First Steps with Tekla Structures
Interactive Tutorial
Table of Contents
1. First steps with Tekla Structures 1/3... 3
2. First steps with Tekla Structures 2/3... 8
3. First steps with Tekla Structures 3/3... 12
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1. First steps with Tekla Structures 1/3
Let's create the model shown in the background! During this demonstration you will learn the basic skills that you need to create a new model, modify the parts, create a view, and change the part visibility settings.
Some of the commands used in Tekla Structures cannot be executed through the browser (e.g. right-click or zoom). In these cases click OK to continue. You will find more information on a current topic by placing your mouse over this image when it appears.
1. Click Create a new model to start.
2. Select the Model template drop down menu.
3. Select 1stStepsWithTeklaStructures - Template. This template contains predefined settings that are used in this demonstration (e.g. grid properties).
4. Click OK. 5. Click OK.
6. Click the Arrow to open the 3d view. 7. Click OK.
8. Let's start with the footings, columns, beams, and a panel.
9. Click the Create pad footing icon.
10. Pick the grid line intersections A/3 and D/3. 11. Click the Create strip footing icon.
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12. Pick the grid line intersections A/4 and D/4.
13. In Tekla Structures, you finish picking by clicking the middle mouse button. The middle mouse button is also the mouse scroll. (This command cannot be executed through the browser, click OK to continue.)
14. Click the Create concrete column icon. 15. Pick the grid line intersections A/3 and D/3. 16. Click the Create concrete panel icon. 17. Pick the grid line intersections A/4 and D/4. 18. Finish picking by clicking the middle mouse button. 19. Press the Esc key to end the command.
20. Dragging the mouse from left to right selects parts that are completely inside the selection box. Click OK to see a demonstration.
21. In Tekla Structures, right-clicking the background opens the pop-up menu. 22. Select Copy.
23. Pick the copy distance: from D/3 to D/2. 24. Press the Esc key to end the command. 25. Click the background to unselect the parts.
26. Double-click the part to open the properties dialog box and change the part to a circular steel column. You can also type the profile and material values directly into the text field.
27. Click the "..." button to modify the profile.
28. To select a new profile, open the Circular hollow sections tree. 29. Open the 300-400 subtree.
30. Select CHC323.9X7.1.
31. Click OK to save your changes and exit the Profile Catalogue. 32. Click the OK button.
33. Click the Select... button to modify the material. 34. To select a new material, open the Steel tree. 35. Select S275J0.
36. Click OK to save your changes and to exit the Material Catalogue.
37. Click the text box. To display parts in different color, change the Class: Type in 2 and press Enter.
38. Press the Ctrl key while selecting the column for multiple selection.
39. Click Modify. If you click OK to exit, these values will remain in the Concrete Column Properties dialog box. Click Cancel to exit the Concrete Column Properties dialog box without saving.
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41. By holding down the Ctrl key and the middle mouse button you can rotate the view while panning. Click OK to see a demonstration.
42. You can use the mouse scroll to zoom in and out. Click OK to see a demonstration. 43. Click the Create concrete beam icon.
44. Select the Snap to geometry points / lines icon.
45. Pick the inner middle point of the column top at A/3 and D/3. TIP: In Tekla Structures you can use the Tab key to scroll through available snap positions.
46. You can also create a quick model by snapping parts to the grid intersections and center points (instead of snapping them directly to the correct length), and later on use connections to fit parts together.
47. Click the Create beam icon. 48. Pick the column top at A/2 and D/2. 49. Press the Esc key to end the command.
50. Let's create the curved beams, slabs, and new floors.
51. Click the Create basic 3D view icon to create a new view at another level, where we can continue modeling.
52. Click the text box.
53. Insert 4000 (US Imperial: 13') as the level coordinate and click Create. You can create a 3D view of any level and then switch it to a 2D plane view.
54. Click Cancel to exit the dialog box.
55. In Tekla Structures, pressing Ctrl + P changes the 3D view to plane 2D view. Click OK to see a demonstration.
56. Select Window. 57. Select Tile Vertically.
58. Click the Create curved beam icon.
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60. Click the Create concrete slab icon.
61. Pick the grid line intersections A/2-4, D/4, D/2, and C2. Slab handles are created at every point you pick. Handles can be used to modify the shape of the slab. If you do not know in advance how you will modify the slab, add handles later on by using the command Detailing > Modify Polygon Shape.
62. Finish picking by clicking the middle mouse button. 63. Press the Esc key to end the command.
64. Double-click the View 1 - 3d title bar to expand the view. 65. Let's rotate the view for easier area selection.
66. Dragging the mouse from right to left selects parts that are completely or partially inside the selection box. Click OK to see a demonstration.
67. After right-clicking the background the pop-up menu opens. 68. Select Copy Special.
69. Select Linear... Use Copy Linear when creating new floors. It allows you to insert the amount of floors and the distance between them. You can also type the distance in the dZ field.
70. Insert the copy distance by picking the bottom and top of the column. 71. Click the text box.
72. Enter 2 and click Copy. 73. Click OK.
74. Press the Esc key to end the command. 75. Click the background to unselect the parts.
76. To change part visibility settings, hold down the Ctrl button and press number keys from 1 to 5.
77. Press Ctrl + 1. If you have components in your model, you can change their visibility by pressing Shift + 1, 2...5.
78. Press Ctrl + 2. 79. Press Ctrl + 3. 80. Press Ctrl + 4. 81. Press Ctrl + 5.
82. Press Ctrl + 4 once more.
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Please see the next part: First steps with Tekla Structures 2/3 where you will learn more about modifying the model, creating views and adding them to drawings.
2 First steps with Tekla Structures 2/3 8 (16)
2. First steps with Tekla Structures 2/3
Let's modify the model as shown in the background. During this demonstration you will learn the basic skills that you need to create a drawing with model views, move parts in the model and modify slab chamfers.
Before we create the drawing, let's create the additional views that will be added to the drawing.
1. Click the Create view by two points icon.
2. Pick two points on the grid line B to set the origin of the view plane.
3. The view appears in the drawing as it is shown in the model. In Tekla Structures, pressing Ctrl + P changes the 3D view to plane 2D view. Some of the commands used in Tekla Structures cannot be executed through the browser (e.g. Ctrl + P or right-click). In these cases click OK to continue.
