Application characterisation using a lightweight transaction model

(1)

http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/

Original citation:

Spooner, Daniel P., Turner, J. D., Cao, J., Jarvis, Stephen A., 1970- and Nudd, G. R.

(2001) Application characterisation using a lightweight transaction model. In:

Proceedings of the 17th UK Performance Engineering Workshop (UKPEW), Leeds, UK,

18-19 Jul 2001 pp. 215-227.

Permanent WRAP url:

http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/61172

Copyright and reuse:

The Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) makes this work by researchers of the

University of Warwick available open access under the following conditions. Copyright ©

and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual

author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable the

material made available in WRAP has been checked for eligibility before being made

available.

Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or

not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and

full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original

metadata page and the content is not changed in any way.

A note on versions:

The version presented in WRAP is the published version or, version of record, and may

be cited as it appears here.For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at:

(2)

" !#%$&'!(*)+,- . 0/

124326587:9;9=<?>@ACBD2412?EGF?@H<?>@A:BD2JILKM9DAC5:24N2CB=KM@PO;QSRACTU2WVX26YZFD[?[]\

^H_`aGbPcedfbhgHgei

jlk=monoprqsHn

tUuwvyxXvyxaza|{a|}y~Hao`oaP%:Sa|`euw}yH`{ao`vyGP`Xuv}yu_vya'vyao{

uvyxXe`P{u}yaoP_}yoa|P`Hr}u`~_a|},}yhaoodvyxa}yalu,P`u`|}yaoPu`~

`aoaLvyla|aoH }yaouPaGvyH%vyxrv%h`Za|fa||vyuaowoh}u`rvyavyxa}ya _uw}ya|¡ {ao`vyPfh`PuhvyuH`

uwvyxPPuPaJoP{_vyu`~:}yaoP_}yoaoo¢;£?xaJPuuwv¤Gvy

}yauv%vyxa¥a|xeuP_}¦h6oP{a|§¨P~P~P}yao~HhvyaZvya|{¦_`a|}¦e`P{uh xP`~Pu`~

P}y©eP%u%h}vyuo_4r}yw¨aouw}PaHdªaoHu`~lvyla|fao|vyua}yaoP_}yoa

_yP~PaP`«Hvyu{uyrvyuP`LP=`a|v

P}y©Hazvyao{o¢

¤`¬P`UafP}vlvya|§P}ya vyxaoa u_a|od:vyxa¨:u~Hx¬®=a|}WP}y{P`oa¯evyao{ :}yH_°±%®8¯¦²6hvCtr}

u©Lr}yaGaoa|Pu`~,}yaoH_}yoa{h`h~Hao{ao`vCr}yxu¡ vyao|vy_}yavyxhv_u¦_¥H`'h`a|§uvyu`~LavP?}yaoaoh}yxvyHGaovPuxau`

vyxaJh}yaohª¥a|}³h}y{P`|aC}yau|vyuP`´¢µ£?xaCvyao{0ao{¥euaoµvyxa6oP`oa|v8Pª

¶±·¸P¹º|¸H»|¶±¼¾½P¹

vyxhv%a|`h_rvyao¦©a|hurvyuH`|H{¥H`ao`v¢¿:u`~zPu¡

hvyuHà|`P}yod_a|}C}ya _uw}yao{ao`vyodvyao{À¥Huouao%h`z}ya|H_}y|a_yP~Haxu¡ vyP}yuaoodeh`PuohvyuHùµ}Puxh}h|vya|}yuaP`xa_ah}yH}yurvyaow¢ Á uv}yu_vyah~Hao`v¡Âhaaoèeuw}yH`{ao`v¦uG_a'hvyxavyao{Ãu`4}Pv}y_¡

vy_}yaHdP`xa_u`~¦Hvyu{uyhvyuP`u;hxua|aG_a6P´~Pao`avyuCh~PP}yuwvyx{

xHahu{ÄuwvCu6vy{u`u{ua:vyxa¦{h©a|¡Âh`«h|}yHCvyao{o¢

Å«ÆeÇ´ÈGÉ phÊ=mHË,ÌMÍ

¸P·¸»|¶SÎ·¼³º¸P¶±¼¾½h¹ÏfÐ?·yÎÑP¼±»|¶±¼¾½P¹ÏfÒ»

