AI_421_IEC61850

(1)

Introduction to the IEC 61850

electrical utility

communication standard

(2)

1 2 A B B S w it z e rl a n d L td C o rp o ra te R e s e a rc h A B B C H -R D 2

IEC 61850

Executive summary

IEC 61850 is a collection of international standards defining: -how to describe the devices in an electrical substation and -how to exchange the information about these devices

- at configuration time and - at run-time.

It simplifies considerably engineering and testing, savings several Mio € per year. It is the base for all developments in substation automation.

Main products:

definition of model engineering tools object

IEC 61850 was developed by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva) by a group of manufacturers (ABB, Alstom, Schneider, SEL, Siemens, Toshiba,..) and

electrical utilities (Electricité de France, Iberdrola, Hydro-Quebec,…)

IEC 61850 represents hundreds of person-years of work since 1997, one of the largest and most successful standardization group ever (comparable to IEEE 802.3).

(3)

e rl a n d L td C o rp o ra te R e s e a rc h A B B C H -R D 3

IEC 61850

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

6. Communication

Protocols

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

(4)

IEC 61850

Swiss power grid: substations and transmission lines

substations are the nodes of the electricity network, connecting power plants,

different voltage levels, different frequencies and large loads

(5)

(6)

IEC 61850

Air isolated high voltage elements

circuit breaker (3 phases) (can break short-circuit current)

current measurement transformers

power transformers disconnector (3 phases)

(can’t be switched under load)

(7)

IEC 61850

Gas-isolated substation (GIS)

Circuit Breaker

Q0_L1/

XCBR

Gas density mon.

Q0_L1/

SIMG

Primary technology

Secondary

technology

Control

Q0/

CSWI

Q8/

CSWI

Q9/

CSWI

Bay-HMI

IHMI

Distance

Protection

PDIS

Isolator

Q9_L1/

XSWI

Gas density mon.

Q9_L1/

SIMG

Earthing Switch

Q8_L1/

XSWI

Gas density mon.

(8)

IEC 61850

Indoor substations (medium voltage)

Gas Isolated high voltage

_{medium voltage}

(9)

IEC 61850

Your substation at home

The switchboard in a home is a miniature substation: - distribution of electricity (to the different rooms), - control (switch on/off) and

- protection (fuses).

switch and protect

kitchen bath living room transformer parents earth fault

(10)

IEC 61850

Substation elements

Station

(Unterwerk, Sous-station, subestación)

Node in the power network

built in a switchyard (Schaltfeld,

campo

)

consists of :

Bus bar

(interconnects all elements)

Bay

for each incoming / outcoming line (“feeder”) bay

transformer bay

generator bay

connection between bus bars

equipment is divided into:

Primary equipment (switchyard hardware)

• breaker

• transformer

Secondary equipment (electronics)

(11)

IEC 61850

Electrical circuit (Single Line Diagram = SLD)

bay

départ

bay bay G

bus bar

(jeux de barres,

Sammelschiene,

barras)

disconnector

(interrupteurs,

Trenner,

seccionador

)

cannot be switched under power

circuit breaker

(disjoncteur,

Leistungsschalter,

interruptor

)

can switch fault current

transformer

(transformateur,

Trafo,

transformador

)

generator

three phases

feeder

(12)

IEC 61850

Primary and secondary elements

=AD17 -KB2 Steuerung / SchutzFällanden

Feldsteuergerät REC216 mit Messung und Synchrocheck

LEITUNGSHAUPTSCHUTZ REL316*4 PRÜFSTECKER

I 0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS I 0 WE-BLOCK I 0 STUFENVERL. Reset AUS SAMMELSCHIENENSCHUTZ REB500 RESERVESCHUTZ

SCHUTZ EIN/AUS AUS 220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 1 220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 2

SYNCHRONISIERUNG HAND VERRIEGELUNG 2 x 220/24V DC/DC SPANNUNGSVERSORGUNG -X1 Control/Protection Cubicles Interbay bus Star coupler