4. Select Window to open the 3D view where we can create one more view. 5. Select View 1 - 3d.
6. While the command is still active, create one more view by picking two points on the grid line 2.
7. In Tekla Structures, pressing Ctrl + P changes the 3D view to plane 2D view. Click OK to see a demonstration.
8. Select Window.
9. Select the Tile Vertically menu item. 10. Select Drawings & Reports.
11. Select Create General Arrangement Drawing...
12. Hold down the Shift key and select the first view to select all the views. You can also create GA drawings from named model views without opening them, or create an empty drawing and add model views later on.
13. Select Open drawing. 14. Click Create.
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15. Let's zoom in. There are several different editing options that you can use to customize your drawings. As an example, let's create a dimension and move few marks.
16. Click Add vertical dimension icon.
17. Pick the points to be dimensioned: the slab on the grid level +4000 and the bottom flange on the beam level +8000.
18. To finish picking, click the middle mouse button. 19. Press the Esc key to end the command.
20. In Tekla Structures, you can drag and drop drawing objects to modify their location. Click OK to see a demonstration.
21. Click the background to unselect drawing objects. 22. Let's zoom out.
23. Click Close.
24. Click Yes to save changes.
25. Close the additional views before continuing. 26. Click Close.
27. Click Close. 28. Select Window. 29. Select Tile Vertically.
30. Let's start by moving the slab handles and then modifying the chamfers to make them curved. To add handles, go to Detailing > Modify polygon shape. Change the shape of the slab using handles.
31. Let's zoom in.
32. Select the part to see the handles.
33. Let's move the handle to C/1. Select the handle.
34. In Tekla Structures, right-clicking the background opens the pop-up menu. 35. Select Move.
36. Pick the grid line intersections C/2 and C/1.
37. Press the Home key to return to original zoom (or Enter to continue). 38. Press Ctrl + 2.
39. Before we continue, let's change the depth of View 2 so that the footing is included in our future selections. Double-click the background.
40. Select the View depth, Down text box.
41. Type in 4000 (US Imperial: 13') and click Modify. 42. Now the footing is included in the view. Click OK.
43. Let's move all the handles from A/3 to B/3. First select the parts with area selection. Click OK to see a demonstration.
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44. The handles on A/3 can be selected with Alt + Area selection. Click OK to see a demonstration. In Tekla Structures, when you press the Alt key while using the normal area selection you can select more then one handle at the same time.
45. Now we can move the handles from A/3 to B/3. In Tekla Structures, right-clicking the background opens the pop-up menu.
46. Select Move.
47. Pick the grid line intersection A/3 and B/3. 48. Let's zoom in and modify the chamfers. 49. Select the slab.
50. Double-click the handle to open the Chamfer properties dialog box. 51. Click the Type drop down menu.
52. Change the chamfer type. 53. Click Modify.
54. Click OK.
55. Press the Home key to return to original zoom (or Enter to continue).
56. Let's zoom in to modify all the chamfers on B/3. 57. Select the slab.
58. Double-click the handle to open the Chamfer properties dialog box. 59. Select the parts with area selection. Click OK to see a demonstration. 60. Now select the slab handles with Alt + Area selection. Click OK to see a
demonstration.
61. Click the Type drop down menu. 62. Change the chamfer type. 63. Click Modify.
64. Click OK.
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66. Select the drawing that was created earlier to see how the changes have affected it. 67. Click Open.
68. Click Close.
69. The changes have been updated.
70. Click Close.
Please see the next part: First steps with Tekla Structures 3/3 where you will learn more about modifying the model, creating part cuts, and editing the grid settings.
3 First steps with Tekla Structures 3/3 12 (16)
3. First steps with Tekla Structures 3/3
Let's modify the model as shown in the background. During this demonstration you will learn the basic skills that you need to delete, copy, rotate, cut parts, and modify the grid settings.
In Tekla Structures, pressing Ctrl + P changes the view from 3D to 2D plan view. Some commands used in Tekla Structures cannot be executed through the browser (e.g. Ctrl+ P, right-click). In these cases click OK to continue.
1. Press Ctrl + 2.
2. Select the parts to be deleted with area selection. Click OK to see a demonstration. 3. Press the Delete key.
4. Select all the parts with area selection. Click OK to see a demonstration. 5. After right-clicking the pop-up menu opens.
6. Select Copy Special. 7. Select Rotate...
8. Pick the grid line intersection D/4 to define origin. 9. Select the Number of copies text box.
10. Type in 3 and press Enter.
11. Set the rotation angle to -90 and click Copy. 12. Click Expand.
13. Click OK.
14. Press the Esc key to end the command.
15. Let's add grid lines to the grid. Double-click the grid to open the properties dialog box. 16. In the Grid dialog box we can add more grid lines and name them.
17. Insert 2*6000 2*3000 (US Imperial: 2*20' 2*10') and press Enter. 18. Insert 4*6000 3000 (US Imperial: 4*20' 10') and press Enter.
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19. Select the Labels X text box. 20. Insert F G and press Enter. 21. Insert 7 and click Modify. 22. Click Yes.
23. Click Close to exit the Grid dialog box. 24. Click the background to unselect the grid. 25. After right-clicking the pop-up menu opens. 26. Select Fit Work Area to Entire Model.
27. Click the Create polygon cut icon to insert a cut through the slabs. 28. Let's zoom in.
29. Click the Snap to intersection points icon to snap the cut to the correct location. 30. Pick the parts to be cut with area selection. Click OK to see demonstration. 31. To pick the area to be cut, click the inner intersection of the walls. 32. We need to snap the cursor 2500 mm (US Imperial: 100") to the left.
33. Position the cursor (without picking) to the left of the first pick. Click OK to see a demonstration. We will first show the direction where the next snap is. Then we will insert the distance.
34. Start typing 2500 (100").
35. Continue typing 2500 (100") and click OK.
36. The cursor has now snapped 2500 mm (100") left from the first pick. 37. Next, pick the point perpendicular to the beam on the grid line 3. 38. Pick the point perpendicular to the wall near the grid line D. 39. Finish picking by clicking the middle mouse button. 40. Press the Esc key to end the command.
41. Let's zoom out and rotate. 42. Press Ctrl + 4.
43. Press the Home key (or Enter to continue). 44. Let's rotate for easier area selection.
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45. Select the top floors with area selection. Click OK to see a demonstration. 46. After right-clicking the pop-up menu opens.