Í

ÎÑPÓÔ¼³¹eÕPÏÐCÎ·³Ö|½P·×¸P¹¥»ÎÏµØ8ÙJÚÛÜ

Ý Þµß«à?á6â ãXä'åà?æhâzß

ö¾ïí,îðúf÷lóMëhíïeöJýëHîeíoñþÿMéWðì|ëhí|ëPñìGéWðXûëPïûíoîeòªèféWøPîeêWê4ý ùféWñò´ëPí|ñëPù'ðªërìyôïíñGñúªøoèXîñ

ñ¦þ¥èªîë:ñìéW÷lúfê³îì|ëPùlùfëh÷îeðªùö¾ïíDèféWûèlòMëhíö¾ïí|÷îeðªøhëCí|ëPñïúfíoørë:îeêWê4ï¥øhîeìéWïð

ñëPíé³ørëHñ ð ìèfëHñë'ðfëPô ëhðéWíïðf÷Lëhðì|ñ:ù¥é³ñìí|é4ófúfìëPù#ñý¥ñyì|ëh÷ñ«÷lúªñì ó´ëHørï÷«ë'÷Lïí|ë

îîeéWêWîófé4êWé4ìyý

(3)

îñ|ñé³ñì ô¦éì|è é³ñ|ñúfëHñïeöí|ëPñïúfíoørë'îeêWê4ï¥øPîìéWïðF%èfé³ñé4ð´ørêWúªù¥ëPñìèfëõùfëëPê4ïòf÷Lëhðì ïeöî

ù¥é³ñyì|íéWófú¥ì|ëPù-íëHñïúfíoørë«÷Lîðªîeûëh÷Lëhðìñý¥ñìëP÷ ìè´îìéWñlîeófêWë«ìï'òfí|ëPù¥é³øìì|èfëó´ëPèªîé4ïúfí

ïeöGîð¬îeòfòfêWé³øhîì|é4ïð¬ørï¥ù¥ë ìïõëhü¥ëPørúfìéWïð¬îeð´ùó´ë'îeófêWëì|ïXúªñë ìèªéWñzé4ðfö¾ïí|÷LîeìéWïð

ìïïòfìéW÷«é³ñëñ|øoèfëPùfúfê4éWðfûU%èfé³ñzé³ñîøoèªé4ëëPù¬óý¬øhï÷zófé4ðªé4ðfûîeð îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðô¦é4ìè#î

ìèªîeì«éWðªøhê4úªùfëPñ«îX÷îeòïeö¦ìíoîeð´ñîøìéWïð´ñlîeð´ùìèfëPé4íøhï÷L÷lúfðªéWøPîìéWïðFúªîê4é4ìyýïeö

ñëPíé³ørë,íëúfé4í|ëh÷LëPðìoññýñìëP÷Ãò´ïê4é³ørý´êì|ëhíoñ¦îeðªù¨èféWñìïíé³øhîêMùªîì|îzòMëhíì|îeéWðféWðfûzìï«òfíë

é4ïúªñ%é4ðïøPîì|é4ïðªñ

%èfé³ñ¦íëHñëHîeíoøoè¨ú¥ì|é4êWé³ñëHñ%ìèfë! Xþ"DîûëhðìñýñìëP÷fô¦èfé³øoè÷îðªîeûëPñìèªëù¥éWñ|ørïëhí|ý

îeðªùîùëhíìé³ñëP÷LëhðìGïeöJðªërìyôïíëPùí|ëPñïúfíoørëHñ#%èfë«ùªîì|îZørïê4êWëPørìëPùXóýì|èfëzîûëhðìoñé³ñ

%èfé³ñJé³ñCørúªíí|ëhðìêWýLîøoèféWëëPùlìèfí|ïúfûè îeð$&%#'(0þ-*)=îeûëhðìîeê4ìèfïúfûèLé4ì:é³ñJëhðé³ñîûëPù

ìèªîeìîeð,+

þ-Hÿ6éWð¥ö¾í|îñyì|íú´øìúªíëzïí,ëh÷Lëhí|ûéWðfû 0

ñyìoîeðªùfîí|ùX÷Lîý'óMëLú¥ìéWê4é³ñëPù

îìîê³îì|ëhí'ùfîì|ë-%èfëö¾íoîe÷Lëhôïí(îeê³ñï¬éWðìëPûíoîìëHñZîêWé4ûèìyôëhéWûèì ëhíoñéWïð ïeöì|èfë

ûí|ïúfò/.ñ0?ëhíö¾ïí|÷îeðªøhëð´îeêWýñé³ñîðªù21:è´îeíoîøì|ëhí|éWñ|îì|é4ïð3Jðé4í|ïðª÷«ëPðì546137Gþ-8