ABBPower Automation AG RER111

500SCM 01 Rx3 Tx3 Rx2 Tx2 Rx1 Tx1 500SCM 01 Rx3 Tx3 Rx2 Tx2 Rx1 Tx1 500SCM 01 Rx3 Tx3 Rx2 Tx2 Rx1 Tx1 500SCM 01 Rx3 Tx3 Rx2 Tx2 Rx1 Tx1 500SCM Rx3 Tx3 Rx2 Tx2 Rx1 Tx1

Network control centre

ABBPower Automation AG COM581

C Communication Converter d g t a l -Q9 -Q2 motors HV Line bay CT VT =AD17 -KB2 Steuerung / SchutzFällanden

Feldsteuergerät REC216 mit Messung und Synchrocheck

LEITUNGSHAUPTSCHUTZ REL316*4 PRÜFSTECKER

I 0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS I 0 WE-BLOCK I 0 STUFENVERL. Reset AUS =AD17 -KB2 Steuerung / SchutzFällanden =AD17 -KB2 Steuerung / SchutzFällanden

Control/Protection Cubicles

=AD17 -KB2 Steuerung / SchutzFällanden =AD17 -KB2 Steuerung / SchutzFällanden

-Q1 -Q0 -Q8 P ro c e s s I n te rf a c e

circuit

breakers

switches

bus bars

primary secondary

(13)

IEC 61850

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

6. Communication

Protocols

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

(14)

IEC 61850

IEC 61346: Naming of substation elements

bay 3

bay 1 bay 4 bay 5

=W2

=E1

M =QC1 M =QC2 =Q3 -QA1 M =QB12 M =QC11 =Q4 =QA1 M =QC2 M =QC1

=W1

=BI1 =BU1 =Q5 =QA1 M =QC1 M =QB9 M =QC9 =BI1 =BU1 =Q1 =QA1 M =QC2 M =QC1 =BI1 =BU1 =QB1 M =T1 =T1 =BU2 =BU1 =BI1 =QB2 M =QB1 M =QB2 M =QB1 M =QB2 M =QB1 M =QB2 M M =QC2 =Q2 =QA1 M =QC1 M =QB9 M =QC9 =BI1 =BU1 =QB1 M =QB2 M M =QC2 bay 2 E1.W1.Q2.QA1

The IEC 61346 standard defines how substation elements should be named.

(15)

(16)

IEC 61850

Substation Configuration Language: Single Line Diagram

<?xml version="1.0"?>

</VoltageLevel>

IEC 61850-6 specifies how to describe a substation’s Single Line Diagram, and how to reproduce it on a screen exactly in the correct topology.

(17)

IEC 61850

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

6. Communication

Protocols

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

(18)

IEC 61850

Protection, Measurement and Control devices

bay 1 =Q1 =QA1 M =QC2 M =QC1 =BI1 =BU1 =QB1 M =T1 =QB2 M =Q2 =QA1 M =QC1 M =QB9 M =QC9 =BI1 =BU1 =QB1 M =QB2 M M =QC2 bay 2 =Q2 =QA1 M =QC1 =BI1 =BU1 =QB1 M =QB2 M M =QC2 bay 2 G bus bar H1 back-up bay protection and control transformer protection bus-bar protection generator protection

Each object is protected by its own protection & control device

IED = Intelligent Electronic Device

bus bar H2 measurement

bay protection and control

(19)

IEC 61850

IEC 61850- based product family

Price

Distribution

Transmission

RE_ 670

RE_ 615

RE_ 650

RE_ 630

RE_ 60_

(20)

IEC 61850

Example of protection function: time-overcurrent

current [kA]

duration before trip [ms]

The protection function is adjusted with a set of parameters that are tuned for a specific substation and bay, called a setting.

Protection function have usually different settings, that are used depending on the situation. nominal current

(21)

(22)

(23)

IEC 61850

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

6. Communication

Protocols

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

(24)

IEC 61850

Logical Device Q0_L3/

Logical device

Each physical device (called an IED) can perform functions that was formerly performed

by different protection or control devices.

