÒ#ÎÒUÓaÆÒBæ

Þ Á Î'Ý^ÆÙ&ÄØAÄÎá@Ã_ÈÆRÏ[ÃȵÙUÏÒAÆÒAèƒÏÎØ&Í;Õ

À$Á ÜWáÍ7ÕÚ#ïOÃÄÈ[ÍRç&ÎÓÉ"ÈÔWèƒÏ[ÆÇmÀ"ÍÄÈWëPÍá@ÃdìVÎÈ|ÕYÈ[Æê^ÆÔÈÆÒÆÒ3×UϵÎØ#Í;ÕAÊ3Í;ÕQÃÄÃÐ@ÃÒÈÉPÖCÜWÒUÃ_ÇRÆÇRÃÒÈWÑ#ÄÃ7ÍÔÃaÖcÖCÖ

ËVÉUÍ7Ð@Ã6öÒUÆÒUÔµÈ[ÆÑ3ç&ÎÓÉ"ÈÔ;ÁVÍç#ÎÓÉÈcÄÃ+Í;ÐÎÒUÓQÍÈWñ&ÁððÍ#ÖÇAÖÚ#Íç#ÎÓÉÈWÄÃ+Í7Ð"ÎÒ#ÓYÍÈW÷&ÁöðÑ'ÖÇAÖÚ#ÍÒUØ=Íç#ÎÓÉÈcÄÃ+Í;ÐÎÒUÓQÍÈWð&ÁîîÑPÖÇAÖ à/ÄÃ+ÍÔÃdÔÃÄÃ+Å+ÈWÆÒUÃÖ

Þ

Á ÝCÉUÍÈCÈÎÇÃdØ&Æ"Ã+ÔCÈÉUÃ_È|Ý^ÆÈÉ#ÎÏÈ|ÕYÛ#Ð@ÃOç#ÎÓÉÈOÍÏÏÎÐ@ÃOÎÒ=ã$ÆÔÈÆÒ

À$Á ïOÃÄÈÍRç#ÎÓÉÈ6ò;üùöRÍÏÏÎÐ@Ã+ÔcÍÈ\ñ&ÁîðdÑPÖÇAÖlÎÒ3ê^ÆÔµÈ[ÆÒ'Ö^ÀÉ#ÍÄÄË`ÍØ#Ø=ÈÉ#ÎÔcç#ÎÓÉ"ÈcÈ[ÆRÕ@ÆÙ#ÏCÎÈÎÒ#Ã7ÏÍÏÕ#æ Þ Á ÝCÉUÍÈCÈÎÇÃ6ÎÔúØ#ÆÃ+ÔûÈÉUÍÈcç#ÎÓÉÈ\ÄÃ7Í7Ð@Ã

À$Á ËVÉUÍ7Ð@Ã_ÍÒUÆÒUÔµÈ[ÆÑï\Ã+ÄÈ[ÍRç#ÎÓÉ"ÈWÄÃ+Í;ÐÎÒUÓQÍÈW÷&ÁöðÑPÖÇAÖbÍÒUØ=ÍÏ[ÏÎÐ"ÎÒ#ÓaÍÈ\ñ&ÁîðdÑPÖÇAÖæYÂ(ÆÙ#ÄØ=ÈÉUÍÈcÝ^ÆϵáUæ

Þ

Á Õ@Ã+ÔcÑ#ÄÃ7ÍÔÃ

À$Á ïOÃÄÈÍRç#ÎÓÉÈ6ò;üùöÉUÍÔCã$Ã+Ã+ÒAÍØ#Ø#Ã+ØAÈÆÕ@ÆÙUÏCÎȵÎÒUÃ+Ï[ÍϵÕÖ/Õ@ÆÙ3Ø#ÃÑUÍϵÈ_ÀÍÄÈ\ë'Íá@Ãdì`ÎÈ|ÕAÍÈ\÷&ÁöðÑPÖÇAÖlÍÒ#ØAÍÏ[ϵÎÐ@ÃOÎÒê^ÆÔµÈ[ÆÒAÍÈOñ&Áîð6ÑPÖÇAÖ Â(ÆÙ#ÄØAÕ@ÆÙ3ÄÎá@Ã6ÇRÃOÈ[ÆÛ#ÒUØAÆÙ&ÈcÉ#Æ;ÝGÇ6ÙUÅ[É3Õ@ÆÙUÏ^ÈÏÎÑAÝcÎÄÄÅ+ÆÔÈ*æ

Þ Á Õ@Ã+ÔcÑ#ÄÃ7ÍÔÃ

À$Á àVϵÎÅÎÒUÓRÕ@ÆÙUÏCÎȵÎÒUÃ+Ï[ÍϵÕ=ÝCÎÄÄ'È[Íá@Ã6ÍÝCÉ#ÎÄÃ@ÖVËoÒAȵÉUÃ_ÇRÃ+ÍÒÈÎÇÃË*âÄÄPÔÙUÇRÇÍÏÎý+ÃOÕ@ÆÙUÏCÎȵÎÒUÃ+Ï[ÍϵÕ=èƒÆÏ^Õ@ÆÙPÖÜWÒ3ÌPÙUÃ+ÔØ#Í;ÕAÊ3Í;ÕQÃÎÓÉÈÉ ÆÒ3ïOÃÄÈÍRç#ÎÓÉÈ_ò,îöð&ÚUÕ@ÆÙ3Ø#ÃÑUÍϵÈcèƒÏ[ÆDžê^ÆÔÈÆÒÍÈOò,î&Á÷ðÍ#ÖÇAÖbÍÒUØ=ÍÏ[ϵÎÐ@ÃOÎÒ1ÀÍÄÈ\ë'Íá@ÃìVÎÈ|Õ=ÍÈOòÁü@ðÑPÖÇAÖÚ

ÆÒ3×UϵÎØ#Í;Õ=Ê3Í7Õ=ÃÄÃÐ@ÃÒÈÉ(ÆÒ3ï\Ã+ÄÈ[ÍRç#ÎÓÉ"È_ò;üùö&Ú#Õ@ÆÙ3Ø&Ã+Ñ#ÍÏÈcèéÏÆÇ«À"ÍÄÈ\ëPÍá@ÃdìVÎÈ|Õ=ÍÈW÷&ÁöðÑPÖÇAÖbÍÒUØ=ÍÏ[ϵÎÐ@ÃOÎÒê^ÆÔµÈ[ÆÒAÍÈ\ñ&ÁîðdÑPÖÇAÖ Ì^ÉUÃ_Å[ÉUÃ+ÍÑ$Ã+ÔÈcÑUÏÎÅ+Ã_èƒÆÏCÕ@ÆÙ#ÏcÈÏÎÑ=ÎÔ\þ,ü@ðð&Öîî&Ö^ÀÉ#ÍÄÄlË`Ã+ÇRÍÎÄPÕ@ÆÙ#ÏcÎȵÎÒUÃ+ÏÍÏÕYÈ[ÆÕ@ÆÙBæ

Þ Á Õ@Ã+ÔcÑ#ÄÃ7ÍÔÃ

À$Á ôVÆÙ#ÏCÎÈÎÒ#Ã7ÏÍÏÕ=ÉUÍÔ^ãÃ+ÃÒÃ+ÇRÍÎÄÃ7Ø3ÈÆÕ@ÆÙPÖ`ì`ÍÒ3ËVÉ#Ã+ÄÑ3Õ@ÆÙAÝCÎȵÉÍÒÕ"ȵÉ#ÎÒUÓQÃÄÔÃ,æ

¡6¢o£¤/¥¦Aÿb¨/¯'·E³^¬o¦a¸`¢o¯'¬o°P£¤V¦Q»C¦B®Y¦B¦ª:¯¤`­¦B¥¯'ª`¸.®²V¦=­¿/­®¦$·š¢|ª°P¬V¢|ªV£=¯A¥@¦B¯P¬®¥¢o³ ¶