ñyìoîeðªùªîeíoù'éWñ¦ú´ñëHù'ö¾ïíí|ëPñòMïðªñë÷LëPîñúfí|ëh÷Lëhðìª÷îPéWðfûéì,éWñGò´ïññéWófê4ëìï ú¥ì|é4êWé³ñëì|èfé³ñ

ìïïê¥éWðørïð;yúfðªørìéWïð«ô¦éì|èLøhï÷L÷Lëhíoøré³îeê¥îeòªòfê4é³øhîeìéWïðªñ8ö¾ïíJørïð´ñïê4é³ùfîì|é4ïðlîeð´ùlí|ëhòMïíìéWðfû

ïeö?÷îeðªîûëh÷LëPðìùfîeì|îB

<>=?< @BADC?EF6C?GH>IKJLCNMPO

%èfëLö¾íoîe÷LëhôïíéWñùfëPñé4ûðfëPùìïöÂîøréWê4é4ì|îeìëí|ëPñïúfíoørëLù¥é³ñøhïëhí|ýîòfòfêWéWøPîìéWïðøoèªîí|îø

ìëPíé³ñîeìéWïð'îeðªù¨ì|îñ8Z÷îeòfòféWðfûDQëhýZørïð´ñé³ù¥ëhíoîì|é4ïðªñïeö8ìèfëí|ëPñëPîí|øoèZé4ðªøhê4ú´ù¥ëSR

TVU XWY

Z\[ XW]Y

_^ Ya`b N`Sc

d[

`

îðªùZìèfë«îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðªñ%é³ñêWé4ûèìyô:ëPé4ûèìhGòfòfêWéWøPîìéWïð´ñGîeí|ëù¥ëPñ|ørí|éWó´ëHùîñîñëhí|é4ëHñ

ïö6ìíoîeðªñ|îørìéWïðªñìèªîeì,í|ëhòªíëHñëPðìòªîeíìé³ørúfê³îeí,ñúªó&Sìoîñ¥ñ¦ìè´îìîeí|ëzñìïí|ëPù'òMëhíoñéWñ?

4Âé4ð´ørêWúªù¥éWðfûçëPóñëPíé³ørëPñai5+júfëhí|éWëPñ%îeðªù'ñ|øréWëhðìék´øîeòªòfê4é³øhîeìéWïðªñ%ëhì|ø7H

TmlB[ cno#`

[qp,r cqY

[qp&s

teuWvf ç(èféWêWë ìèªëhí|ëZîeí|ë ëhüé³ñìéWðfûìïïêWñìïõòªíëHù¥éWørìlì|èfë

ëhü¥ëPørúfìéWïðì|é4÷LëJö¾ïíDîGòªîeíìé³ørúªêWîí;ñúªó&SìoîñQPöÂîøì|ïíoñ;ñúªøoèlîñ;ìèªë:ørï÷L÷lúfðfé³øhîeìéWïð

ì|ïî îíéWërìyýïöDí|ë*úféWí|ëh÷Lëhðì|ñ

Tx `yg

p{z|

`

s}

`

be

z

euWbte

[

f~3 îê4ú´îìéWïð-ïeö%îeðîeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðîeðªù-ñúªóªñëúfëhðì

÷îòfòféWðfû ì|ïî¨íëHñïúfí|øhëlñèfïúfê³ùðfïìéWðªørúªíîZñéWûðªéX´øPîeðìéW÷Lòªîørì,îñì|ïZí|ëPù¥ú´ørë

ì|èfë%ïëPí|îê4êë øréWëhð´ørýDé4ð´ù¥é4ðªûì|èfë%ïò¥ì|é4÷zúf÷ÄñïêWú¥ìéWïðzé4ðîêWîíûëCëPð>éWíïðf÷Lëhðì

é³ñêWéëhêWý ì|ï óMëlërü¥òMëhðªñéëîeð´ù'óýZìèªëìéW÷LëìèªëíëHñïúfíoørëèªîñGó´ëPëhðêWï¥øhîì|ëPù'é4ì

(4)

T ^ s [

ûëhðfëPïúªñ%ñý¥ñyì|ëh÷ñ¥êWïîù¨îðªùZøhïð&´ûúfíoîì|é4ïðZîeí|ë,é4ðìëPûíoîeêMöÂîørìïí|ñô¦èfëPðZ÷îPéWðfû