Those former devices are represented by Logical Devices within the physical device.

circuit breaker control

and protection

Physical Device

PISA_Q0_L3

Logical Device B_L3/

buss bar control

and protection

(25)

IEC 61850

Logical Nodes

IEC 61850 describes each function within a substation equipment

(transformer, circuit breaker, protection function...) by a logical node (LN).

Q0 T2 T1 IED1 IED2 LAN CSWI PIOC MMTR MMXU IARC XCBR TCTR : TVTR

circuit breaker

current measure

transformer

voltage measuring

transformer

measuring unit

protection against

over current

control of switch

human interface

IHMI

(26)

IEC 61850

Logical Nodes Groups

IEC 61850-7-4 standardizes 91 Logical Nodes divided into 13 Logical Groups

The first letter of the Logical Node identifies the group.

Logical Group

Name

Number of Logical Nodes

L

System LN

2 P

Protection

28 R

Protection related

10 C

Control

5 G

Generic

3 I

Interfacing and archiving

4 A

Automatic control

4 M

Metering and measurement

8 S

Sensor and monitoring

4 X

Switchgear

2 T

Instrument transformers

2 Y

Power transformers

4 Z

Further power system equipment

15 W

Wind

O

Solar

H

Hydro

N

Power plant

B

Batteries

F

Fuel Cells

(27)

IEC 61850

Logical Nodes: switchgear

LNname

Function

XCBR

Circuit breaker

a high-power switch capable of switching off

or on under full load current

(Schalter, Interrupteur)

XSWI

Circuit switch

a switching device capable of electrically

isolating a line, but which may only be

operated when essentially no current is

flowing

(28)

IEC 61850

Data: Circuit Breaker

Mod

Mode

INC

M

Beh

Behavior

INS

M

Health

INS

M

NamePlt

Name Plate

LPL

Loc

Local operation, not remote

SPS

EEHealth

External equipment health

INS

EEName

External equipment name plate

DPL

NamPlt

Name Plate

LPL

OpCnt

Operation counter

INS

M

Data Object

Basic LN

Pos

Switch position

DPC

M

BlkOpn

Block opening

SPC

M

BlkCls

Block closing

SPC

M

ChaMotEna

Charger motor enable

SPC

Controls

CBOpCap

Circuit breaker operating capability

INS

M

POWCap

Point on wave switching capability

INS

MaxOpCap

Operating capability when fully charged INS

Status

SumSwARs

Sum of switched amperes, resetable

BCR

Measures

Explanation

Class

Mandatory

(29)

IEC 61850

Attributes: position

stVal

BOOLEAN

q

Quality

t

TimeStamp

subEna

BOOLEAN

subVal

BOOLEAN

subQ

Quality

subID

Visible String64

d

Visible String255

Each attribute of a DATA consists of a number of Data Attributes,

with a Data Attribute Type (DAType) that belong to Functional Constraints (FC)

Attribute Type

Status (ST)

Description (DC)

Substitution (SV)

Attribute Name

only needed when

Functional Constraint

DATA “Pos”

(30)

IEC 61850

Logical nodes of the P-group (protection)

LNname IEEE protection function(s) name Protection Function

PDIF 87,87P,87L,87N,87T,87B, 87M, 87G Differential

PDIR 87B Direction comparison

PDIS 21 Distance protection

PDOP 32 Directional Overpower

PDUP 32,37,40 Directional Underpower

PFRC 81 Rate of change of frequency

PHAR 87T Harmonic restraint

PHIZ 64 Ground detector

PIOC 50 Instantaneous overcurrent

PMRI 49R,66,48,51LR Motor restart inhibition

PMSS Motor starting supervision

POPF 55 Over power factor

PPAM Phase angle measuring

PSCH 21,85 Protection scheme

PSDE Sensitive directional earth fault

PTEF Transient earth fault

PTOC 46,51,60,64R,64S,64W,67,67N,76 Time overcurrent

PTOF 81 Overfrequency PTOV 47,59,59DC,60 Overvoltage PTRC PTTR 49,49R,49S Thermal overload PTUC 37 Undercurrent PTUV 27 Undervoltage PTUF Underfrequency