¸V¦$ªV°P®¦$­O¯¤`­¦B¥¤V®®¦B¥@¯PªV´&¦¾ ¯'ª`¸

¯J­¿/­®¦$·¤V®,®¦B¥¯'ª`´&¦ ¶Q¼

²V¦:ªV¯P·E¦1²V¯'­Y»C¦B¦$ª´"²/¯PªV£P¦$¸E±µ°P¥A¥@¦B¯P­°Pª`­Y°'±\¯Pª/°ªb¿/·¢o®7¿

¶

º«°P¥¸`­Y¢|ªE»`¥@¯P´@¹¦$®­Y¤Vª`¸V¦B¥ ®²V¦S¤`­¦B¥D­=®¤V¥ªK¥@¦B³`¥@¦­¦$ªl®²V¯®Y¯P­A¯'´&®¤V¯'¬|¬o¿q­¯P¢|¸H¥@¯®²V¦B¥:®²V¯Pª3²V¯'® =¯'­A¥@¦´"°P£ª`¢#¦$¸

rd,+$2

[B?& ƒ$p

'>'rd,+$2

,7Fd+,2 P

+p

+

rdhU',*+p

X2+p

¡6¢o£¤V¥@¦%$b¨

¦¬o¦$´&®,¦¸q¦$ªb®¥¢o¦$­=±µ¥@°·

‡6‰$Š'‹PŒlŠ&

D­3¸`¢o¯'¬o°P£¤V¦L´&°Pªb®¥@°¬O®,¯'»^¬o¦L´&°Pª`´&¦B¥ª`¢|ªV£¸V¯®¦$­

¶

W',2c

+D <o

,+ ™

‰$Š'‹PŒlŠ& R

>Y2+

A>,2Yž

z

”"” 9v'&z9z'&

›&›&7

R

9

>D

]8>

%&&-$

460';01

+46+0

Ž'%&0U+ CFTA+ B

'

+,2 <o

'' 2+ ,D7!B

% T

'

)UHŽ'%&0U "

,2+>

dD*2

+5

•`%"2+

x

Fj+'0

a

"%&'a>;[4O, J='

?

R,2 "

5‡6‰$Š'‹PŒlŠ& a0 @4

•`%&$2+ &

a0 &ƒS>A

2

<

2+ &n+0'$

&%& +0

=+0'(*)*+, "kl;2+3XP:'%"%&*+

3460' q

S+0'aŽP%"0BQ+ 5)# &2Q+

2+2+Y "2

22+ ?&

`+.+-*

@4\

?

,2-+0=,2a

<

2)8D

&%"'Q*)$*+O+0

_4O,2+aŽP;M>D

+0' 2+,%

27l-\>Y4O

2+5+0

,22+ "2+-^460;0

>'&-C

D "%&-P

<C

+ ]8_0

? _+0B'

<|

2O "D,,+

?

,2 &"w"w&w

"*+)Q

&%"'^4\,2+

`2+ "27$L

J+0=,2ahU,2+4\,2+

3%"

)2+, "27$1+ Y>d'

%Y> "+0+0 2+, &%

+0'AD "%5XPa0

+%&

<

"2=0U)$ "+0',Da2+ "+

-^460',2+4O1

,21+0'J "*1'

,M$'a2+hU'*

<

2.1

System Architecture

™

‰Š‹PŒlŠ&T

!#,A':

<

+0'21345376

2+70'+;+2+8

v <dJ

'=>,2Q

,2+Q+0

62+ &%2

>'50B'>b

F

$+2+=+0'5,2Z370

?

e pR

D "%& >

27l-"

A2

+W+0_4 ?

&‘

NO0'L "

%&

%&e

4\ "27G%"2

'0G2+ B$'E>U)e+0'12+ &%

+0O+,2

"-&+ +0 $ &$2+ &

+,MB-#460;0(\2 "

2+:W>U)3+0'R%"

NO0R

9µ<

"2+t$

?

,2+:+ 3+0Q

"%&'Y "'

5$2+

9

?

D,6+0R

&%&Q*

+& NO0R$

&%&a "'

%&;2_

'+

980:<;'=?>#@0ABDC#>0EFGH>'=IF<;KJ-=LB + $DW460';0Y &;2

%"C

&-P460'70J

+06%&

460'7032 "

+,MB^*2+

"2A+070G*)

+0„,2 S•` P

D)U-^+0 xw‘ " @? <

,2

?

;2`460'70Y+0

& cNO0'R

+2+

&%"'aO2+ 271

$,

l 5 &%3X'D

<

"2d

+,2d,M

'

+

2.2

Hypothesis Selection Process

)$ +0'.;+D

&D;Mj2+ UJ

‡6‰Š‹PŒlŠ& +0

A+DA,2

?

;2+ NO0'a$2+ UQR2+2+

+S70'

•`%&$2+

{

MN>0GO8@0GO;QP,R 2+2+,

%dA+Dc

+

W0U)$ "+0-@46+0

70Q4O "27a

+0'c%"2

+0'W%"2

<TUBUV;0EF:CIWGH;0VXBUT -&

+0'Y+;2

9

%&d &$+0a &*62+ "

,-&

c &>'6$D, &2+6

+,MB-"

e$2+

+R+0'a

D

+A+ (+0'$

&%& "'

%&;2 NO0'

D "%&= P

%",2d+0'

$D,d460,+0',26+0D62+hU',*d $9 *+

646+0:+0'a2+ 2$

+0'RhB,2)( 2+ ">'

+D"-'d

%&

x

WFd!1+0R';2

<

>*_*-$+0

)1>a "2+

2+>'+,\+0

2+> "+012

%&

>l

->6d,22+ "2

<

'|-P "2+" NO0'd2+ "%

„;2$2+ U_+02+ 271';2_4 ?

4O 273%"2

'0346+0

;014O 27:

2+>

+0'Q &%1!#0' U BL2+ ">

>D+R

<

+0a4O "27$-l &>

9

2+_ &>$

A<

2+1 "A>'

%& "2+1

%.

2A$,2+

9 "H"

H

A &%E!#0 U BK "2+J

<

+0'(4O 27K I

d

<

+1 "D>JD U

+-+0'Y &=>'

kl,2+

3>;[4O,

+0A4O 27bZQ "2+

S+03>*Q 2+ &>

9

,2d+0'a

&*+DY

NO0'OX2+*c*+3

0U)$ "+0',DC;+D

c+ R

2+O+0O2+ &%

9

„;2Zd4O 27.%"2

(46+0H "21N u

%&

%&5*)*+,  y‘

-460'70J

2+Q%"2

+(46+0

<

d70 "

*+S%"2

2-62

46+0' $9

,-Q%&'D$.+0'\[+,2+>'a

2+;0ˆ+02+ &%&0j+0' 4O 27I%"2

'0/ ˆFd &*+D

H

%"'*+e, "2+

2+L "A>'

700U)$ "+0',D-`,2++D

O

+

Y4\ "27$

¡6¢o£¤/¥¦^]V¨©t»^¬o°b´¹e¸`¢o¯'£'¥¯'· °P±c®²V¦1³`¥@°b´&¦$­­a°P±O²l¿/³C°P®²_ ¦$­¢|­3­¦$¬o¦$´&®¢o°Pªq¯'ª`¸¦B¥¢a`C´&¯'®¢o°ª

¶

+46+01+0' "22+,

&-<

"2 &>'Q

>U)1+0'a$

&%"'Q "'

%&;2



70J

+'-&46+0A

_ <<

"2W &>'6

+,%& "2+

2+ &>'*^

%"DL "0',2+

,2)4\ "27K

+0.0U)$ "+0',D

(

r ">'*1

2+U*E "

,2)14\ "2754

2->'$6+0'a

2+Q*2+',+$2+ ,

+O46+05 &>')( 9 +;2+,2+1D

(

!B(4\ "27 *

(

sC02

2+%&

2+W

<

+0'60U)$ "+0',Dc

)A0 ?

6>

>C;2

,2++

|-U0D%"03 2+

%-B

+

^4O "27$^4O,2+6

%"D "

46+0

b

<

+0',a>

7!

9

"kL70

.-cW*++0_

_+0

C &_,2c+,2 NO0_

D "%&_ "P

%&,2`D^2+

2+U*R

+,%& "2):ž|O>,D 47 NO0

;M$A*+qD3+ e'

<c"

):2+;+

?