ñ|øoèfëHù¥úfêWé4ðfû,ù¥ëPøhéWñéWïðªñ;ç(èféWêWëøhëhíì|îeéWðlò´îeíoîe÷Lërì|ëhíoñ;øhîðóMë:é³ù¥ëPîê4é³ñëPù@ì|èfëîûëPðìoñ

ùféXw=ëhí|é4ðªû«ôïíê4ïîùfñ

Tmr cq`

s

`

sk[ NcqYu

[

c

[

f GñlîeðUîeíoøoèfé4ìëPørìúfí|ëLïeöìèfé³ñð´îìúªíëøhîðó´ëóMëPøhï÷Lë

éW÷Lò´ïíìoîeðìlì|èªîìzìèfë'îeíoøoèfé4ìëHøìúªíë óMë'ñøPîeêWëPùéWð¬ö¾ëPùfëhíoîìëHùUèféWëhíoîeíoøoèfé³øhîeêJö¾ïí|÷

á6åæoàåà?ä'á

0=?< H!CAV@,ACNFaC\EOuC?E "!:AaH>EO H>FaC\E#O

ç(éì|èféWðzì|èfëö¾í|î÷LëhôïíZîòfòfêWéWøPîìéWïð´ñ8îíë%ørï÷«òMïñëPùzîñ?î,ñëPíéWëPñDïeöªìíoîeðªñ|îørìéWïðªñ;ìèªîeì

îeí|ë'ërü¥ëPøhú¥ìëHù îñýðªøoèªíïðfïúªñêWýUïíéWð ò´îeíoîeêWê4ëPê+ ì|í|îðªñ|îøì|é4ïðøPîeð#ó´ëXøhïðªñé³ù¥ëhí|ëPù

ñëhì ïeö,òfêWîeìö¾ïí÷:é4ðªùfëhòMëhðªù¥ëPðìøhïñì|ñ %èªë

N`be

`Sc

be# `yørïðì|îeéWðfëHùô¦é4ìèféWð(îeð

îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïð

îeðªù0é4ðìëPí|îøì GûëPðìoñ ú¥ì|é4êWé³ñëõìèfëHñëX÷îòªñì|ïûëhìèfëPí¨ô¦é4ìè0èªéWñìïíé³øhîêé4ðfö¾ïí|÷LîeìéWïð

4¾òfí|ëéWïúªñLëhü¥ëPørúfìéWïð ìéW÷Lé4ðfûñïeöñé4÷LéWêWîí ørê³îñ|ñ«ìíoîeðªñ|îørìéWïðªñq7«îeðªù#ørúªíí|ëhðì ñý¥ñìëP÷

îeûëhðì|ñ6ëPðªù¥ëHîïúªí6ìïêWï¥øhîeìëñúféìoîeófêWëøPîeðªùféWùfîeìëñý¥ñyì|ëh÷ñJúfòMïð¨ô¦èféWøoè î,ìoîñ«øPîeðóMë

îeêWê4ï¥øPîìëHùZîðªùZìèfëPðñøoèfëHù¥úfêWë,ìèfëìoîñ¨îøPørïíoù¥éWðfûêWý(4Âñëhë DéWûúfí|ë 7

3CîøoèXìíoîeð´ñîøìéWïðõéWñù¥ëHñéWûð´îìëHùõîñî¨òªîíì|éWøhúfê³îeíørê³îñ|ñ,ïeö:ôïíìïîeêWêWïôÄîeòfòªê4ék

óý ìèªëìíoîeðªñ|îørìéWïð÷îeòìèfí|ïúªûèúªñëlïeö6ñïö±ìyôîíë_¥ïòMëhíoîìéWðfûñýñìëP÷+îðªùðfërìyôïí

ñëPðªñïíoñ

òfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðªñDñøoèªëPù¥úfêWëPùóýìèªë:ëPð>éWíïðf÷Lëhðì8îíëCñúfòfòªê4éWëPùlô¦éì|èlîeðéWðªñì|îðì|éWîeìéWïð

ïeöJî

Gñ;ìèfë:òfí|ïûíoîe÷ éWñ;ërü¥ëPøhú¥ìëHù@Hìèfë q

é³ñµòMïòªúfêWîeìëHùô¦éì|èlù¥ýðªî÷«é³ø6í|úfðìéW÷LëJé4ðfö¾ïí|÷Lîb

ìéWïð ô¦èfé³øoè«é³ñ6í|ërìoîeéWðfëPù«óýìèªëGñøoèªëPù¥úfêWéWðfûîeûëPðì|ñDìïîê4êWïôñúfóªñë*úfëPðì6îòfòfêWéWøPîì|é4ïðªñ