PUPF 55 Under power factor

PVOC 51V Voltage controlled time overcurrent

PVPH 24 Volt per Hertz

(31)

IEC 61850

Substation Configuration Language: Equipment

<LNinst="1" lnClass="XCBR" lnType="IED670@IEC61850@@@ABBIED670_REV1_SXCBR@1" prefix="S">

<Privatetype="ABB_FunctionRefs">476621a8-3f95-4a19-9b63-31171ddd62f9</Private>

<DOIname="Mod" desc="Mode">

<DAIname="stVal" sAddr="/INC/ST/Enum/+/dchg/Mod/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,29" /> <DAIname="q" sAddr="/INC/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,100" /> <DAIname="t" sAddr="/INC/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,32" /> <DAIname="ctlModel" sAddr="/INC/CF/Enum/+/none/ctlModel/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />

<DAIname="d" sAddr="/INC/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> </DOI>

<DOIname="Health">

<DAIname="stVal" sAddr="/INS/ST/Enum/+/dchg/Health/-1,-1,-1" /> <DAIname="q" sAddr="/INS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/-1,-1,-1" /> <DAIname="t" sAddr="/INS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" />

<DAIname="d" sAddr="/INS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> </DOI>

<DOIname="NamPlt">

<DAIname="vendor" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> <DAIname="swRev" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> <DAIname="d" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> <DAIname="configRev" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> </DOI>

<DOIname="Loc" desc="Local operation (local means without substation automation communication, hardwired direct control)"> <DAIname="stVal" sAddr="/SPS/ST/BOOLEAN/+/dchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,13" />

<DAIname="q" sAddr="/SPS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,100" /> <DAIname="t" sAddr="/SPS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,32" /> <DAIname="d" sAddr="/SPS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />

</DOI>

<DOIname="OpCnt" desc="Operation counter">

<DAIname="stVal" sAddr="/INS/ST/INT32/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,30" /> <DAIname="q" sAddr="/INS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,100" /> <DAIname="t" sAddr="/INS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,32" /> <DAIname="d" sAddr="/INS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />

</DOI>

<DOIname="Pos" desc="Switch position">

<DAIname="stVal" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Dbpos/+/dchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,12" /> <DAIname="q" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,100" /> <DAIname="t" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,32" /> <DAIname="subEna" sAddr="/DPC/SV/BOOLEAN/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.SUB.0.Enable,-1,-1" /> <DAIname="subVal" sAddr="/DPC/SV/Dbpos/+/none/+/App1.SW ITCH_D.1.SUB.0.Value,-1,-1" /> <DAIname="subQ" sAddr="/DPC/SV/Quality/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" />

name of the circuit breaker

health state

name plate

local/remote operation

number of switching opertions

(32)

IEC 61850

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

6. Communication

Protocols

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

(33)

IEC 61850

bay 02 bay 01 Gateway Network Control Log printer station bus GPS clock SCADA IED IED IED IED IED IED IED IED IED IED IED IED

bay 03 bay 04 bay 11 bay 12

01

electrical topology: Single Line Diagram

data network topology

Data and electrical topologies

(34)

IEC 61850

SCADA level _clock

SCADAHMI gateway firewall network control SCADA bay level ₉-2 S V

P

ro

c

e

s

b

u

s

SCADAHMI Engineering IED IED IED PIA PIB IED IED IED IED IED IED IED IED IED IED IED IED

Station Bus

v e rt ic a l tr a ff ic (M M S ) bay bay bay (9-2 SV) primary technology bay bay 8 -1 G O O S E

Station Bus and Process Bus

process input analogue process interface binary direct wiring horizontal traffic (8-1 GOOSE)

(35)

IEC 61850

remote control network control centre

IEC 61850 station bus ring topology (preferred, other exist)

switch S

IED

bay 1 logger

printer

station bus (ring) = Ethernet

IED IEC bay 2 IED IED bay N operator workplace

. . .