<

2+ "t+0a

+0_*)$*+«')Y;0 U &C+0'\0'%&0*c "2+

2+_+0

9

2+"-"

=X '

)3'0$2

Y+01

a46DW2+

< <o@?

"2

"+0';246D='>

9

+%& 2+D,Y+0

2+A S<

U-V4\ "27$+0

2+=0%&0'%&0U+l- "2 9 $

?

D$

$4O 27W+0

2+_+ a>6,+

;c@';5:E,TQF c•' 2\,M

+&-U+0'

2+6%&

?

2+)U-&

<

c0

*'*a*+L+0'Y+D,aR!

46R

"a

+;!U)U-P+0 &=+D,46D >a0%&0'%&0U+l

~

\+0_ &*C2+ "

%R0U)$ "+0',D^0

c>

%&3 "-QQ2+ U,e+02+ "'%"0e

D "%&a "P

%&,2

<

Db%& U,64\|-+0

,Y+05$

&%&.'

2+Q2+,

b->d+„J

):460'

+0,2+L(2+

+ E>

?

J+0S,D,,+I0U)$ "+0',D15;22+

9

2.3

Dialogue Control Mechanism

NO0a

D "%&a "P

%&,26_

!&146+05+0R$f3'_2+ 9

*4O;2\

;0,2Z\hU,2)U ]I+0

703+2

-&\$2+ U\+0_',2Z\hB,2)U-&2+,2+

,2++0Q2+,') WGH;0VXB

GOB!P7=dTQFGQ:EK@ -+ >a &!&

2+D;2-B

‹PŒlŠ&.+0$2+ &'%"0(+0

<`^80:<;0=?>#@0A,BDC#>0E,FGO>'=F<;KJ-=LBcf NO0\

>D

%&

%5 "',M$[)hgLQ <

D "%&

0'%&0

9 Q"

&$+D

>'c

!#b+0'

<

"2+ <b

;\

DA460'

2+a+*+Qž|> U &

2++0,+&-^*2+

%J

+;0b-^,+& I E?"

2+

>A

80:<;'=?>#@0ABTQF<;'FiB=<

2

& eNO0' ?"

2+

>D,

2+ &g+0'a,2ZhU';2)ež|

<Y

D "%&L+$2

>U)G+0' ?"

-V460'7080

46%">

+02+A &>' ( ?

U*:*

+

C#>0EF:aE,AB

-GOBUTF<;5GUF

TQF<>P

-#46+0A+0O &>

? BUTQF<;0GF

^[)$'

hU,2) <

-&%&

?

ŽP%"0B+6

*d+0'R 2+%& P

708+2

-460'701'l

+W+0$

&%"'R0D*+ 2) "

,+;2+6+0

2+R+ 3>R2+,+2

(+ Y+0'a0B'>(2+ "%"2

D "%&

H+ 70' "2+, &%"2

'0 +0'= "27$,2a

$,2460D708

0' &D:>R

XP=2+ &&-^ "30 ?

a+0hU',2)

<

')eXPl-` +0',2+Q B?

&

?

L46+082+,2+

?

%5+03 < I<

2+ &i+0'S

>

&-"

I*+DR +0',2+: $?

&

?

H46+0 2+,

2+

%3+0'R2+)

<

2

&

™

‰Š‹PŒlŠ&cZ

"%&'Y

2+ "/ @9 >'c22+

D)U-@Q+ _4O

[) "2d 2+2+'6

)1X'2+R J

%&a+2

846+0 P

%&

•`%&2+

Y

WNO0'RX'2+*62+DDd

,2

(46+0 2+ "

J2+'Y+*+460,+0',2+0'Y

$,2+*+ U B

+LD(46+0'

+0'J+J46

4š

<

‡d‰$Š'‹'ŒbŠ&CZ(!

46D%&

>

1460,+0',2W+0'

R;+R'L!#,)$d+0

2+_=>U)Q+0'W+0'27Y2+DW+ R

2+70

<

"2

"2+\'

D>

+ 0U)$ "+0',D

<

2+ &€+0' S:9

>*a* ANO0

<

&2+0L2+'=,+R'

2+ "3+ e

X'2+ 46+0q+0'.,2460',+0,2+0'5

$H460

5+0,)q

Db NO0JX P

d2+S

+

+

2+hU',*

<

+,2A+0'1',2A0

3.

CONFIRMATION

)

)L$ <|

'-+0'Q*)$*+€

X'2+d'+)5460

+0'Q';2

dD*2

+.

XP%"2+

&

->U)(2+,

+

%3+0Q

+0':2+')U TNO0.';2(+0

,22+D

kl,2+

2+%&%&;2

"kB#lQPm=:<C-:<F X'2+

+

'>l

D "%&&-`

460'70.+0'Q*)$*+n

$2+0',2

<

2+ & +0'W',2 `NO0'W%&

,2

B*2

+,%")Y

+Y2+hU',*

<

2+ &«+0_',2-&

'>l$

&%"'R

+

¢o£ª`¢|ªV£on3ª

NO0'L',2:%

D)I+02 '

*4\ "27e

<O"

>D)Ja,+,,+b-'+0'Q*)$*+€+0

*4\ "27e

*4O "27.*+

'

2+d+ A>a

"22+,,-'+0R*)$*+ 2+,M

9

"2Q+0'3,2 P

')$

%

*2+,dXP+,2d

+0'a>',d+0

2+Q'' 2+:>U)(+0'a

<o

-b+0Q*)*+,$ <|

'++

%&*

9

,2d*

+

°¤V¥´&¦S¯Pª`¸qp(¦­®¢|ªV¯'®¢o°Pª

F

'=>,2_

<

$f3'd+

+

"Y 2+C2+%

460D70Q/%"

?

&-460'

?

,2b+0'c';2

2+/+ d70

%"c+0 "2+d "2\,*+

"%&'6460';2+6+0W

,M$;+b-P+0A*)$*+

1<o

-'c+0'

kl,2+\0>B)A <

2+

%a+0'6';2\+0

\+0,)

"E !J460

Y+QQ!

)80U)$ "+0„

%1+0

R+0'=',2Q

dDC460'

+0'_,2

2)U-">'$V+0,)

2+O$2

6 "2+,\+ YD$d460D701

3 "*A!#)E+ L>2+'*4O 2+0B)U µ<

ADY+0'1*

+"-\3*+ +0A+aa!

+& =~+0';246DA

27_+0'a*

,-&460'

+0'_*)$*+‚$,+,2+

0U)$ "+0',D„,5 &$2+Y "2*+ '

+,2a+03[)L

%5+0A+

9

+0' "'%"0I‡6‰Še ‹'ŒbŠ&H!

46Q

?

,2=› w"w

+-`+0';)

2+1

DhU',)J2+,2+

+ >U)Q+0'_,+;2W

b-&+ +0

Y

9

+ 9+xe

A>%&')K

%q4\ "27$5'

%G+0e!&,)$

l }\+

2+60'%&0)

=>'%& &'C <

)Y+0'_X2+*c+0$2+6;0

+,2+b (NO0B-`+0'3*)$*+ Q

2+ "t+0Q

"%&'Q0D*+ 2)U ONO0

%& 2++0'g+0

d2+%"%&,2+ !&,)$

?&

+

?

O+0\

2

+0';2O+

9

$ &'W2+ U, "

10 &ƒ> ?

NO0'QX'2+*+a+0'Q,2R$2+

?

<b

2+/-"+0'_*)$*+

Cc4

c "22+,,+)=2+, &%

;2-&

<

2+,XPS

+&-+0'Y*)$*+$2+ &$+

<

%+0'O70

%"3

S<|

D-`+0A,2YDa B?

+0'A',2

-"+0'W*)*+,m',,+

>$2+ @46,\+02+ "'%&0

+& ard%

27

<

460';+0',2__-O2+ &$+\+0'',2

<

!&,)$

<W

(

+=0*+ "2)u*Jž|Y> @4

%Q460,+0';2

%&

?

"2+W46+0 460

^4\\!

4

> &V+0'O$

&%"'O <|

2-" "2`

<

+0'W',2^0 &ƒ >1$2+ &+

<

JNO0'10'$2+*+D,

2+705'&-$>\+0_,

D 2+, "27a0

_?"