47. Select Copy Special. 48. Select Linear... 49. Click the text box.
50. Insert 17 and click Copy. Tekla Structures remembers our previous entry. If needed, you can empty the fields by clicking Clear.
51. Click Expand. 52. Click OK.
53. Press the Esc key to end the command. 54. Click the background to unselect the objects. 55. Let's rotate the view.
56. After right-clicking the pop-up menu opens.
57. Select Redraw View while holding down the Ctrl + Shift keys to hide the work area box.
58. Click the Create Clip Plane icon. 59. Select the top floor.
60. Select the wall.
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62. Move the clip plane by dragging the scissors icon. 63. Move the clip plane by dragging the scissors icon. 64. Select the symbol.
65. Press Delete. 66. Select the symbol. 67. Press Delete.
68. Let's end our First Steps with inserting an architect's model of the building. 69. Select File.
70. Select Insert Reference Model...
71. Let's add two reference model versions and compare them. 72. Click Browse...
73. Select 1stSteps_ReferenceModel_revA.ifc. 74. Click OK.
75. Insert the older version: Click Browse... 76. Select 1stSteps_ReferenceModel.ifc. 77. Click OK.
78. Click Apply.
79. Select the grid line intersection A/1. 80. Click OK.
81. Press the Esc key to end the command. 82. Let's zoom out.
83. Press Shift + 4.
84. Let's compare the reference model versions. Double-click the reference model. 85. Select the drop down menu.
86. Select Old file. 87. Click Display...
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88. Select the drop down menu. 89. Select Changed.
90. Click Display...
91. Select the drop down menu. 92. Select Inserted.
93. Click Display...
94. Select the drop down menu. 95. Select New file.
96. Click Display... 97. Click OK.
98. You can also use Clip planes to investigate the reference model.
This is the end of First steps with Tekla Structures. For more in-depth information please continue with the more specific demonstrations.
Tekla Structures 12
Release Notes
Product version 12
June 2006
Copyright© 1992-2006 Tekla Corporation and its licensors. All rights reserved. This Software Manual has been developed for use with the referenced Software. Use of the Software, and use of this Software Manual are governed by a License Agree-ment. Among other provisions, the License Agreement sets certain warranties for the Software and this Manual, disclaims other warranties, limits recoverable damages, defines permitted uses of the Software, and determines whether you are an authorized user of the Software. Please refer to the License Agreement for important obligations and applicable limitations and restrictions on your rights.
In addition, this Software Manual is protected by copyright law and by international treaties. Unauthorized reproduction, display, modification, or distribution of this Man-ual, or any portion of it, may result in severe civil and criminal penalties, and will be prosecuted to the full extent permitted by law.
Tekla, Tekla Structures, Xcity, Xengineer, Xpipe, Xpower, Xsteel, and Xstreet are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Tekla Corporation in the European Union, the United States, and/or other countries. Other product and company names mentioned in this Manual are or may be trademarks of their respective owners. By referring to a third-party product or brand, Tekla does not intend to suggest an affilia-tion with or endorsement by such third party and disclaims any such affiliaaffilia-tion or endorsement, except where otherwise expressly stated.
Portions of this software:
2D DCM © 1989-2004 D-Cubed Limited. All rights reserved.
EPM toolkit © 1995-2004 EPM Technology a.s., Oslo, Norway. All rights reserved. XML parser © 1999 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
DWGdirect, DGNdirect and OpenDWG Toolkit/Viewkit libraries © 1998-2005 Open Design Alliance. All rights reserved.
Analysis Engine included in Tekla Structures uses a program copyrighted by and is the property of Research Engineers International ©. All rights reserved.
Elements of the software described in this Manual may be the subject of pending patent applications in the European Union and/or other countries.
Contents
1
Tekla Structures 12.0 Steel Detailing
... 5
1.1
General ... 6
Improvements in installing Tekla Structures... 6
Working with single-user and multi-user models... 7
Improvements in creating, opening, and saving models ... 7
Improvements in working with objects.inp file... 10
Gradient background color in model views ... 10
Icons in menus ... 12
Templates and reports... 12
Miscellaneous... 14
1.2
Modeling... 18
Nested assemblies... 18
Grid line labels always visible... 23
Create, select, and modify single grid lines... 24
Add surface treatment to the entire surface of a part ... 27
Selecting a profile ... 28
Warping steel parts ... 29
Points not created automatically at ends of parts ... 30
Object representation ... 33
Miscellaneous... 34
1.3
Drawings ... 35
Saving and freezing associative drawings ... 35
Nested assemblies in drawings ... 36
Anchor bolt plan... 38
Display large dimension values more clearly... 39
Define elevation level... 42
Create plate side marks on dimension leader lines ... 42
Improvements in section symbols ... 43
Group identical objects on the same dimension line... 46
Highlight changes in associative dimensions... 49
Miscellaneous ... 49
1.4
Import and export... 53
Miscellaneous ... 53
1.5
Custom components ... 54
Define and create connections for custom parts ... 54
Miscellaneous ... 55
1.6
Components... 56
Miscellaneous ... 56
Connections... 57
Details... 59
Cold rolled ... 62
2
Tekla Structures 12.0 Precast Concrete Detailing
... 63
2.1
General ... 64
Improvements in installing Tekla Structures... 64
Working with single-user and multi-user models... 65
Improvements in creating, opening, and saving models ... 66
Improvements in working with objects.inp file... 68
Gradient background color in model views ... 69
Icons in menus ... 71
Templates and reports... 71
Miscellaneous... 73
2.2
Modeling... 77
Nested assemblies... 77
Grid line labels always visible... 83
Create, select, and modify single grid lines... 84
Add surface treatment to the entire surface of a part ... 88
Selecting a profile ... 89
Points not created automatically at ends of parts ... 90
Object representation ... 93
Miscellaneous... 94
2.3
Drawings ... 96
Saving and freezing associative drawings ... 96
Nested assemblies in drawings ... 97
Anchor bolt plan... 98
Display large dimension values more clearly... 99
Improvements in level marks... 101
Define elevation level ... 102
Create plate side marks on dimension leader lines... 102
Improvements in section symbols ... 103
Group identical objects on the same dimension line ... 106
Highlight changes in associative dimensions ... 108
Miscellaneous... 109
2.4
Import and export ... 113
Miscellaneous... 113
Define and create connections for custom parts ... 114
Miscellaneous ... 114
2.6
Components... 116
New components... 116
Miscellaneous ... 117
Details... 118
2.7
Reinforcement ... 120
Miscellaneous ... 120
3
Tekla Structures 12.0 Analysis and Design
... 121
Analysis model interfaces... 121
Miscellaneous ... 122
4
Tekla Structures 12.0 Project Management
... 125
1
Tekla Structures 12.0
Steel Detailing
Tekla Structures version 12.0 is a main release and contains many new features and fixes.