IED IED IED IED GPS time 100Tx (copper) links switch 1 switch 2 100Fx (fibre) links

(36)

IEC 61850

Printer Server 1 Alarm and Event Printer 1 LA36W

Fibre optic station bus (LON) in star configuration

4 x Star Coupler RER111 including redundant power supply GPS Master SA S5 70Ad va nc ed Su bs ta tio n Au to m at io n Sy st em

Oper ator 's Wor kstation 2

Operator's Workstation 1 Global Position

System

Front-End Station

Computer 1 Front-End StationComputer 2

Alarm and Event Printer 2 LA36W

Redundant Station LAN TCP-IP

Printer Server 2

LAN-Interface to LV SCMS

Engineering Workstation Disturbance Recorder

Evalution Station to

Central Station

Manual Switch

Bay control unit

REC316*4 Bay control unitREC316*4 Differential protection

RET316*4

6 x 500RIO11 DI

SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit 3Ph and neutral OC

SPAJ140C

Bay control unit

SPAJ110CStand byearth fault overcurrent Prot. SPAJ115C_Restricted earth fault Protection Neutral earth fault Prot. SPAJ110C SPAJ115CRestricted earth fault Protection 132kV Side 11kV Side BBP/BFP Centr al unit REB500 10 x BBP/BFP Bay unit REB500 Bay control unit

REC316*4 Bay control unitREC316*4

AVR and tap control

T1 type REGSys Fault Monitoring System_{Indactic I650}

Coaxial cable Telephon

Modem

SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit AVR and tap control

T2 type REGSys Repeater 1 x 500RIO11 DO Service Modem 132kV Modem NSK Fallback Switch

LDCs Interface from Station Computer 2 IEC870-5-101 LDCs Interface from Station Computer 1 IEC870-5-101

AVR and tap control T3 type REGSys Line distance prot.

REL316*4

AVR and tap control T4 type REGSys

Bay control unit HP Color Laserjet HP Color Laser jet EF and OC SPAJ110C 500RIO11 , 16DI

Analog alarm unit SACO16A3

Station Alarm Unit Station Alarm Unit

SPAJ110C SPAJ110C Earth fault overcurrent Prot. Tertiary Earth fault Prot. Repeater Control Protection

Analog alarm unit SACO16A3 10 x 132kV 4 x 11kV 1 x spare SACO16A3 R SPAU140C Synchr o-check

SPAJ140CPhase andneutral overcurrent Prot. SACO16A3 R SACO16A3 R 132kV analog Input 132kV FOX Equipment 11kV analog Input PTUSK Scope 11kV Modem NSK

SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit

Main 2

o/e

SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit

Ether net Verbindung zu E4 FO RS232 B69 Überstrom Main 1 Siemens 7SD610 für E19 Verbindung

(37)

IEC 61850

Redundant IEC 61850 network

IED bay (ring) IED IED workstation1 logger printer COM NCC IED bay (ring) COM NCC workstation2 Duo/Duplo IED IED 3rd party bay (star) IED IED

(38)

IEC 61850

Substation Configuration Language: communication

…

10.41.24.135

255.255.255.0

</Address>

</ConnectedAP>

10.41.24.136

255.255.255.0

</Address>

…

IEC61850-6 specifies the data network topology (with its coordinates), the devices that participate in communication, how they are connected, which are their addresses and which is the data traffic they generate.