-€ƒc5w-„†…O‡5ˆ-‰'…

‚

-€ƒc5w-„.|.z.Š-z-ƒ0†…yQ‹c~}„U0yz.„-ŒK…

‚

Œ.„}z…Ž.‰.ˆ0…

‚

Œ.„}z}|.z.Š-z-ƒ0†…Qw~}ŠU‹..„-ŒK…

‚

~0ycz}€.{‘v.wxw.yzc{}|~0ycz}€.{

‚

-€ƒc5w-„…O‡5ˆ-‰'…

‚

-€ƒc5w-„.|.z.Š-z-ƒ0…yQ‹c~}„U0yz.„-ŒK…

‚

Œ.„}z†…Ž.‰-’K…

‚

Œ.„}z}|.z.Š-z-ƒ0†…O}„U“}„cŠ-z.„-ŒK…

‚

~0ycz}€.{v.wxw.yzc{}|~0ycz}€.{

‚

-€ƒc5w-„”…O‡5ˆ-‰'…

‚

-€ƒc5w-„.|.z.Š-z-ƒ0†…•5yQ0zK…

‚

Œ.„}z”…Ž.‰-’K…

‚

Œ.„}z}|.z.Š-z-ƒ0†…•5yQ0zK…–x–h–

¡6¢o£¤V¥@¦˜—l¨™/¯'·E³^¬o¦Ÿ´#¢o®;¿š²`¢|­®°P¥@¿ ±µ¥¯'·E¦Ÿ¥@¦B³`¥@¦$­¦$ªb®U_ ¢|ªV£…®²V¦I¯'´&®¢/¢o®¢o¦$­e¢|ª‚®²V¦I¬o¯P­®S®²V¥@¦B¦T¤V®®¦B¥@¯PªV´&¦$­E´&°ª_ ´&¦B¥ª`¢|ªV£T­°P¤V¥´&¦H¯'ª`¸«¸V¦$­®¢|ª/¯'®¢o°ª

¶q¼

²`¢|­:¥¦$´&°'¥"¸—­²/°­ ®²V¯®1®²V¦e­°¤V¥´&¦‘Y¯P­¢|ªV²V¦B¥"¢o®,¦¸K¢|ªI®²V¦e¬o¯P­®®Q=°¤/®®¦B¥c_ ¯PªV´&¦$­&¾š²/¦$¥@¦B¯P­1®²V¦8¸V¦$­®¢|ªV¯®¢o°ªq=¯'­¯'³`³`¯¥@¦ªl®¬o¿``¥"­® ¥@¦B³c¦B¯®¦$¸ ¯Pª`¸g®²V¦$ªg´²V¯Pª/£P¦$¸W¾¯—¬|¢o¹¦$¬o¿‚´&°ªV¸`¢o®¢o°ªg±µ°P¥ ¥@¦$´&°P£ª`¢o®¢o°ª…¦B¥@¥@°P¥

¶%› °P®¦¨œ

nžŸœ1¥¦B¦$ª`­»C°P¥@°V¾ œ ¡ ™œ1¥¦B¦$ª7V¢|¬|¬o¦¾/¯Pª`¸k¢n

F8$2+2+

%&)Q$f'

D "%&dC$D

%460'

+0'\,2c^

)$

%

(

%& U B=>B)#& *RNO0' 2+ ">'td+0

A<|

DQ2+ "%

*2+ &'0=0,2+&-P>

9

'R+0',kl,6_+ =+,2+ '

%$-'+0'Q*)$*+€'d2

%&

+D, + $,+,2+

5460,+0';2+0'1D

"

460';0H2+ P

> &$2+Q0

6>

2+

;0b <V

-'

,2(+0'S*)$*+ <o

.+ G

$,2+* "

K+0' ';2ZhU',2)U-$+0',2+ad+0'a "+

+

V+0

d+0Q',2Zd' "L

+0'A*)*+,.Za "

)L>3

ŽP,

Q &ƒS>A+0

Q<o

R$2+' &+ :

> &$\+0+

,2

2)U

NO0B'-<

23,M

(

S

2+-*J46O2+%&%&;2

2+hU'*

<

%O+0'C "2+W "2^$*+ P

+D

-"

<

+0,2+cD "

46+0:2+%

27:+ A+0'

2+>+

d+0

6+& NO0'a*)$*+

!$-(

460,2+a4O &D5)U &.!#R+ %"

,MB+-* <ƒ9 +,2=

70EŽP%"0B==,D,,+

<

)e2+Db-^+0',)8

)802

,2+E>U)8+0(%2

2 ENO0,2+

<

+,MB-B+0'*)*+,

46+05+0'2+')U-(

_+0D

%&

(

2+-*346+0 & 2+460

2+-*3_2+

+

2+hB*

<

D "%&

9

4.

KNOWLEDGE SOURCES

[

D "%&&-B4O

)S+02+ &%&0 &+0'3,2Z $?

,2+

+

46+0…+0'E*)$*+. šNO0'G$

&%&*

+-Y

<

"2+&-C <

+03 &*Y

< NO0'1$

&%"'1*

-&

+0

CCD

hU',2)

D "%& * <o

2C+0'O,2C0

Þ Á äÍÒ#Ãdï\Æ"Ã

À$Á à/ÄÃ+ÍÔ[Ã6ÔµÑÃ+ÍáQȵÉUÃ6ÇRÆÒ"ȵÉ3ÍÒ#Ø3Ø#Í;ÕQÕ@ÆÙAÏ[Ã+ÓÎÔÈÃ+Ï[Ã+Ø3ÍÔCÕ@ÆÙUÏCÑUÍÔ[ÔµÝ^ÆÏ[Ø'Ú&ÍÔcÎÒ5âÊ3Í;ÕaÛ#Ï[ÔÈ7Öâ Þ Á À"ÃÑ#È[Ã+Ç6ã$Ã7ÏWÔÎ¥(úÇÎÔ[Ï[Ã+Å+ÆÓÒ#Îý+Ã+Ø&û

À$Á À"ÆÏ[ϵÕÖbË`Ø"ÎØ&ÒPâÈWÅ+ÍÈ[Å[ÉAÈÉUÍÈ7Ö/à/ÄÃ+ÍÔ[Ã6ÃÒÈ[Ã+ÏWÕ@ÆÙ#ÏCèƒÆÙUÏCØ&ÎÓÎÈOØ#ÍÈÃ_ÑUÍÔ[ÔµÝ^ÆÏ[ØYÙUÔÎÒ#ÓÈÉ#Ã6ÈÃÄÃÑ#ÉUÆÒUÃ6á@ÃÕ"Ñ#ÍØ'Ö úÔÙUÅ+Å+Ã+Ô[ÔèDÙ#Ä'Ã+Ò#Ï[ÆÄÄÇÃ+Òȵû

¡6¢o£¤/¥¦†¦l¨J©i¸`¢o¯P¬o°'£¤V¦\¢o®²m¯K¤V­¦$¥L¢|ª7°¬/¢|ªV£q¬o°P£P£¢|ª/£K°ªW¾§3²V¦B¥¦®²V¦¹¦B¿/³`¯'¸…¦$ªl®¥@¿T°P±Y®²V¦G¸V¯®¦¨=¯'­5­¤`´&´&¦$­­±[¤`¬

¶

¼

²V¦LªV¯'·E¦J²V¯'­A»C¦$¦$ªK¯'¬o®¦B¥@¦¸q±°'¥(³V¥"¢$¯P´"¿q¥@¦B¯P­°Pª`­

¶

ÖCÖcÖ

À$Á ì`ÆÒ"ȵÎÒUÃÒÈ[ÍÄlç#ÎÓÉÈdò,íí÷dÉUÍÔcã$Ã+ÃÒÍØ#Ø#Ã+ØAÈÆÕ@ÆÙUÏCÎȵÎÒUÃ+Ï[ÍϵÕ@Ö/ô/ÆÙ3Ø#ÃÑUÍϵÈ_ÀÍÒ3×UÏ[ÍÒ#Å+ÎÔ[Å+ÆaÍÈOí&ÁöîÍ#ÖÇAÖlÍÒUØAÍÏÏÎÐ@Ã_ÎÒ å\ÆÙUÔµÈ[ÆÒ3ÍÈ_ò,÷&Á÷îdÑPÖÇAÖlÂeÉ#ÍÈ\Ø#ÍÈÃ_ÝCÎÄÄPÕ@ÆÙ=ãÃ_ÏÃÈÙUϵÒ#ÎÒUÓaÆÒBæ