Compatibility Tekla Structures 12.0 is compatible with all previous versions. You can open and work with existing models using Tekla Structures 12.0. Note the following issues:
• Updating drawings created with an older version of Tekla Structures in Tekla Structures 12.0 may cause problems. We recommend that you complete any drawings you have started using your current ver-sion or recreate the drawings using Tekla Structures 12.0.
• To avoid conversion problems, always open a model created with an older version of Tekla Structures as a single-user model first. • We recommend that you always check that custom components
cre-ated in older versions work correctly in the new version of Tekla Structures.
When you open custom components made with an older version of Tekla Structures in the Custom component editor, Tekla Structures asks whether you want to update the component if the new version contains such improve-ments which require the update. If you do not update the component, it works in the same manner as in the version where it was originally made, but you do not gain the benefits of the new improvements.
If you choose to update the component, you need to check and sometimes even recreate dimensions depending on the improvements. When you delete a dimension and create a new one (even with the same name), also the equa-tions containing the dimension need to be edited because the dependency created by the equation is lost when a dimension is deleted. You can recreate the dimensions and edit the equations easily in the Custom component edi-tor.
We suggest that you complete any models you have started using your current version.
Installing Tekla Structures setup creates a new subfolder for Tekla Structures 12.0. You need Windows Administrator rights to install Tekla Structures 12.0. This ensures that all Windows system folder *.dll files are updated.
Topics This chapter is divided into following sections: • General (p. 6)
• Modeling (p. 18)
• Drawings (p. 35)
• Import and export (p. 53)
• Custom components (p. 54)
• Components (p. 56)
1.1 General
Improvements in installing Tekla Structures
• Your password file is installed automatically.
• When you install Tekla Structures from CD, the online help is auto-matically installed.
• You can now install additional environments without having to rein-stall Tekla Structures. Download the environment inrein-stallation files from the Extranet at https://extranet.tekla.com.
• Tekla Structures 12.0 installation includes new SafeNet Sentinel driver 7.22, which allows both USB and LPT hardware locks to work.
Sometimes you may need to install the harware lock driver manually. In Tekla Structures 12.0, the manual installation is no longer located in the ...\nt\dongle folder. You can now start the up-to-date hardware lock driver installation manually from the C:\TeklaStructures\License\Sentinel_setup folder. Double-click the file
C:\TeklaStruc-tures\License\Sentinel_setup\setup.exe to start the manual installation.
Once you save a model in Tekla Structures 12.0, you can no longer open it in older versions of Tekla Structures.
Working with single-user and multi-user models
You no longer have to choose single or multi-user mode when starting Tekla Structures.
When you create a model, use the the Model Type option in New dialog box to cre-ate the model as a multi-user model or as a single-user model.
It is now possible to open a any model in either single or multi-user mode. Select the mode by selecting an option on the right-click popup menu in the Open dialog box:
See also Improvements in creating, opening, and saving models (p. 7)
Improvements in creating, opening, and saving models
It is now easier to create and open a model, and to save a model with a different name.
You no longer need to use the variable XS_SERVER identify the server that contains the multi-user database.
Creating a new model
Enter the location for the model in the Save in field, or accept the default loca-tion, which is the location entered when Tekla Structures was installed. (The default location in the installation is C:\TeklaStructuresModels).
Click the Browse button to open the Browse For Folder dialog box, where you can browse for a folder or create a new folder.
Use the Model Type field to define whether the model is a single-user or a multi-user model. For a multi-multi-user model, enter the name of the server in the Server name field.
Opening a model To open a model, click File > Open. To browse for a model, click the Browse but-ton to open the Browse For Folder dialog box. The information in the Designer and Description columns comes from the Project properties dialog box.
To open a single-user model as a multi-user model:
1. Select the model in the Open dialog box and right-click. 2. Select the Open as multi-user model option.
3. Enter the name of the server in the Server name field. Click OK.
To open a multi-user model as a single-user model:
1. Select the model in the Open dialog box and right-click.
2. Select the Open as single-user model option.
When you open or create a model, the Open and New dialog boxes now include a list of the most recently used models.
Saving a model with a different name
To save a model with a different name, click File > Save as and enter a name in the Model name field. Click OK.
Improvements in working with objects.inp file
The Tekla Structures installation automatically merges any user-defined
attributes you have previously defined into the objects.inp file. It searches for the objects.inp file in the following folders, in this order:
The user-defined attributes it finds are added to the user interface. If the same attribute name exists in more than one objects.inp files, Tekla Structures uses the attribute from the first read file, according to the search order defined above. For more information on how to use the objects.inp file, see Adding properties.
Gradient background color in model views
Use the new option to create a gradient color background in a model view to ensure parts drawn in a single color are visible in the view.
Folder Defined by variable Model
Project XS_PROJECT
Firm XS_FIRM
System XS_SYSTEM
To set the colors for a gradient background, set the following variables in Tools > Advanced options > Model view:
• XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR1: left-top corner. • XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR2: right-top corner. • XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR3: left-bottom corner. • XS_BACKGROUND_COLOR4: right-bottom corner.
Enter the colors as RGB (Red Green Blue) values. The scale is from 0 to 1. For example, 1.0 1.0 1.0 is white and 0.0 0.0 0.0 is black. To use the traditional sin-gle-color background, use the same value for all four variables. Close and reopen the view to activate the changes.
To restore default values, clear the values in all four variables.
Icons in menus
Menus now include the command icons, which makes it easier to locate icons on toolbars:
Templates and reports
Listing the main part first
The variables XS_PRIMARY_PART_FIRST and
XS_PRIMARY_PART_FIRST_PART have been removed from the Advanced options dialog box. The variables are no longer needed in Template Editor 3.20 or 3.30 as you can define the template so that main part is listed first in part lists. To do this:
1. In Template Editor 3.20 or 3.30, add the value field MAIN_PART to PART row.
2. Drag the MAIN_PART field to the top of the search order in the Content browser.
3. Select descending sort order by:
• Double-clicking the SIMILAR_TO_MAIN_PART field to open the Value Field Properties dialog box, and
• selecting Descending in the in the Order field. 4. If desired, select the Hide in output field.