(39)

IEC 61850

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

6. Communication

Protocols

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

(40)

IEC 61850

Three types of communication in IEC 61850

Supervisory Level GPSa Back-Up Event Printers SCADA S-bus

HMI _control

Tele-NCC bay IEC 61850 bay bay interbay bus Station Bus

bay bay bay

GOOSE SCADA M M S IED IED IED Bay Level horizontal communication (IED to IED) IEC 61850-8 vertical communication (SCADA to IEDs) IEC 61850-8 S a m p le V a lu e s sampled values (IED to IED) IEC 61850-9-2

(41)

IEC 61850

IEC 61850: Three protocols stacks

MMS client-server SCADA-IEDs IEC 61850-8-1 GOOSE publisher-subscriber IED-IED IEC 61850-8-1 SV PI-IED 61850-9-2 Ethernet

(42)

IEC 61850

Details of the stack

MAC layer

TCP RFC 793

IP

ISO Transport RFC 1006 ISO Session ISO/IEC 8245 ACSE ISO/IEC 8649:1996 MMS ISO 9506-1:2003

Client/Server

services

ACSI

PT=0800

link layer

application

_application

application

SNTP

ARP

802.p1 / 802.1Q

VLAN - priority

PT=0806

802.2

PTID=8100

spanning

tree

(802.1d)

x88F7 x88B8 x88BA IEEE 1588 GOOSE SV

Hard Real-Time stack

void

Soft-Time stack

ICMP

physical layer

link redundancy entity (PRP / HSR)

Ethernet B Ethernet A

redundancy

network

transport

session

presentation

1ms _1µs

(43)

IEC 61850

Client-Server Protocol (MMS) – two modes

Indication Request Confirmation Response network Indication Request time MMS server network MMS client processing distance asynchronous event

1) Request-Response

2) Unsolicited

(44)

IEC 61850

GOOSE: event-driven real-time communication

T0 (T0) T1T1 T2 T3

event

T0 retransmission in stable conditions (no event for a long time).

(T0) retransmission in stable conditions may be shortened by an event.

T1 shortest retransmission time after the event.

T2, T3 retransmission times until achieving the stable conditions time. (the value of these times is an application issue)

T0 T0

Used to transmit to all other bays a state change (e.g. switch closing)

Publisher-Subscriber (Source addressed)

Uses multicast on layer 2

(45)

IEC 61850

Communication protocols in IEC 61850

substation objects MMS Goose Ethernet TCP / IP substation objects MMS Goose Ethernet TCP / IP substation objects MMS Goose Ethernet TCP / IP application MMS Goose Ethernet TCP / IP ACSI IEDs SCADA Station Bus

(46)

IEC 61850

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

6. Communication

Protocols

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

(47)

IEC 61850

Substation Configuration Description

Switch Switch Switch Computer Printer

. . . . .

Switch Timeserver 1 2 11 Computer Switch NCC NCC Timeserver Integrated Engineering Tools

SCD

data network configuration (IP addresses…)

logical devices and protection functions (overcurrent, ….) substation topology

(busbars, feeders, switches,..) The Substation Configuration Description

(SCD) file according to IEC61850 is the “DNA” of the substation, defining:

a large XML file(4 MB..12 MB)

(48)

IEC 61850

Object Model

The IEC 61850 object model is the centerpiece of the standard. It relies on application know-how of the standards group.

The model is used for:

- system verification (“virtual maximum size substation”) - engineering of a particular substation

- allocation of functions to devices in that substation

- configuration of the real devices (IEDs and SCADA) and real network - testing and debugging

The object model is implemented:

-a) in the engineering tools (total substation)

-b) in the SCADA (relevant parts of substation)

(49)

IEC 61850

Impact of the SCL on the engineering process

SCADA physical signals Telecontrol COMxxx ICD IED Status and Control SCD Substation configuration IED configuration physical signals IED physical signals IED CAP / PCM Tools interbay bus

The use of SCL obliges to adopt a top-down approach in engineering:

1)

Single line diagram

2)

Bay description

3)

Function description

IET Single Line

Diagram

(50)

IEC 61850

IET: substation configuration tool

IET in used in all projects to produce the single line diagram, attach the IEDs

and generate the SCD file

(51)

IEC 61850

The Synthy idea: simulate devices modeled in IEC 61850

GPSa Station Computer / HMI Event Printers SCADA OPC DataBase HMI OPC DB Tele-control RTU 1A~, 100V~ 110V=, 24V= switches and leds bay Omicron, XS-92 PLCs PCM

bay bay _bay

LAN Analyzer

SCD

GUI script

substation objects

script_script Lower testers bay bay

Supervisory Level (SCADA)

IEC 61850 Industrial Ethernet

Integrated Engineering Tools

(52)

IEC 61850

Synthy in Factory Acceptance Test

before….

after….

