All Electrical School

(1)

All Electrical School

_{with GSHP in Quebec}

Preliminary Results

Vasile MINEA

Workshop on Canadian Heat Pumps &

(2)

Hydro

--

Quebec Contribution

¾

Sector: Commercial, Institutional & Industrial

¾

Field: Heat Pumps & Refrigeration

R&D and Demonstration Projects (LTE)

Technical Support to HQ’s Customers

Expert Advices to: –

HQ’s Representatives in

Regions

–

Architects & Building Owners

–

Design Engineers, Manuf

acturers & Contractors

Diffusion of Information & Promotion –

Show-cases

–

Conferences & Workshops

–

IEA –

H

eat Pump Program (Annex Projects)

(3)

All Electrical GSHP School

¾

Partners

School Board (50 Schools)

–

Previous Experience in Efficient Energy Projects

–

Favourable & Competent Technical Service

Local Design Engineering Firm

–

Good Past Experience with GSHP

Laboratoire des Technologies de l’Énergie (LTE), Hydro-Quebec

–

More than12

years Involving in such Projects

–

Contribution to the System Design

–

(4)

Objectives

¾

Built a High Energy Efficiency, All Electrical School

Without Any Fossil Combustible

“Green School”

(consistent with Kyoto Protocol (Quebec: 99% Hydroelectricity)

Serving as a Show

-C

ase

¾

Determine the System Performance vs. Quebec & School Board’s Average Specific Energy Consumption

¾

(5)

Building

–

É

cole du Tournant

(6)

Building

¾

Occupancy: maximum 200 Students

¾

Two Floors & a Partial Penthouse

(Mechanical & Electrical Rooms)

¾

Ground Surface: 1 300 sq.m.

¾

Total Floor Surface: 2 764 sq.m.

¾

(7)

Geothermal System

¾

Simple Configuration

¾

Ground Heat Exchanger: 18 vertical Wells (125-m Depth Each)

¾

25 Geothermal Heat Pumps

0.75 to 10-ton

Total Capacity 58 tons

¾

Outdoor Air Preheating System

Two Solar Walls (East –

W

est)

Exhaust Air Heat Pipe Heat Recovery HEX

10-ton Ground-Source Heat Pump

110-kW Electrical Back-Up Coil

¾

(8)

System Configuration

HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP HP Pu m p in g St a ti o n G e o th e rm al H eat E xch an g e r Fi rs t Fl oor G round Fl oor 1 2 W a te r-to -A ir H eat P u m p s 1 2 W a te r-to -A ir H eat Pu m p s 32 P a ra m e te rs H P -75000 D a ta Ac q u is it o r R esu lt s MO D E M LTE La bor a tor y Da ta An a ly s is

(9)

Outdoor Air Preheating

H S ola r W all W es t S ola r W all E as t H eat P ip e H eat R eco ver y H E X Ai r Re tu rn G eot he rm al C los ed -L oop El ec tr ic Hu m id ify er P reh eat in g G S H eat P um p G S H P S yst em E lect ri c B ack-U p C oi l E xhaus t

(10)

Solar Wall

–

East Side

(11)

Preliminary Results

Daily Average Power Demands

0 20 40 60 20 03-04 -01 03- ₂₀ 05 -01 03- ₂₀ 06-01 20 03-07 -01 03- ₂₀ 08-01 20 03 -0 9-0 1 20 03 -1 0-0 1 20 03-11 -01 -1 03 ₂₀ 2-0 1 20 04-01 -01 04- ₂₀ 02 -01 03 04- ₂₀ -01 Da y Po we r, kW A pr il 2003 M ar ch 2004 B uild in g GS H P S ys te m D aily A vr g. Po w er D ema nd

(12)

Winter: System Operating Profile

5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0:0

13 :20 2:4 0 15: 58 5:1 8 18: 38 7:5 8 21 :18 10: 38 23: 56 13 :18 2:3 8 15: 56 Ti m e Po we r, kW Ja nu ar y 12-18, 2004 Pu m pi ng S ta tion O pe ra ting P rof ile Week -E nd Da y Ni ght

(13)

Example: Thermo

--

fluid Temperatures

-4 0 4 8 12 0 0:0 13: 20 2:40 15 :58 5:1 8 18: 38 7:58 21 :18 10 :38 23: 56 13 :18 2:38 15 :56 Ti m e Te mp erat ure, ° C Ja nu ar y 12-18, 2004 Le av in g G round En te ri ng G round Th er mo -flu id Week -E nd Ni gh t _Day

(14)

Example: Thermo

--

fluid vs. Outdoor Temp.