If the assembly contains more parts which are similar to the assembly main part, use the template attribute SIMILAR_TO_MAIN_PART:
1. In the Template Editor, add value field SIMILAR_TO_MAIN_PART to PART row.
2. Drag the SIMILAR_TO_MAIN_PART field to the top of the sort order in the Contentbrowser.
3. Select descending sort order by:
• Double-clicking the SIMILAR_TO_MAIN_PART field to open the Value Field Properties dialog box, and
• selecting Descending in the in the Order field. 4. If desired, select the Hide in output field.
5. The attribute returns 1 if the position number of the given part is the same as the position number of the main part in the assembly.
Miscellaneous fixes
• You can now use the attribute MODEL_PATH in all content types to find the path to the current model, for example C:\TeklaStructures-Models\New Model 1\.
• You can now also use the attributes TITLE1, TITLE2 and TITLE3 in template rows.
Miscellaneous
New Features Tutorial
Tekla Structures 12.0 includes a New Features Tutorial, which presents features released in Tekla Structures 11.1, 11.2, 11.3 and 12.0. Each feature contains a description with pictures. Some features also include interactive video lessons that show you how to use the new feature.
To access the New Features Tutorial, click Help > Learning Center > New Features Tutorial.
Performance improvements
The following now work faster and use less memory: • Array of objects (29) component
• Associative drawings containing objects created with Array of objects (29).
Rollover highlight
The rollover highlight makes it easier to select objects, by highlighting each part in yellow as the pointer moves over it. To switch this feature on, click Setup > Rollover highlight.
To switch off the rollover highlight, click Setup and deselect Rollover high-light..You can also use the keyboard shortcut H to turn the rollover highlight on or off.
Log file
• When you use the Tools > Show log file command to display the log file, Tekla Structures now scrolls to the end of the file automatically.
Managing views
Selecting views Selecting visible and named views is now easier in Tekla Structures 12.0. The arrow buttons you use to open and close views in the Views dialog box are now only active when you have selected a view.
Creating views When you create a view using Views > Create view > Grid views, the grid is now selected automatically if there is only one grid in the view. If there are several grids, Tekla Structures prompts you to select a view:
Bringing a view on top
Now when you select a view in the Visible views list in the Views dialog box, the selected view moves to the top. If you have selected multiple views, all selected views will be moved up, with the first one on the list on top. Also, when you select a view in the model, it is automatically selected in the Visible views list.
Navigating in the model
Navigating in the model is smoother when you are for example rotating a large model, because Tekla Structures now draws the model first in wire frame as you are moving the model.
Re-displaying warning messages
Tekla Structures displays warning messages when necessary, for example when you are about to copy or move objects outside the work area. To prevent Tekla Structures from displaying the warning messages again, select the Do not show this message again checkbox.
To re-display the warning messages, press Shift when the warning message should appear, for example when you are copying or moving objects outside the work area, and Tekla Structures displays the warning message again.
1.2 Modeling
Nested assemblies
Description You can now add sub-assemblies and parts to already existing assemblies. A sub-assembly is an assembly that is added to another assembly to form a hierar-chical assembly. We use the term nested assemblies to describe this type of assembly.
Using nested assemblies is useful when you are modeling split trusses, brackets, railings or pipe racks, for example.
A sub-assembly is treated in the same way as an assembly in Tekla Structures: • It gets its own assembly mark
• It appears in lists of materials in templates and reports.
You can create a separate assembly drawing of a sub-assembly. For more infor-mation, see Nested assemblies in drawings (p. 36).
Example of a nested assembly:
Selecting assemblies
Activate the Select assemblies switch on the Select toolbar so that you can select any level of a nested assembly, from the highest, through the sub-assemblies, down to single parts and bolts. The level of the assembly you have selected is displayed on the status bar.
With this switch active, each assembly is highlighted as you move the pointer over it. To move to a specific level in the assembly, with it highlighted, press Shift and scroll the mouse wheel.
To be able to select objects in assemblies, activate the Select objects in assem-blies switch on the Select toolbar.
For more information on how to select assemblies, see How to select objects in the Modeling manual.
Assembly properties
To view the properties of an assembly, select it, right click and select Properties... from the pop-up menu.
You can also define user-defined attribute values for assemblies in the same dia-log box.
Modifying assemblies
The right-click pop-up menu also includes several new options, which you can use to modify assemblies:
These options are also on the main menu, under Detailing > Assembly. You can modify assemblies by:
• Adding objects to assemblies • Removing objects from assemblies • Exploding assemblies
• Changing the assembly part
You can combine assemblies in the following ways:
• Add and connect parts as secondary parts to an existing assembly • Add and connect assemblies as sub-assemblies to an existing assembly • Join existing assemblies together without adding any loose parts For more information on the different commands to use when working with assemblies and cast-units, see Cast units and assemblies.
Numbering of nested assemblies
Sub-assemblies are numbered in same way as assemblies.
Define the prefix, start number and name for the assembly in the assembly prop-erties dialog box.
Filter
User-defined attributes
For information about defining user-defined attributes for assemblies, see User-defined attributes.
Grid line labels always visible
Grid labels are now always visible when the grid lines are visible. This allows you to zoom in and still know where you are in the model.
To modify the font used in grid labels, use the variables XS_DEFAULT_FONT and XS_DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE in Tools > Advanced options > Model view.
You can now use special characters, such as umlauts, accents, and circumflexes, as well as combined characters, such as e acute, in grid labels.
In Tekla Structures 12.0 it is not yet possible to view or select filter by assembly user-defined attributes or by nested assem-blies.
Create, select, and modify single grid lines
In addition to creating entire grids, you can now create single grid lines, and select, modify, copy, and move individual gridlines. Gridlines now also have handles.
Creating single grid lines
To create a single grid line:
1. Go to Points > Grid line or click the Create grid line icon. 2. Select the grid.
3. Pick the first position for the grid line. 4. Pick the second position for the grid line.
Grid and grid line
properties Define the properties of the grid line in the
Grid line properties dialog box. For more information, see Grid properties in the Modeling manual.