ïeöDìèfëñ|îe÷Lëørê³îñ|ñìïLóMëñøoèªëPù¥úfêWëPùZ÷Lïí|ëë øréWëhðìêWý

0=&

(5)

Time

Resources

Scheduled Environment

System Policies

Scheduler

Prediction

Submitted Application

Application Stub

Histories

New Candidate Systems

User

Dé4ûúfíëvR

Á

`,PuhvyuH`,u;}ya|ao`vyaGvyvyxaDW}h{a

h}y©

uwvyx º¶±Ó

xuxPhvya|8vyxa }yoaoJvyvyxa:}ya _uw}ya}yaoH_}yoa¦ha«H`zo_}}ya|`ev?_yP~PaHdvyao{]¥Huouaoh`lxuvyP}yuaoo¢

Á

;vyxaC|eaCu;a|§aoo_vyaªdu`v}y_{ao`vrvyuP`ao`P}y8vyuaCPvyueuwv¤

uwvyxvyxa ¶±·¸P¹º¸»|¶±¼¾½P¹×¸ d ¥P_rvyu`~,vyxa

ºy¶±Ó

Pooh}u`~Pw¢

îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðóªîñëPù¨úfò´ïð¨ì|èfë,ìéW÷Lé4ðfûñ%ïeöDòªîeíìé³ørúfê³îeí÷îøoèféWðfëørï¥ù¥ë,éWðªñyì|íú´øìéWïð´ñ¦îeðªù

ìèfëPé4íLïíûîeðfé³ñîeìéWïð¬îñ«ñúfó¥ìoîñ¥ñj%èfëíëHñúªêìoîeðì«÷Lï¥ù¥ëPêé³ñ«òªîeíoîe÷Lëhìëhí|é³ñëHù¬ñïõìèªîeì

öÂîørìïíoñCñúªøoè îñCéWðfòfú¥ì%ùfîìoîñéPëðúª÷lóMëhíïeöµòfí|ï¥ørëPñ|ñïíoñîðªùîîeéWêWîófêWë÷Lëh÷Lïí|ý«øPîeð

ó´ëîù];yúªñìëHù¨ì|ïïóªñëhíëìèªëëw=ëPøìïðZëhü¥ëPørúfìéWïðZìéW÷«ë_

Gù¥ïò¥ìéWðfû«îêWîýëhí|ëPùîòfòfí|ïîøoèFS613¬îñ|ñïøhéWîeìëHñJëPîøoèêWîýëhíJô¦é4ìèZîlñërì:ïö;ñòMëPø

ñyì|í|îeìëPûý¨îðªùZìèfëèªîí|ùfôîíë,ëhêWëh÷Lëhðìoñ¦ïeöDìèfëûé-ëhð'îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïð'îeí|ëùfëPñ|ørí|é4óMëPùô¦é4ìè

î'÷LïùfëhêWé4ðfûê³îeðªûúªîûë ðfïô¦ð-îñ1 þ2%èfé³ñéWñzñúªóªñëúfëhðìêWýõøhï÷LòféWê4ëHùUîeðªù

ò´ëHøì|ëPù'ërü¥ëHørú¥ì|é4ïð¨ì|é4÷Lë

ç(èféWê4ë,ìèªëê4éWûèìyôëhéWûèì ëhíoñéWïðZïeö 613 4ðfïô¦ðîñ0613 +µé4ìë7%øPîeðîeê³ñï«ûëPð&

613m+µé4ìëí|ëh÷îeéWðªñ¦ñé4÷LéWêWîí:ì|ïLìèªîeìïeö8ìèfëïíéWûéWðªîeê6613 ÷Lï¥ù¥ëhê

ý'ùfëh÷îeíoøhîeìéWðfû¨îeòªòfê4é³øhîeìéWïðªñ,îñ

N`e

`vc

e

ìèªîeìëPðªøhîòªñúªêWîeìëì|èfëJëhýøhï÷:

ò´ïðfëhðìoñzïöîeðîeòfòfêWé³øhîì|é4ïðørï¥ù¥ë_Cîeð´ù¬ñyì|ïí|é4ðªûî

N`be

`Sc

be,`qì|èªîìù¥ëHñøhíéWó´ëHñ

èfïô]ìèfëlìíoîeðªñ|îørìéWïðªñé4ðìëPíí|ëhê³îì|ëªìèfë«ñøoèfëHù¥úfêWëhíé³ñGîófêWëìï¨÷LîëòMëhíö¾ïí|÷îeðªøhëëPñ?