Þ Á Ê3Í;ÕQȵÉ#ÎÏ[Ø:úÇÎÔÏ[Ã+Å+ÆÓÒ#Îý+Ã+Ø&û

À$Á ÜWáÍ7ÕÖ`ì`ÆÒ"ȵÎÒUÃÒÈ[ÍÄlç#ÎÓÉ"ÈÔWèƒÏ[ÆDžå\ÆÙUÔµÈ[ÆÒAÈ[ÆQÀÍÒ3×UÏ[ÍÒ#Å+ÎÔ[Å+ÆaÆÒ3Ì^ÉÙUÏ[ÔØ#Í;Õ=Ê3Í;ÕQȵÉ#ÎÏØ'Ö^ÜWÒ#Ã_ÇRÆÇRÃÒ"ÈCÑ#ÄÃ7ÍÔÃYÖCÖCÖ

ì`ÍÒAÕ@ÆÙAÑ#Ï[Æ;ÐÎØ#Ã6ÍRØ&Ã+Ñ#ÍÏȵÙUÏ[Ã6ÆÏCÍÏ[ϵÎÐÍÄPȵÎÇRÃ;æ3Ì^ÉUÃ_Ã+ÍÏÄÎÃ7ÔµÈWÒ#ÆÒUÔÈÆÑ3ç#ÎÓÉÈ\ÄÃ7Í7Ð@Ã+Ô\ÍÈ\ù"Áü@îÍ#ÖÇAÖbÍÒUØ=ÍÏ[ÏÎÐ@Ã7ÔcÍÈWñ&ÁðñÍ#ÖÇAÖ Þ Á ó\ÆÑ$Ã6Ê3ÍÏ[ÅÉAȵÉ#ÎÏ[Ø

À$Á à/ÄÃ+ÍÔÃdÃÒÈ[Ã+ÏcÈÉUÃOèƒÆÙUÏCØ&ÎÓÎÈOÇRÆÒÈÉAÍÒUØ3Ø#Í7ÕQÙUÔÎÒ#ÓRÈÉUÃOÈÃÄÃÑ#ÉUÆÒUÃdá@ÃÕ"ÑUÍØÖ Þ Á îöîö3úá@ÃÕ"ÑUÍØ"û

À$Á ÜWáÍ7ÕÖ`ì`ÆÒ"ȵÎÒUÃÒÈ[ÍÄlç#ÎÓÉ"ÈÔWèƒÏ[ÆDžå\ÆÙUÔµÈ[ÆÒAÈ[ÆQÀÍÒ3×UÏ[ÍÒ#Å+ÎÔ[Å+ÆaÆÒ1À"ÍȵÙUÏØ#Í;Õ@Ú$Ê3ÍÏ[ÅÉAȵÉ#ÎÏ[ØÖ`ÜWÒ#Ã_ÇRÆÇRÃÒ"ÈcÑ#ÄÃ+ÍÔÃQÖCÖCÖ

¡6¢o£¤/¥¦©l¨©€¸`¢o¯P¬o°P£P¤V¦^¢o®²8¯5¤`­¦B¥ ²/¦$¥@¦1®²V¦(­¿/­®¦$·˜³`¥@°·E³V®¦$¸8±°'¥=¯.¹¦B¿b³`¯P¸S¦$ªb®¥@¿S°P±c®²V¦:¸V¯'®¦¾7¢o®²­¤V»^­¦uª/¤/¦ªl® ­¤V´#´&¦$­­

¶

Þ Á ÂSÉUÃÒ3ÎÔCÈÉUÃOÒ#Ã#¥Ècç#ÎÓÉÈWèƒÏ[ÆǬ«WÒUÅÉUÆÏ[ÍÓÃ_ÈÆQÀ"Ã+ÍÈȵÄÃ;æ

ÀBÁ ×ÄÎÓÉÈ[ÔcèéÏÆÇ­«cÒUÅ[ÉUÆÏÍÓÃ_È[ÆQÀÃ7ÍȵȵÄÃÖ`ÂeÉ#ÍÈ\ÍÎϵÄÎÒUÃdÍÏ[ÃWÕ@ÆÙAÎÒÈ[Ã+ÏÃ7ÔµÈ[Ã+Ø3ÎÒBæ Þ Á ïOÃÄÈÍ

ÀBÁ ÜWáÍ7Õ@ÖVïOÃÄÈÍRç#ÎÓÉÈÔWèƒÏ[ÆǬ«WÒUÅ[É#ÆÏ[ÍÓÃ_È[ÆaÀ"Ã+ÍÈȵÄÃdÆÒ3Ì^É"Ù#Ï[Ô[Ø&Í;ÕY×UÃãUÏÙUÍϵÕ=÷÷&Ö^ÜWÒUÃ_ÇÆÇRÃÒ"ÈCÑ#ÄÃ+ÍÔÃQÖCÖCÖ Ë`Å+ÆÙ#ÄØ"ÒPâÈWÛ&ÒUØAÍÒÕ=ç&ÎÓÉ"ÈÔ\ÆÒAïOÃÄÈÍ#ÖVËVÉ#Í;Ð@Ã6ÍÒUÆÒUÔµÈ[ÆÑ«WÄÍÔµáÍ®«cÎÏÄÎÒUÃ+Ô\ç#ÎÓÉÈWÄÃ7Í7Ð"ÎÒUÓQÍÈ\ø&ÁðñdÑPÖÇAÖ ÍÒUØ=ÍÏ[ÏÎÐ"ÎÒ#ÓaÍÈ_òÁò;üÍ#ÖÇAÖlôVÆÙAÍÏ[ÏÎÐ@ÃOÈÉUÃOèƒÆÄÄÆ7ÝCÎÒUÓQØ#Í;Õ@ÖbÂ(ÆÙ#ÄØAȵÉUÍÈcÝ^ÆÏá#æ

Þ Á ô/Ã7Ô7Ú#Å+ÆÒ#ÒUÃ+ÅȵÎÒUÓQÈ[ÆQÀÍÒ3ï\ÎÃ+ÓÆ

ÀBÁ ËVÉUÃ+ÍÏØ=Õ@ÆÙ3ÔÍ;ÕQÕ@ÆÙAÝ`ÍÒ"ÈcÈ[ÆÍÏ[ÏÎÐ@ÃOÎÒ(À"ÍÒAï\ÎÃ+ÓÆ#ÖVË|ÔCȵÉUÍÈ\Å+ÆÏÏ[Ã+ÅÈæAËoèlÕ@ÆÙAÒ#Ã7Ã+ØAÉ#Ã+ÄÑPÚ#Õ@ÆÙÅ+ÍÒ3ÔÍ;Õ@Ú èƒÆÏcÏ¥"ÍÇÑ#ÄÃÚâÂSÉUÍÈcÅÎÈÎÃ7Ô\Ø#ÆÕ@ÆÙAáÒUÆ7ÝqÎÒ1Ü\Ï[Ã+ÓÆÒPÖâ

Þ Á úËoû'áÒUÆ7ÝGàbÆϵÈÄÍÒUØ'Ö

ÀBÁ à/ÄÃ7ÍÔÃ6Ã+ÒÈÃ7ÏCȵÉUÃ_èƒÙ#ÄÄ'ÒUÍÇRÃ_ÆèlȵÉUÃ_Ø#Ã+ÔȵÎÒUÍȵÎÆÒ(ÅÎÈ|ÕAÙ#ÔÎÒUÓÈÉUÃ_ÈÃÄÃÑ#ÉUÆÒUÃ6á@ÃÕ"ÑUÍØÖ

¡6¢o£¤/¥¦¨¯b¨.©–¸V¢o¯P¬o°P£¤/¦¢|ª¬3²`¢|´"²j®²V¦G­¿/­®¦$·°=¯'­:³`¥@°u°P¹¦$¸T®°K¥@¦uª/¤/¦­®(¯q¹¦$¿b³`¯'¸…¢|ª/³^¤V®(°ªˆ®²/¦G¸V¦$­®¢|ªV¯'®¢o°ªˆ´&¢o®;¿

¶

¼

²`¢|­A¥@¦uªb¤V¦$­®Y¯P­3¤`ªV­¤`´#´&¦$­­±¤`¬ ±*®²/¦e¤V­¦$¥1²b¤`ªV£E¤V³N²

¶ NO0A*)$*+

hATBUGV>c8KB-=

460'70e ,

%&

+

=+0'.$

&%"'.$2+ &%"2+,3+02+ "'%&0 +0.+

5>

XPH>'

>'&-'70

"

2+)I,X'

+ <

+0'J2+,+$2

1>

<

P,+0'Q

2)U-`460'70

+,23D,%& [q

D„,,20U)$ "+0',

<

%&

+D

)8'

2+Ž''0'e

;0E+ .