If there are skewed grid lines in the model, setting the grid properties back to the original settings is not possible. To revert to the original settings, delete the skewed grid line first and then modify the settings.
Selecting grids and grid lines
Use the Select grid and Select grid line select switches to select grids and grid lines.
Working with grid lines
For more information on creating, modifying and deleting single grid lines, see
Working with grids in the Modeling manual.
Magnetic grid planes
The Magnetic grid plane and Extension for magnetic area options have been added to the Grid dialog box.
Checking the location of grid planes
You may sometimes need to check the location of grid planes for example to see if parts are close enough to a magnetic grid plane that you have moved. To do this:
1. Go to Tools > Advanced options > Model view and set the variable XS_GRID_PLANES_VISIBLE_WITH_USERPLANES to TRUE. 2. Go to Properties > View...
3. Click Display...
4. In the Display dialog box,select the Construction planes checkbox in Visibil-ity.
Improvements in grids
• Edit > Undo works on grids and grid lines.
• You can use copy and move commands on grids. For example, copy an entire grid by selecting the grid and using the Edit > Copy > Trans-late... command.
• Save the model before editing magnetic grids and grid planes.
• Rotating a magnetic grid may not yet function correctly in Tekla Structures 12.0.
• Avoid overlapping of magnetic grid planes. When needed, modify the grid planes in several steps to prevent the over-lapping.
Add surface treatment to the entire surface of a part
You can now add a surface treatment to the entire surface of a part by using the Create part surface treatment command. For more information, see Create part surface treatment in the online help.
Selecting surface treatment
To select the entire surface treatment of a part:
1. Click the Select component icon in the Select switches toolbar. 2. Pick the surface treatment to select it.
To select surface treatment on a face of a part:
1. Click the Select objects in components icon in the Select switches toolbar.
2. Pick the surface treatment. Remove surface
treatment
To remove surface treatment from faces of a part:
1. Click the Select objects in components icon in the Select switches toolbar.
2. Pick the surface treatment on the face of a part. 3. Right-click and select Delete from the pop-up menu.
Selecting a profile
The Select profile dialog box has been improved to make it easier to select a pro-file for a part or a component object.
• Library and parametric profiles are not in separate lists any more, but they are displayed in the same tree structure.
• Only the relevant profiles for a steel object are displayed on the Select profile dialog box.
For more information on selecting a profile and defining the material of profiles, see Profile in the Modeling manual.
Warping steel parts
You can now use the warping functionality also in Steel Detailing configuration. To warp a steel beam:
1. Double-click the beam to open the Beam properties dialog box and go to the Deforming tab.
2. In the Start field, enter the angle of the beam at its start point, relative to the part reference line.
3. In the End field, enter the angle of the beam at its end point, relative to the part reference line.
For example, to warp the beam 40 degrees at the start point, enter 40 in the Start angle field and 0 in the End angle field.
4. Click Modify to warp the beam.
5. Click OK to close the Beam properties dialog box.
Rotating by entering numeric values in the fields that define rotation in system components still works in the same manner as before.
Points not created automatically at ends of parts
Tekla Structures no longer automatically creates points at the ends of parts. This uses less memory and reduces processing time. It also means that you do not have to redraw the view as often. If you need a point at the end of a part, you can still create it manually. For more information, see Creating points in the Online help.
You can use part handles and snapping to create and move parts. See the follow-ing examples.
Select handles To select the handles of a part: 1. Select the part.
2. Hold down the Alt key and drag the pointer from left to right to select the part. Tekla Structures displays the handles of the part. The handle at the end that was the first point picked to create the part is yellow and the handle at the other end is magenta.
Move objects By selecting handles you are able to, for example, move objects more easily. 1. Select both of the objects by pressing the Ctrl key and picking the objects.
2. Hold down the Alt key and drag the pointer from left to right to select both parts again.
3. Select the handle in the middle of the two objects and right-click. 4. Select Move > Translate from the pop-up menu and enter coordinates to
move the two objects.
Snap to reference points
To make it possible to pick part handles, activate the Snap to reference points switch on the Snap toolbar. As you move the pointer over a part handle, the snap symbols appears. Left click to select the part handle.
Part reference lines
When you pick two points to position a part, these points form the part reference line, and handles appear at the line ends. You can snap to and pick these handles.
You can define the visibility of the part reference line in the Display dialog box. To show the part reference line:
1. Go to Properties > View...
2. Click the Display... button to open the Display dialog box. 3. In the Advanced tab, check the box in Part reference line field.
4. Click Modify and OK. See also Handles in the online help.
How to select objects in the online help.
Snapping in the online help.
Object representation
To create customized presentation of objects in Tekla Structures 12.0, use object representation settings.
You can use the object representation settings in the following ways: • Modify the color of objects in the model view. The Object
representa-tion dialog box replaces the Colors dialog box, which was available in previous versions.
• Modify the visibility of objects in the model view. • Create customized presentation of defined object groups.
To open the Object representation dialog box, click Setup > Object representa-tion...:
For more information on how to use the object representation settings, see
Object representation settings and Object representation example in the online help.
Object groups are set of rules with which you group objects by selected proper-ties and conditions. Use the object groups:
• In Object representation dialog box to control the visibility and color-ing of objects in all views.
• In 4D tool, in the Project Manager configuration.
For more information on object groups, see Object groups and Object group rules in the online help.
Miscellaneous
Numbering
• When you use the Clear numbers command, Tekla Structures now displays a message after numbers have been cleared.
Views
• If you try to open more than nine views, Tekla Structures now displays a warning message.
• Curved parts with profiles that had small values for size were dis-played as straight lines in rendered views. This has been fixed.
Surface treatment
• The Select button next to the Material option in Surface treatment properties dialog box is now grayed out when it is not possible to select a material.
Lotting
• When you used the Lotting dialog box to create lots, Tekla Structures displayed weight in kilograms, regardless of the unit set in Tools > Units and decimals dialog box. This has been fixed.
Sketching
• Opening and closing the sketch editor sometimes took a long time in large models. This has been fixed.
Numeric snapping
You can now start entering the coordinates in the Enter a numeric location dialog box by pressing the decimal key on the numeric pad first.
1.3 Drawings
Saving and freezing associative drawings
When you change a drawing and then save it, Tekla Structures asks you whether you want to keep the changes. To prevent the drawing from being updated auto-matically, select the Disable automatic updating checkbox:
You can still open a general arrangement drawing, unfreeze it, and then re-open it to automatically update the drawing with recent changes.