ìéW÷îìéWïð´ñ,ö¾íï÷ òfí|ëé4ïúªñørïñyìoñô¦èªëhðîeðîeòfòfêWé³øhîì|é4ïð ïíòªîíìoñ,ïeöîð-îòfòfêWéWøPîì|é4ïð

(6)

Subtask

Hardware

Model Parameters

{Predicted Execution Time}

Application

Parallel Template

Transaction Map

Distributed System

Transaction

Application

User and System Policies

{Predicted Execution Strategy}

Dé4ûúfíë8aR

£?xah}yu~Hu`h?® Á

v}y_|vy_}ya«°¾aouvya¨P`Zvyxa,a|Wv²%ao|}yu¥aoGPuhvyuP` {ah`?hµoa|}ya{ea|u`~,P`~H_h~HaH¢µtUxuvJ{hu`evhu`u`~Gvyxayh{a%v}y_vy_}yaHdevyxa u~Hxv

aou~Hxvl® Á {eao?_vyuuaov}h`yh|vyuH`h`{Pvy¨xh}h|vya|}yuaPuhvyuP`

}huw¢

øoèªîeíoîørìëPíé³ñîeìéWïð ìè´îìù¥ékwMëPíëPðì|éWîeìë,ìèªéWñ%ôïíLö¾íï÷Ãìèªë,ïíéWûéWðªîêg613a¥îeðªù¨öÂîøhé4êk

éìoîì|ëPñCìèfë,øoèªîeíoîørìëhí|é³ñîeìéWïðîeðªùùfýð´îe÷LéWøñøoèªëPù¥úfêWéWðfûïeöµêWïô(ôïíêWïîùzîòfòfêWéWøPîì|é4ïðªñ

ñú´øoè'îñ%ô:ëPóîðªùùfîìoîeóªîñëñýñìëP÷ñ

0= J, /E) C/AaHAF

¥øhîêWîóféWê4é4ìyýXîeðªùîùfîò¥ì|îóféWê4é4ìyýXîeí|ëlìyôï ëhýXøoèªîê4êWëhðªûëPñô¦èfëPðéW÷Lòfê4ëP÷LëhðìéWðfû'ñëPíé³ørë

îeíoøoèýïeö?èfï÷Lïûëhðfïúªñ%îeûëhðì|ñ:ìè´îìèªîëì|èfëøhîòªîeóféWêWéì|é4ëHñ%ö¾ïíñëhíéWøhëòfí|ïéWñéWïð

%èfëùféWñìí|é4óªú¥ìëHù0ñý¥ñìëP÷ øhï÷LòMïðfëPðìúªñëPù0îñì|èfëõéWð¥ö¾íoîñìí|úªøì|úfíëõïeöìèªéWñZíë

ñëHîeíoøoè ªé³ñéWêWê4úªñìíoîì|ëPù'éWðBDé4ûúfí|ë ( ìørïð´ñé³ñyìoñïö6î¨ñéWðfûêWëìyýòMëlïeöJøhï÷Lò´ïðfëhðìªì|èfë

îeûëhðì?ô¦èfé³øoèUéWñlúªñëPù-ìï-ørï÷«òMïñëLìèªë¨ëhðì|é4í|ë¨ñýñìëP÷(3CîøoèUîûëhðìèªîñì|èfëZñ|îe÷Lë

ñëhìïöµö¾úfðªørìéWïðªñ%îðªù¨øPîeòªîófé4êWé4ìéWëPñøPîeð¨ñëhð´ù¨îeð´ùíëHørëPé-ëGí|ë*úfëPñì|ñîeðªùZøhîeðZòfí|ïé³ù¥ë

ñëPíé³ørëHñìïLúªñëhíoñ¦îeðªùZïeì|èfëhíîûëhðìoñ

3CîøoèLîûëPðìJòªíïé³ù¥ëPñ6îñ|øoèfëHù¥úfêWëhíCñïìèªîeì:îeòªòfê4é³øhîeìéWïðªñCøhîeðóMëòfí|ëPñëhðì|ëPùzìïlîðý

ëhðé4í|ïðª÷«ëPðìé4ðîeðîeììëP÷Lò¥ììïêWï¥øhîeìëîñúªéìoîeófêWëíëHñïúfíoørëìïí|úfðìèfëlîòfòfêWéWøPîì|é4ïð