,4 %6,+b

]810 ?

%J70 @9

+02+ &%&0 &

$2+ &>D,

+&-6

1460',2+J+0J',2(

)q>

Q+0'2+, &%

„,23,

+ 9 a+ .'>*+++A+03

3

"22+;=0U)$ "+0

<

"2Q+03 9 +

R[)U-@ "2/+0'C &$2+.b*+ P Q?&

2+D,

<

2+ " hU,2)R+

/+0'W2+, &%

„,2C0U)$ "+0„^$kl;2+

`+ 46+0

%a+0'6

+,2

W

<

"2+cb",*+ '

+

!#,)$

<

2+ "ghU',2)+ =hU',2)U-U4\R0' "+ =>

>A+ 5$DY460'

+ 5$2+ &$

<

2

?

,2+XP

70S "2+ "

+ "2)Q+0$2+ &'%"0' "`+0O &$2+_ <P

%&6$

&%&& cNO0'C0'*+ 2) R'l

;0J+$2

460'70S+0 ?&

D

2+A2+,

-+0';2

<

2+ &‚+0'6',2W+;2 "

%R46+0A+0_[)U-"

+

%460,+0',2C+0O[)Y4

%&l-2+,

aD'*2

+e

•`D%"2+3›B A•' "2a

70EhU',2)

!&,)$-+0D12+ 27…: $9 ?&

'

/46+0R460

2+5>

<

2+a

+0'Q$

&%"'& WNO0'a,)(0'*+ "2):6Ž''0 460'

?

;2

ŽP%"0BRDa,D,,+

<

"2a+0'A+

,2

2)U =]E

2+3$2

9

%A0',2+*+

< 460'

XPQ

+,2

d <c

,+

2+Q+

+,2

>l

;46)Y

_ž|>^

&d

O "2+_2+

>W

5.

EXAMPLE DIALOGUES

[

+0':,,+

-d4OL$2+

&%&-+ .'*2

a460',2+!&,)$

L

2)L4

Q2+

9

hU'*+b C•`%&$2+

v

0' 46

%&

\ <V

$

&%"'460,2+!#;)

9

S

2)J4

%5+0A

*4O 27E$2+

%

+0'6 &%"%&

%Q

*

%&" c•`D%"2+”2+

?

×UÏÆÇAÁbÇRÃ+Ï[ÅÙUϵÕ

À@Ù#ã&ßÃ+Å+È7Á`ÔµÙUÅ+Å+Ã7ÔÔèDÙ#ÄPØ"ÎÍÄÆÓÙUÃdÝcÎÈÉAÇRÃ+Ï[ÅÙUÏÕ

Ì^ÉUÃHèéÆÙUϵÈɟÔÙ#Å7Å+Ã+Ô[ÔµèƒÙ&Ä.Ø&ÎÍÄÆÓÙUÃTÝcÎÈɈß[ÆÉ#ҟØ#ÆÃKÉUÍÔJßµÙUÔÈÛ#Ò0³ ÎÔÉUÃ+Ø'Ö Ì^ÉUÃÎȵÎÒUÃ+Ï[ÍϵÕmÝ^ÍÔSÑUÏÎÅ7Ã+ؗÍÈ8ðí@ù"Ö÷ð&Ö Ì^ÉUÃèéÆÄÄÆ;ÝCÎÒUÓ ÎÈÎÒ#Ã7ÏÍÏÕÝ^ÍÔÏÃ+Ô[Ã+ÏÐ@Ã+Ø'ւÆÒGÂ(Ã+Ø&ÒUÃ+Ô[Ø#Í7Ն«WÑUϵÎÄRò,øSÆ҆«\ÇÃ7ϵÎÅ+ÍÒ ç&ÎÓÉ"È_÷@ùù"ÚUÕ@ÆÙØ#ÃÑUÍÏÈWèéÏÆÇmê^ÆÔµÈ[ÆÒÍÈOñ&ÁöîRÍÇmÍÒUØÍÏÏÎÐ@Ã_ÎÒ1À"ÍÒ ïWÎÃ+ÓÆYÍÈ_ò,÷&Áü@ñÑUÇAÖÚ&ÆÒ×UÏÎØ#Í;Õ «WÑUϵÎÄl÷îÆÒ«\ÇRÃ+ÏÎÅ7ÍÒAç#ÎÓÉÈ_÷@ùñî&Ú Õ@ÆÙSØ#ÃÑUÍϵÈRèƒÏ[ÆÇtÀ"ÍÒSï\ÎÃ7ÓÆ(ÍÈQí&ÁîüÑUÇgÍÒUØJÍÏÏÎÐ@ÃYÎÒ8À"ÍÒLä@ÆÔ[à ì`ÍÄÎèéÆϵÒ#ÎÍÍÈù"Á÷íYÑUÇ=ÖÚÆÒ.Ê3ÆÒ#Ø#Í;Õ9«WÑ#ÏÎÄ`÷öAÆÒ«WÇRÃ+ÏÎÅ+ÍÒ:ç#ÎÓÉÈ ò,îø&ÚÕ@ÆÙ5Ø&Ã+Ñ#ÍÏÈOèƒÏ[ÆÇ À"ÍÒ(ä@ÆÔ[ÃRì`ÍÄÎèƒÆÏÒ#ÎÍAÍÈ6ø&ÁîîYÍǂÍÒUØ1ÍÏÏÎÐ@à ÎÒê^ÆÔÈÆÒ3ÍÈcü#Áü@ðÑUÇ=Ö

¡6¢o£¤/¥¦µb¨ b¯P·E³^¬o¦°'±O®²V¦(¦$·E¯P¢|¬`·E¦$­­¯'£'¦®²V¯'®Y¢|­a­¦$ªl® ®,° ­¿/­®¦$· ¸/¦u¦$¬o°P³C¦B¥­†3²V¦$ªt¯

‡6‰$Š'‹PŒlŠ&

¸`¢o¯'¬o°P£¤V¦m¢|­ ´"°·E³^¬o¦B®¦$¸

¶

D "%&

460'701+06*)*+,

4

!&,)$

NO0=*)$*+nD

+,2+$2+,+0Q',2Z

2

+0',23,2)$+5$+,2 "

&-(¶

1D%"0U=$2+1+0

Y+0',2=4

%(+0'Y+0'27S+$2

-" L+0,2+

<

2+ ;0E· T#M¸BUGB8

+0'RhB*+

+0',2Y+0 G

!B

%J SNO0'1,2A0B

%.

Y+0'Y &

-C +0a!#,)$

12+hB*_4

E,>'F ',

,`460',2+O!&,)$

Q4OY0 ?

)=460',+0,2C+0'CD

,%")U dFOdD=d460',+0,2+0Q',2 "

!&,)$

Y46+0 &$Q,22+ "2+ =]E=46

%& 2++0'€>

&%& , &,+

6.

EVALUATION

p

&%&J S

%&e+,;0

&%"'8 P

%&,2: 9

kl,+A+0(;2

<

)8 "+0';23

2+A

<

+0:*)$*+. 8NO0'(

+D%"

:>'DA

+ J+0':

D "%&5 "$9

%&,2-,M$DX'

>

?

&-$O

<l

&%"'& ]8 "27l-#

+

A,

,c,22+ 2c2

a>

d>U)(+0'

?