Synthy

real IEDs

(53)

IEC 61850

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

6. Communication

Protocols

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

(54)

IEC 61850

The main features of IEC 61850

- defines interconnection of IEDs based on Ethernet / TCP-IP / MMS

- defines besides TCP/IP a Layer 2 traffic for time-critical data

-defines an object model

-defines application layer semantics for the objects

(55)

IEC 61850

Benefits of IEC 61850

The benefit of an IEC61850 device is not in the price of the device: it

is in lower cost to use the device.

The benefit of an IEC61850 system is not in buying the system: it is

in lower costs to engineer and commission the substation system.

The cost of an installed device is 7 times the value of the device !

“The flexibility provided by the IEC61850/UCA-MMS protocols has the potential for saving millions of dollars in development costs for utilities and manufacturers, since it eliminates the need for protocol converters and lengthy, complex database mapping when integrating devices from different manufacturers.

(56)

IEC 61850

Conclusion

IEC 61850 is the base for all future developments in substation automation

IEC 61850 is a successful standard in substations, because it put all competitors on an equal footing through the Ethernet / Internet technology.

IEC 61850 defines an application object model that is independent from the communication and ensures long-term investment.

IEC 61850 value resides in the savings in engineering and testing that it allows.

IEC 61850 paved the way for other standards, such as wind mills, hydro and the same principles could be used in any standardized plant. .

(57)

IEC 61850

Outlook: Spreading to other standards

IEC 61400-25 (Wind turbines)

IEC61850-90-7 (Inverters for Distributed Energy and Renewable)

IEC 61850-90-5 (Synchrophasor transmission)

IEC_61850-7-510 (Hydro plants)

IEC_61850-7-420 (Distributed Energy and Renewable)

=> Common Information Model (CIM, IEC 61968 / IEC 61970)

(58)

IEC 61850

WindTurbine (WTUR) Logical Node

TMS _{Turbine Availability Time}

W SetPoint

STP TMS Turbine Operation Time

BOOL

CTE Number of Turbine Starts

Emergency Stop

CMD CTE Number of Turbine Stops

STP

STV Windturbine Status

AMV Total active Energy generation

Windturbine operation command Var SetPoint

network

every conformant wind turbine must implement these objects !

(59)

AI_421_IEC61850

Introduction to the IEC 61850

electrical utility

communication standard

IEC 61850

Executive summary

IEC 61850

Contents

1.

Introduction: substation elements

2.

Description of the electrical topology

3.

Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4.

Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5.

Data communication topology

6. Communication

Protocols

7.

Substation Description Language and Tools

IEC 61850

Swiss power grid: substations and transmission lines

substations are the nodes of the electricity network, connecting power plants,

different voltage levels, different frequencies and large loads

IEC 61850

Air isolated high voltage elements

IEC 61850

Gas-isolated substation (GIS)

Circuit Breaker

Q0_L1/

XCBR

Gas density mon.

Q0_L1/

SIMG

Primary technology

Secondary

technology

Control

Q0/

CSWI

Q8/

CSWI

Q9/

CSWI

Bay-HMI

IHMI

Distance

Protection

PDIS

Isolator

Q9_L1/

XSWI

Gas density mon.

Q9_L1/

SIMG

Earthing Switch

Q8_L1/

XSWI

Gas density mon.

IEC 61850

Indoor substations (medium voltage)

Gas Isolated high voltage

medium voltage

IEC 61850

Your substation at home

IEC 61850

Substation elements

Station

(Unterwerk, Sous-station, subestación)

Node in the power network

built in a switchyard (Schaltfeld,

campo

)

consists of :

Bus bar

(interconnects all elements)

Bay

for each incoming / outcoming line (“feeder”) bay

_{medium voltage}