When you have frozen a drawing in Tekla Structures 12.0, the changes that you make to associative objects afterwards in the model are will no longer appear in the drawing.
To re-enable automatic updating in a frozen drawing: 1. Go to Drawing > List... to open the drawing list. 2. Select the drawing.
3. Right-click and select Freeze > Off from the popup menu.
Previously when you updated an assembly, single-part or cast unit drawing with-out freezing the drawing, the drawing was re-created. Now the drawing is no longer re-created. This means that you must know whether the changes should be shown when you are updating the drawing.
To recreate the drawing:
1. Go to Drawing > List... to open the drawing list. 2. Select the drawing you want to recreate.
3. Right-click and select Recreate from the popup menu.
See also Highlight changes in associative dimensions (p. 49) in the Release notes.
Nested assemblies in drawings
You can create assembly drawings of sub-assemblies. Creating sub-assemblies in the model allows you to produce less complicated drawings, which are easier to read and to understand. This reduces the risk of errors in the shop.
Marks You can define the visibility, content, and appearance of marks for sub-assem-blies in assembly drawings. You can also use part marks to display the assembly hierarchy in general arrangement drawings. For more information, see Mark content in the Drawing manual.
Bolts and welds You can define the visiblity of bolts and welds separately for sub-assemblies in the Bolt properties and Weld properties dialog box.
Dimensioning You can also define the dimensioning properties for sub-assemblies in assembly drawings. For more information, see Dimensioning nested assemblies in the Drawing manual.
Sub-assemblies in templates and reports
With Tekla Structures you can produce templates and reports that show the hier-archical structure of nested assemblies. For more information, see Producing reports on nested assemblies.
This assembly drawing of a truss is complicated and hard to read.
This assembly drawing of part of the same truss was created using a sub-assembly. It is much easier to read.
Anchor bolt plan
An anchor bolt plan is a type of general arrangement drawing that displays the the layout of anchor bolts for a structure.
You can automatically create anchor bolt plans in Tekla Structures 12.0. For more information, see Creating anchor bolt plans in the Drawing manual. You can create both enlarged views and detail views in anchor bolt plans. Tekla Structures groups together identical detail views, so that they only appear once in a drawing. If detail views are not included in a drawing, Tekla Structures displays bolt sizes in the enlarged view.
Display large dimension values more clearly
You can now use different number formats for dimensions to make large dimen-sions easier to read in shop and erection drawings. For example you could format 15432 to appear as 15,432 or 15 432.
To do this, select the Use grouping checkbox in the Dimension properties dialog box and select a format.
Use the variables XS_DIMENSION_DIGIT_GROUPING_CHARACTER to define the separator and XS_DIMENSION_DIGIT_GROUPING_COUNT to define the number format (in Tools > Advanced options > Dimensioning: general).
Improvements in level marks
The General tab in the Level mark properties dialog box now includes fields that enable you to define the appearance of level marks:
For information, see Create > Level mark in the online help.
Define elevation level
You now have the option to define the elevation level in general arrangement drawings and in drawing views also according to the view plane.
The datum point for general arrangement drawings is set automatically when cre-ating floor plan views. This saves your time and avoids errors during drawing creation.
To define the datum level: 1. Go to Properties > Drawing...
2. Click View... to display the view properties dialog box. 3. In the Attributes tab, do one of the following:
• To set a specified datum level, select Specified in the Datum point for elevations field. Then enter a specific value in the Datum level field.
• To set the datum level according to the view plane, select View plane in the Datum point for elevations field.
Create plate side marks on dimension leader lines
You can now create plate side marks on dimension leader lines. Plate side marks indicate whether the dimension point is to the face or center of, for example, a plate, web or flange. This is particularly useful:
• In complex drawings
• In large-scale drawings, where it can be difficult to see which part a leader line is pointing to.
To create plate side marks:
1. Click Properties > Dimension... to open the Dimension properties dialog box. 2. In the Plate side marks section of the Marks tab, set Type to Specified. 3. Define the properties of the plate side marks if required.
For more information, see Marks in the Drawing manual.
Improvements in section symbols
New options in the Section symbol properties dialog box allow you to define arrow head size, arrow length, and the distance between the symbol and the sec-tion:
Define the appearance of the arrow head symbol
You can now also define the appearance of the arrow head symbol in the Tools > Advanced options > Drawing properties dialog box using the following variables: • XS_SECTION_SYMBOL_LEFT_ARROW_SYMBOL
Modify the value for a different appearance, for example sections@0. • XS_SECTION_SYMBOL_RIGHT_ARROW_SYMBOL
Modify the value for a different appearance, for example sections@1. If you do not set these variables, Tekla Structures uses the traditional style arrow head symbol in the drawings.
In the example above, the variables
XS_SECTION_SYMBOL_LEFT_ARROW_SYMBOL and
XS_SECTION_SYMBOL_RIGHT_ARROW_SYMBOL have been set to sections@2. This section view symbol includes the location of the section view.
If the arrow length is equal to zero, Tekla Structures places the text in the middle of the arrow symbol. Otherwise Tekla Structures places the text along the cut line.
Aligning section symbols
The variable XS_ALIGN_CUT_SYMBOL_BY_VERTICAL_LINE in the Tools > Advanced options > Drawing properties dialog box only works on when you open drawings created with Tekla Structures 11.3 or older in Tekla Structures 12.0. Set the variable to TRUE, to position the cut symbol on the vertical line. Leave the variable blank to offset the symbol from the vertical line by the size of the arrow multiplied by 1.25.
You no longer have to restart Tekla Structures to activate changes to this variable.
The variable XS_ALIGN_CUT_SYMBOL_BY_VERTICAL_LINE is effective now only when you are converting a drawing created with Tekla Structures 11.3 or older into Tekla Structures 12.0 (or greater).
Here the variable is set to TRUE. Use this option to indi-cate the exact location of the section view.
Here the variable has been left blank. This is useful when the direction is more important than the location.
Group identical objects on the same dimension line
You can now group identical parts, bolts, components, and cuts or shapes on the same dimension line. You can choose to automatically create dimension line tags, or to define the contents of tags manually.