&%"'J*2

+%")H( 2+5,kl,,+

?

&%&O*2

S•'2+0,2+ "2+"-^A3$f'=> "+0E+ J'

?& D +0.*)$*+.-W>

.

<

2+ &>A2+

+q+ 8> +0I$

&%&

@46$%&Y &$2+ ]8=0 ?

+0 &%&0E+0'=2+'+ ='*>A

+,2+2+,+J46+0e

2+& =•'$2+0',2+ 2+&-laR

&%QXPW+0

46%"1 &2+,-C

"27$,2Q+ J>

6.1

Dialogue Evaluation Metrics

]860 ?

,4H,2+-º¹

A,BUGQd®» BUE· T#:<Fd3"

­¼

>0ECQB!P7F¾½¿†C-:iBUEC-d +

)q0' 4n,kl,+

?

hB,2)j$

[)u*U7-"

> "2+>H $<

2+

+ q<

2+ &

,d,f,D

,)u*B7 }\ &+

%S+0'xÀp "

I}OŸ;2+D,32+hU'2+2+2+ U,

9

0'd2

''5>U)10

+0'O+0$2+ &%&0:+0R $9 +2+:*)$*+

2+:

+E>U)E0B'>E;2+D$+

+0X'2+*-C+0' 2+ "%

D„,,2d0B)$ +0'

<

2+ &Ÿ+0++0

4O,2+ &,+ :$2+ U7/a

+0'J,

b-6+0'J 2+0' &%2

0B)H

<

460

DeQD

9µ?&

'=2+,2+

)(>B) +0'A>2

" ;0e

%546+0e+0A2+ "%

)U-B+0'

%"V+ 6+0'W

"2+

R+0'W

D "%&

%&

2

+,d+0

c+0'd

W460D701 U$2_$2+

%

>'hU'

6 ?&

D

+

46D/>R &0,2+

[ )

` ?&

D

2+-+0=*)$*+n &>

9

%"&-_

2+>'+,_0

(+ A>R2+

+b

6.2

“Living” Evaluation

]E\0

46+03';2+-"

Y+ %&'D$_*)*+,—

?

&'

V>

R460,2+3aa

2a+0

70'R4\ &'D

0

? A>

,X+b NO0'QD

+,2

+

?

$2+ U$2+3+%&0U+)S &

9

;kl "2+Q46+0G*)$*+

?

&

JNV ,M$$+J+0D(2+ U,-4\e0

? L

?

&I70

%‡6‰$Š'‹PŒlŠ&CZ6,2

<

)5>

-P460D70

0

? 6>

0B>2+ &%2

"

>U)

&%&O

52+%&%",2+j>B)

2+e …

0B>T2+ &%2

%&0qž|%&

,2

+L>U)5+0=*)$*+.Z%"

2)5 &>

-P+0'a

VX'460 3+0'Q',2d4

0' 4='70a,M$,2+

,W+0'c';2^0

%6+0'W‡6‰Š‹PŒlŠ& *)$*+–ž|| & -C0' 4

DY0 ?

>,

&%"%&8+ +0

Q',2,7 3NO0'3*)$*+

%8‡6‰Š‹PŒlŠ&cZ

2+D,a &>

2+3,2\

C4O

"26+0a‡6‰Š‹PŒlŠ&8*)$*+.



54O,D

J%"+„T4 ?

;0j$+,2 "

4\>

9

-&'

2+„

%d+0O

%&

?

%& "

+Q4O>

%&

<

)S%& &

D "%&

R+0R

/4O,2+ 'e>U)L+0'‡6‰$Š'‹PŒlŠ&H*)*+,š

" *4O,2+

%J

70EhU',2)U [

,2+>6 "2c

2 "

,2+W

<

+0'a,;0b O•`%"2+ xw

4\>'

%&

<

2

2+

d‡6‰Š‹PŒlŠ&e

&%"'&

¶ Æ

¸/¦$¥¢¦$¸G±¥@°· ®²V¦S¬o°P£`C¬o¦¾^¯'­Y¦¬|¬C¯P­3¦$ªV¯»^¬|¢|ªV£S³^¬o¯B¿V¢|ª/£8¯PªV¸H®¥@¯PªV­´&¥¢o»^¢|ªV£G¤`­¦B¥(¤V®®¦B¥@¯PªV´&¦$­

¶

"%&'" T]T0' K

2)G "2A "+0,246.

$

-\+0:*)$*+

!BA+0 ,2+ 32+,

d+0D

2+

/2+5)U "54O;2+Y "'

%K+-*$-(

]8,2+a)U &5

9

*X'.46+0L+0'Q*)$*+9+-*B

J

AhU';2)5+ 1 "

)J "

9

+/ "2C%&%&,*+D

^+0'c';2C0 )

)a2 "

,2+>'

,c+ +0_hU';2+D,-&4O_ "

+A,2R

+D <o

,+ E"

.*)$*+€2+,D ?&

Q+ 1 "+0';2 2+

)JhU

7.

SUMMARY

NO0R

,2R0

%S460

+0:,210

3'

>')q

70I$ 9 "%&'e+2

&%"'&-Q,

„,2.4\ "27I%"2

'0T46+0

6+0'Q

*460

?

,230

<§S:9

>*Y "

27O+0'2+

9

+,2O,2+'

-$

?

,2

$2+ &>'

Q2+%"%&,2

b@ "2W0'1

"2+b-B+0';2W>,

6+0_*)$*+— " 5<

2d+0.-B+0',)(0 @?

Ž'D;46+0e +0',2 <

& :NO0'1%"

'>l$

&%"'6

)(460

A0U)$ "+0

D$,2+S460

+0'Q+ &S0B)$ +0'R

Y+0'W*2

!&,)$

&$2+ &e2+, &%

q,MB+

?

.;M;2+D

546+0I!&,)$

%L+0': &%&

3+0'd

,2)A2+,

+0'^,+0' BQ46D$>_,kl;+

?

Y+0'C

,4T[)1 26',2 P

@7

8.

REFERENCES

úò7ûëVÖ#ê^ÍÑ#ȵÎÔµÈ\ÍÒUØÀ$ÖBÀ"ÃÒUÏÈlÚɏÊ\ÃÒUÃ+ÔÎÔ!³|˵Ë*Áu«Ë/Ã+Ï[ÔÍÈÎÄÃRÀÕ"ÔÈÃ+Ç èéÆÏCëPÍÒUÓÙ#ÍÓàÊ\ÃÒUÃ+ÏÍÈÎÆÒÎÒ(ì`ÆÒ"Ð@Ã+Ï[ÔÍÈÎÆÒUÍÄ/ÀÕ"ÔÈÃ7Ç

«WÑ#Ñ#ÄÎÅ+ÍÈÎÆÒ#Ô;ÚÌÍÏÎÑÐÒUÓmÔ-ÕmÖK×ÍÙØÚ.ÚÚUê^ÃÎßµÎÒUÓ#ÚìVÉ#ÎÒ#Í#Ú$Ü\ÅÈ;ÖB÷îîî&Ö ú÷,ûäBÖKÊWÄÍÔ[Ô7ÚUäUÖ$ìVÉUÍÒUÓ#ÚUÍÒ#Ø3Ê5ÖUÊ3Å;ì`ÍÒUØ&ÄÃ7ÔÔ;ÖÉH«qàVÏÆãUÍã#ÎÄÎÔȵÎÅ

×UÏ[ÍÇRÃÝ^ÆϵáYèƒÆÏ^×UÃ+ÍÈÙ#Ï[ϳoãUÍÔÃ7Ø(À@ÑÃ+Ã+Å[ÉXÛcÃ+Å+ÆÓÒ#ÎȵÎÆÒPÚÌÍÏÎÑÐÒUÓ ÔcÕÖK×ÍÜØÝ5ÞÚ&Ñ#ÑPÖU÷÷@ùùQß"÷÷øî&Ú$àbÉ#ÎÄÍØ#ÃÄÑ&É#ÎÍ#Úà«dÚ$ò,ññí&Ö úö,ûäBÖKÊWÄÍÔ[Ô7ÚUäUÖUàlÆÄÎèƒÏ[ÆÒ#ÎéÚ$À$Ö$À"ÃÒUÏÈlÚUÍÒUØàËÖKáBÙUÃÚÉ[ïOÍÈÍ