%èfëJúªñëhí8éWñ8îeófêWë?ìïñòMëPøhéö¾ý_Hóý,÷LëPîeð´ñµïeöìèªë

îeðúfòfòMëhí8ê4éW÷LéìDïð,ìèªëCërü¥òfêWïíoîì|é4ïð

(7)

A

Federations

Lower

Agents

Upper

Agents

Agent

! "!#$%&'()*(+)&,+-/.0/1!3246587/6- 96(:+3:(/;<=:##>3(/1/2? *+3@*A+"/58"/() &,2B*"*(DCE"/(D@.,"-F(@*1!2?G>*.H"!:1!9&H(D+-/#/7&,.,&H&,(*&,29@*I!;

J

2K&'I+3"!2?3L4-G*2?K/1!324+/2M7>3+"!I9/2K:##>(/1/2?74K*.,.'"-FA&,21N"/(O/1!324%" (1/&,3(FA&HP&H-;

Q$RTS UWVAXZY[]\M^_`^a`b)cb6[bXed

f@g ih/j4kjlmEnE /oApq0ng ij /rnoAj43 =jo3hs3Elt !uvErxwPp>u>myj4AqTpwzjoAmEmton33j4n /uPEr{|

3 I}~<f@g hsp % /m /w9 /rn@yo@n3g =}xo)nj?n /{wPp>u>mE Igyhgp? /roDng u>Eo3hsp? *3

j4ruju> *nyo) /wP *rnDp4qep4ng *@j4 /rn3oDjruo>on3 *wz3 /ophs !o*~f@g `wPp>u>mE w9pnE?j?n !o

ng j /rn@n3pPqT /u> /3j4n %'n3gmp?$ *j4rtukkt /=o)>o)n /wPo=rNpu> *@n3pP shgj4r `nj4ro)|

jhsnEprn3wPEro%jruK3 /op3h* rqTp3wPj4nEpr~f@gEoIjooEo)n3oing 9j *rn%rKqTmmmEEr'no

gEg>|m / /mpl> !h-n3 /o@p4qpknEw9yor{o3hg !u>mErPn3g3pgh*pBpk *j?nEprZ~D>hg /umErt

k3p4mErvj4rtuhspon3rp4qejkkmEEh/j?n3prhsp>u> j43 ik3p?BEu> !uxlBPjEptoAp4n3g *$wPp>u>mE /o/

gyhgj %ErhsmEu> !uNrng j /rn=o>on3 *w~

A

Monitoring System

Transaction Costs

Genetic Algorithm Scheduler

A4 Strategy

A

SNMP Agent

S

%}tAL426&,7.'$+-/#/7&,.,&H&,$"*C0=*1!2?;

f@g *rBBEprwP *rn93 snj4EroPEr>qTp3wxj?nEpr3 *j3ur !o)phs hsprto)wPk>n3pr]j4ru

nEwPro%qTpI !jhgKnj4ro3jhsnEprKErjn3j4lm PgyhgEoIjh*hs !ooElm 9lBp4n3g *j /rno*~96r

(8)

Þµß;àDáJä Gß«à,à6ærâ«ß

ñëPðªñëìèªëìíoîeð´ñîøìéWïðXîðXîeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðXé³ñøhúfí|íëPðì|ê4ýërü¥ëHørú¥ì|é4ðfûU%ôïZñúªøoè÷Lërìèªïù&

ïêWïûé4ëHñ24Âïú¥ì|ê4éWðfëHùéWðL8éWûúªíëÿS7«îeí|ëòfíïé³ù¥ëPù V%èfë ªíoñì«÷Lërì|èfï¥ù ú¥ìéWê4é³ñëPñî îî

óýì|ëPøhïùfëòªîeíoñëPíìïéWðªñìí|úf÷Lëhðì îîb¤óªîñëHùõîòfòfêWéWøPîìéWïð´ñ ïð&¤ìèfë&$ªýg.Q;ì|èfë¨ñëPøhïðªù