To group identical objects on one dimension line:
1. In the drawing, right-click and select Properties... from the pop-up menu to open the drawing properties dialog box.
2. Click Dimensioning... to open the dimensioning properties dialog box. Go to the Dimension grouping tab. You have the following options:
• Activate dimension grouping: Select which objects you want to group.
• Grouping properties: Indicate the elements that must be identical. • Automatic tagging: Indicate the information to include in
The dimension line tag indicates the quantity of objects included in the dimen-sion line. To define the symbol that is displayed between the quantity and the automatic tag text, use the variable
XS_DIMENSION_GROUPING_COUNT_SEPARATOR in Tools > Advanced options > Dimensioning: general. The default value is x.
To define what information to include in a dimension line tag: 1. Double-click the dimension line whose tag you want to modify. 2. In the Dimension properties dialog box, go to the Marks tab. 3. In Tags, replace the << Automatic >> value with the required text. 4. Click Modify.
Highlight changes in associative dimensions
To have Tekla Structures highlight the dimension text that has been changed and dimension points that have been moved when you update associative drawings, set the variable XS_HIGHLIGHT_ASSOCIATIVE_DIMENSION_CHANGES to TRUE in Tools > Advanced options > Dimensioning: general.
For more information, see Highlight changes in associative dimensions in the Drawing manual.
Miscellaneous
New part mark leader line type
There is a new part mark leader line type, which allows you to align a part mark in the center of the face of a part.
Dimensions
• Occasionally adding or removing dimension points removed the whole dimension. This has been fixed.
• The RD symbol was sometimes omitted from running dimensions. This has been fixed.
• When you create a dimension with three or more points using the Create > Dimension > Free command and end the command on the same point as the previous dimension, the dimensions are now on the same line.
Drawing views
• Drawing views no longer overlap templates in assembly drawings. • To rollback the Copy > Translate and Move > Translate command to work as it did in Tekla Structures 11.1 and earlier, set the variable XS_DRAWING_NO_SCALING_FOR_COPIED_OR_MOVED_OBJECTS to TRUE.
With this variable set, when you copy or move drawing objects from one drawing view to another, they change size according to the scale of the view. Associativity
• Now associative symbols are also created correctly for level marks. • When you changed the profile of a part, the hatch pattern did not
always adjust to fit the shape of the new profile. This has been fixed. • The y coordinate for assembly overall dimension was sometimes
cal-culated incorrectly which caused associativity not to work. This has been fixed.
• Associativity works now correctly also when the start and end point of a reference line are in the same location.
Intelligent cloning
• Sometimes part marks in single-part drawings were incorrect when you cloned single-part drawings and the variable
XS_INTELLIGENT_CLONING_ALLOWED was set to TRUE in Tools > Advanced options > Drawing properties. This has been fixed.
Plotting and printing
• You can now define plot origin offset separately for each plotter in the Plotter catalog dialog box.
The new options replace the variables XS_PLOT_ORIGIN_MOVE_X and XS_PLOT_ORIGIN_MOVE_Y. However, setting the variables in Tools > Advanced options > Plotting will override the settings in the Plotter catalog dialog box.
• Using the variables XS_PLOT_ORIGIN_MOVE_X and
XS_PLOT_ORIGIN_MOVE_Y also affected the scale of the plot. This has been fixed.
Part marks
Merged part marks are now placed correctly when you change the part mark leader line type.
1.4 Import and export
Miscellaneous
Location of the origin in DXF and DWG drawings
In Tekla Structures 12.0, when a view on a Tekla Structures drawing is moved the origin for the Xref is calculated differently than before. This makes sharing Tekla Structures drawings much easier: you no longer need to adjust the origin when you export to DWG or DXF. In previous versions you sometimes had to adjust the origin when the view had been moved during the modeling process.
Exporting round tubes to NC files
• Bolt holes in unwrapped round tubes are now ignored when you export to an NC file.
• When the variable XS_DISABLE_NC_FACET_FIX was not set, the xy coordinates of skew edges were calculated wrong in some cases, for example when the end of the tube was cut with a perpendicular round tube.
IFC
• Tekla Structures 12.0 supports the IFC 2X3 schema in IFC exports. • Arc-shaped walls are now displayed correctly in IFC reference
imports.
Web Viewer
• If you try to publish a model as a web page with Web Viewer using the Selected parts option in Publish as Web page dialog box without selecting any parts, Tekla Structures displays a warning message does not publish the model.
DSTV
• The DSTV file header was not correct when you used the variable XS_USE_NEW_PLATE_DESIGNATION. This has been fixed.
CHS profiles with cuts
• The variable XS_TUBE_UNWRAP_WITH_CUT_HOLES is now set to FALSE by default. Set the variable to TRUE to include cut holes in workshop drawings or NC files of unwrapped CHS (circular hollow section) profiles.
1.5 Custom components
Define and create connections for custom parts
You can now define a custom connection, seam or detail so that when you use component in a model, you can pick custom parts as the main and/or secondary parts. You do not have to pick each part within the component. This is useful when modeling window details in a multi-layer panel when the panel is a custom part, for example.
To define a custom connection, detail or seam for custom parts, use the custom component wizard and pick the custom parts as main or secondary parts. For more information on defining custom components, see Defining custom components in the online help.
Use the Custom component editor to edit the properties of custom parts. For more information, see Editing custom components in the online help.
When you are using the custom connection, Tekla Structures accepts only custom parts as input parts if you have defined the connection with a custom part as an input part.
Miscellaneous
Improvements in the usability of custom components
• Now you only have to click the Modify button once in any customcomponent dialog box to apply changes. In previous versions, you sometimes had to click Modify repeatedly if a component had many dependencies.
To define how many loops Tekla Structures makes to solve dependencies in custom components, use the variable XS_CYCLIC_SOLVER_MAX_LOOPS in Tools > Advanced options > Modeling properties. The default is 2.
• When a custom component is not working correctly and the problem is with the equations, Tekla Structures now displays error messages in the log file that help you recognize the problem source. To see the log file, click Tools > Display log file > Log file...
Fixes
• When you selected a custom seam, its handles were not displayed. This has been fixed.
• When you selected a nested custom detail, the handles of the custom detail were not displayed. This has been fixed.
• The Variables dialog box in the Custom component editor includes a new value type, Factor. This is a decimal value without type. You can set the number of decimals for the value type in Setup > Units and decimals dialog box.
• Now when you create custom components, the custom component objects get the current phase number.