ì^ÆÄÄÃ+Å+ȵÎÆÒ(ÍÒUØ=àbÃ+ϵèéÆÏÇRÍÒUÅ+Ããâ/Ð,ÍÄÙUÍȵÎÆÒ(Æè/ÀÑ$Æá@Ã+Ò3ï\ÎÍÄÆÓÙUà ÀÕ&ÔµÈ[Ã+ÇRÔ7ÁVÌ^ÉUÃ6Ê3Ë|̑â¥ÑÃ+ϵÎÃÒUÅ+Ã@ÚÌ ÍÇÎ!ÐQÒ-Ó,ÔcÕÖK×ÍÜØÚ.ÚÚ'ËVÆÄéÖUËËÚ Ñ#ÑPÖ$ò#ßü#Ú#ê^Ã+ÎßÎÒ#Ó#Úì`É&ÎÒUÍ#Ú$÷îîî&Ú$Ü\ÅÈ7ÖB÷îîî&Ö

úüûÌ6Ö&å\Íý+ÃÒPÚUÌ_Ö#ê`Ù#ÏÎÍÒUÃá$ÚBäUÖ#àlÆÄÎèƒÏ[ÆÒ#ÎéÚBÍÒUØÀ$ÖBÀ"ÃÒUÏÈbÚ É[ËoÒ"ÈÃ+ÓÏ[ÍȵÎÒUÓàÛWÃ+Å+ÆÓÒ#ÎȵÎÆÒ(ÍÒUØì`ÆÒ#Û#Ø#ÃÒUÅ+ÃRÀ"Å+ÆϵÎÒUÓRÝCÎ鵃 ëPÍÒUÓÙUÍÓÃ Þ Ò#Ø#Ã+Ï[ÔÈÍÒUØ&ÎÒUÓQÍÒUØAï\ÎÍÄÆÓÙUÃÊ3Æ"Ø#ÃÄÄÎÒUÓ#ÚÌÍÏÎÑÐÒUÓ ÔcÕÖK×ÍÏäiå5Ú.Ú.ÚÚUÑ&ÑPÖ$ò,îü@÷ß#ò,îü@ð&Ú$ê^ÃÎßµÎÒUÓ#ÚìVÉ#ÎÒUÍ#ÚBÜ\Å+È7ÖÚB÷îîî&Ö úð,ûRÀ$ÖBÀ"ÃÒUÏÈlÚBïÖKÊ\Æ"Ø#Ø&Ã7ÍÙ'ÚìOÖ&àlÍÆ#Ú#ÍÒUØ3äUÖ&àbÆÄÎèéÏÆÒ#ÎoÚ

É*ÊAÙ#ÄȵÎÇRÆØ#ÍÄlï\ÎÔÅ7ÆÙ#Ï[Ô[ÃdÊ3ÆØ#ÃÄÄÎÒ#ÓQÎÒ3ÍaÊAÙ#ÄÈγéÙUÔ[Ã+Ï

ÊAÙ#Äȵγ|Ø#ÆÇRÍÎÒ^â/ÒÐ"ÎÏÆÒUÇRÃÒÈ;ÚÌàÍÇÎ!ÐQÒ-ÓÔcÕÖK×ÍÏäÑÝ5Þ,Ú#Ñ#Ñ1ò,ñ÷U³ò,ñð&Ú Ü\Å+È7ÖÚ$ò,ññí&Ö

úí,ûRÀ$ÖBÀ"ÃÒUÏÈlÚâWÖ&åWÙUϵÄÃÕ@ÚKÛdÖ&ëPÍÙPÚ$ì\Ö&àbÍÆ#Ú&àbÖBÀ"Å[ÉUÇÎØ'ÚUÍÒUØàËÖ áBÙUÃÚɏÊ\ÍÄÍ-¥Õ}³|ËË*Á«†ÛcÃ+èƒÃ+Ï[ÃÒUÅ+Ãã«\ÏÅ[É#ÎÈÃ+ÅÈÙUÏÃdèƒÆÏ

ì^ÆÒÐ@Ã+Ï[ÔÍÈÎÆÒ#ÍÄ`À@Õ&ÔµÈ[Ã+Çmï\Ã+Ð@ÃÄÆÑ#ÇRÃÒ"È7ÚÌ ÍÏÎÑÐÒUÓmÔ-ÕmÖK×ÍæØÝ.çÚ Ñ#ÑPÖUñöòQ³|ñöü#ÚÀÕ&Ø"ÒUÃÕÚ«cÙUÔÈÏ[ÍÄÎÍ#ÚUïOÃ+ÅÖÚò,ññø&Ö

úù;ûRÀ$ÖBÀ"ÃÒUÏÈlÚÛ6Ö#ëPÍÙPÚ&ÍÒUØ3äUÖ#àlÆÄÎèéÏÆÒ#ÎoÚÉÜ\Ï[ÓÍÒ&Îý+ÍÈÎÆÒ'Ú ì^ÆÇÇdÙ#Ò&ÎÅ+ÍÈÎÆÒ'ÚÍÒ#Øì`ÆÒ"ÈÏ[ÆÄ'ÎÒ3ȵÉUÃèãéê-éKëìuíîLî

ì^ÆÒÐ@Ã+Ï[ÔÍÈÎÆÒ#ÍÄ`À@Õ&ÔµÈ[Ã+ÇAÚÌïÍÇÎÑÐÒUÓmðÏñ5Î!Ðcòó5ôOôOҏõ\ØÝ}ÝÚUê`Ù#Ø#ÍÑ$Ã7ÔµÈ;Ú åWÙ#ÒUÓÍϵÕ@Ú#Ñ#ÑPÖBò,÷@ù@ò#ß#ò,÷@ù,ü#ÚPÜ\ÅÈ7ÖÚ$ò,ñññ&Ö

úø,ûRÀ$ÖBÀ"ÃÒUÏÈ(ÍÒUØ=äBÖ#àbÆÄÎèéÏÆÒ#ÎoÚÉ[ïWÎÍÄÆÓÙUÃÊ3ÍÒUÍÓÃ+ÇRÃÒ"ÈcÎÒ3ȵÉUà ö^÷}øKù0úø ì3×ÄÎÓÉ"ȚÛWÃ+Ô[Ã+ϵÐÍȵÎÆÒ(ÀÕ"ÔÈÃ+ÇAÚÌàÍÏÎÑÐQÒ-Ó

ûšü ×ÍÇä

üšûšû

Õ×xå5Ú.Ú.ÚUýIÖþ.ÿôZÿ<ôÐcÎcò!õ0ЏóBÚÀ"Ã+ÍÈȵÄÃÚBÂX«Ú Ê3Í;Õ@ÚU÷îîî&Ö

úñ,ûRÀ$ÖBÀ"ÃÒUÏÈlÚÉ[ÌCË|óš«dÁ'«qó\ÍȵÙUÏ[ÍÄ'ëPÍÒUÓÙUÍÓÃÀÕ"ÔÈÃ7DžèéÆÏWÀÑ$Æá@ÃÒ ëPÍÒUÓÙUÍÓç«WÑ&Ñ#ÄÎÅ+ÍȵÎÆÒUÔ;ÚÌxÕÐ šóñ0ÿ<þcÿÐ þ m×.ñòHÿaÒQò*Ú}ËVÆÄoÖ ò,ø&ÚUó\Æ#ÖBòÚ&Ñ#ÑPÖUíò#ß"øí&Úò,ññ÷&Ö

úò,î,ûäBÖ0ÛdÖ"ô\ÎoÚ#ÍÒUØXÊWÄÍÔÔ;ÚUäUÖKÛ6ÖÚUò,ññø&ÖUó\ÍȵÙUÏ[Íij|Ô[ÆÙ#Ò#Ø&ÎÒUÓ=ÀÑ$Ã+Ã+Å[É ÀÕ"ÒȵÉUÃ+ÔÎÔcÙUÔÎÒ#Ó®ËVÍϵÎÍã#ÄϳoÄÃÒUÓȵÉ

Þ