-3 0 -2 0 -1 0 0 10 20 0 0:0 13 :20 2:40 15: 58 5:1 8 18 :38 7:5 8 21 :18 10 :38 23: 56 13 :18 2:38 15: 56 Ti m e Te mp erat ure, ° C Ja nu ar y 12-18, 2004 O ut door A ir The rm o-flui d: In le t/O ut le t G round

(15)

Winter: Fresh Air

–

SOLAR WALL

(East Side)

-3 0 -2 0 -1 0 0 10 20 00 0: 10 :46 21 :32 8: 18 19 :02 5: 48 16 :34 3: 20 14 :06 0: 52 11 :38 22 :22 9: 10 19 :56 6: 42 17 :26 Ti m e Te mp eratu re, °C Ja nu ar y 12-18, 2004 Fr es h A ir - S O LA R W A LL In le t Ou tle t S ys te m O FF ( N ight ) We ek -E nd

(16)

Winter: Fresh Air

HEAT RECOVERY HEX

-3 0 -2 0 -1 0 0 10 20 30 00 0: 10 :46 21 :32 8: 18 19 :02 5: 48 16 :34 3: 20 14 :06 0: 52 11 :38 22 :22 9: 10 19 :56 6: 42 17 :26 Ti m e Te mp eratu re, °C Ja n u a ry 12-18, 2004 F re sh Ai r - HE AT RE CO V E RY HE X In le t Ou tl e t S ys te m O FF ( N ight ) Week -E n d

(17)

Winter: Fresh Air

Heat Recovery HEAT PUMP Temp.

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 00 0: 10 :38 21 :16 7:5 4 18 :30 5:0 8 15 :46 2: 24 13 :02 23 :40 10 :18 20 :54 7:3 4 18 :12 4:5 0 15 :26 Ti m e Te mp eratu re, °C Ja nu ar y 12-18, 2004 Fr es h A ir - H EA T P U M P In le t O utl et (F re sh Ai r S up pl y) S ys te m O FF ( N ig ht ) Week -E nd

(18)

Example: Very Hot Summer Week

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0:00

7:56 15 :52 23 :50 7:4 8 15 :44 23 :40 7:36 15 :32 23 :28 7:24 15 :20 23 :16 7:1 2 15 :08 23 :04 Ti m e Te mp erat ure, ° C A ugus t 1 1-15 , 2 00 3 S U M M ER : The m o-Fl ui d Te m pe ra tur es En te ri ng G round Le av in g G round Pu m p O FF

(19)

Very Hot Summer Week

0 1 2 3 4 5 0 _0:0 7:48 15: 36 23 :26 7:16 15: 04 22 :52 6:40 14 :28 22 :16 6:04 13 :52 21: 40 5:2 8 13 :16 21 :04 Ti m e Po we r, kW A ug us t 11-15, 2003 Pu m pin g St at io n Pr of ile A t 5: 30 Da y Ni gh t

(20)

Example

--

Operating Profile

Heat Pump TP_10 (Classroom )

4 3 2 1 0 00 0:

6: 40 13 :20 20: 00 2: 40 9:2 0 15: 58 22 :38 5: 18 11 :58 18 :38 1: 18 7: 58 14 :38 21: 18 3:5 8 :38 10 17 :18 23 :56 Ti m e Pow er, kW Ja nu ar y 12-16, 2004 O pe ra tin g P ro file - H ea t P um p T P _1 0 Ni gh t

(21)

Example: Coefficient of Performance

Heat Pump TP_10 (Classroom )

3

3, 5 4 4, 5 5 0 _0:0 7:4 2 15: 24 23 :06 6:4 8 14 :28 22: 10 5:5 2 13 :34 21: 16 4: 58 12 :40 20 :22 4:0 4 11: 46 19 :26 Ti m e COP Ja nu ar y 12-16, 2004 He at P um p T P _1 0

(22)

Example: Annual Operating Times

(hours)

T

P

_10

2397.

28 hr

s.

T

P

_24

2142.

76 hr

s.

T

P

_23

2931.

49 hr

s.

Ba

ck

-U

p

C

o

il

194.

58 hr

s.

PU

M

P

Loop

_3702.

81 hr

s.

E

xa

m

pl

e:

A

nnua

l O

p

er

at

ing Ti

m

e (

H

our

s)

(23)

Example: Annual Operating Times (%)

T

P

_24

25. 11 %

T

P

_23

34. 35 %

Fr

esh A

ir

B

ack-U

p

C

oil -

2. 28 %

PU

M

P

C

losed-

_Loop

43. 39 %

T

P

_10

28. 09 %

Exam

pl

e:

A

nnual

O

per

at

in

g T

im

e (

%

)

(N O TE : vs . A nn ua l A cq ui si tio n T im e = 8, 534 h rs .)

(24)

Annual Energy Consumption Balance

TOTAL HEAT _PUMPS 31%

Back-Up _Heating + Ex haust _Fans _10% Close d -Loop Circulating PUMP 8% Dom e stic Hot Wate r 5% TOTAL _Lighting 17% Othe rs (no mea su red ) 29% TOTAL Building = 0.21 GJ/sq.m ./y e ar

(25)

Specific Energy Consumption

Average Quebec: O.75 GJ/m

2 /year

Average School Board:

O.57 GJ/m

2 /year

Other Heat Pump Systems: O.45 GJ/m

2 /y School Du Tournant (measured): O.21 GJ/m 2 /year

(26)

CONCLUSIONS

¾

New, Energy-Efficient School

Annual Specific Energy Consumption

-0.21

GJ/sq.m./year

72 % Reduction vs. School’s Quebec Average

63 % Reduction vs. School Board Average

¾

GSHP System

Simple Configuration

GroundSource Heat Exchanger

-W

ell Designed

Efficient Central Control by the System Owner

43.4 % Annual Operating Rate

(Heating & C

ooling)

Heat Pump’s COP (Heating Mode): 3.5 –

4.8

All Electrical School