ìïûërì|èfëhí

Application

Instrumentation

Network Sensor

UDP

TCP

IP

Java Application

JVM

Instrumentation

Software Sensor

Objects

Agent

Dé4ûúfíëLÿ&R

£?xaGu`v}y_{ao`vhvyuH`L{avyxeLH`vyxaGa|4v¦u_v}hvyaoPWv

r}ya,aoù`~zu`vyxa ^PLvya|oeaH¢«£?xa|H{{,_ùrvyuPù`v}y_{ao`vhvyuH`ªdaou|vyaZH`vyxa}yu~PxvdH_vyuào vyxa¦Pvy_}ya%hv}P`yh|vyuH`h|vyueuvS«¥av

a|ao`zvyxaPuohvyuH`h`«`a|v

P}y©oa|}yo¢

0=?< % +. J EO &A M"/E)&H &C(\E

ðZé4ðìëPíöÂîørëè´îñJóMëhëPð éW÷«òªê4ëP÷«ëPðìëPù¨ô¦èfé³øoè îeêWê4ïôñJìèfëëhðé4í|ïðf÷LëPðìCìïéWðªñìí|úf÷Lëhðì

îîîeòfòfêWé³øhîì|é4ïðªñµç(èféWê4ë%îGðúf÷zó´ëPí8ïö¥ìïïê³ñ8ërü¥éWñìDìïG÷îðfé4òªúfêWîeìëóýì|ëPøhïùfëþ)("!$#O

ìèfé³ññý¥ñyì|ëh÷ îeúfìï÷îeìé³øhîeêWêWýéWù¥ëPðìékªëPñ ëPý.fîíëHîñ:ïeö?îeðZîòfòfêWéWøPîì|é4ïðîðªù¨ù¥ëHñéWûð´îìëHñ

ìèfëP÷ îñlìíoîeð´ñîøìéWïð´ñ%èfë% îîXóýìëHørï¥ù¥ëZîññï¥øré³îì|ëPùUô¦é4ìèëPîøoè¬ìíoîeðªñ|îørìéWïðUé³ñ

ìèfëPð'é4ðªñìí|úf÷Lëhðì|ëPùô¦éì|è_ ' ìíoîeð´ñîøìéWïð÷Lërì|èfï¥ùZéWðï¥øhîeìéWïðªñ

%èfë,òfíï¥øhëPñ|ñéWðfûzîðªù÷îeðªé4òfúªêWîeìéWïð¨ïö& îîlóýì|ëPøhïùfëGé³ñîøoèféWëëHùóýLìèfë,éW÷«òªê4ë

òMëPørék´øPîìéWïð(þ O%èªëòªîeíoñëPíí|ëPîùfñørê³îñ|ñ#ªêWëPñîeð´ùøhíëHîìëHñî¨êWé³ñyìïö:ïóa;yëPøìoñ,ìèªîeì

ù¥ëPñ|ørí|éWó´ëëPê4ëP÷«ëPðì|ñéW÷Lòfê4é³øré4ìì|ïëëPíý) îî'îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïð $%èªéWñlé4ð¥ö¾ïí÷îeìéWïðøhîeðóMë

øoèªîeðªûëPùîñ%í|ë*úféWí|ëPù¨îðªùô¦íé4ìì|ëhð'óªîøLìï îeê4ìëPí%ìèfëøhêWîññ?ªêWëS.ñërü¥ëPøhú¥ìéWïð'òªîeììëPíðF

(9)

ìíoîeðªñ|îørìéWïð R-îíëHørïí|ù é³ñ&ëPò¥ì¨ô¦èfëhìèfëPíìèªëXìíoîeð´ñîøìéWïð ô%îñ î¬ñúªøPørëPñ|ñ*QìèªëXíë

ñòMïð´ñëLì|é4÷Lë ïö:ì|èfëìíoîeð´ñîøìéWïð/QDîðªù-ô¦èfëhí|ë8ô¦èfëhð¬îðªù-èfïô÷îðýXìéW÷«ëHñlù¥úªíéWðfû

;ï

' îð-îòfòfêWéWøPîì|é4ïð éìèªîñó´ëPëhð-ðfëPøhëPñ|ñîíý'éWðõì|èfëòªîñyì,ö¾ïíì|èfëñïö±ìyôîíë

îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðîú¥ìï÷Lîeìé³øhîê4êWýV4Sîñ«ñèfïô¦ðUéWðDéWûúfí|ë$)v7lîeðªù¬ïó¥ìoîeéWðìèfëZò´ëPíö¾ïí÷îeð´ørë

ñyìoîì|éWñìé³øhñ¦ïö8ëHîøoèZìíoîeðªñ|îørìéWïðZùfúfíéWðfûLí|úfðìéW÷«ë_

Original Bytecode

invokeinterface ArmTransaction.getRestTime()

invokevirtual ArmReport.report()

return

start()

ARM Transaction

Transaction UUID

Status

Report Data

Method Information

Performance Information

report()

SNMP Client

Execution Histories

register()

invokevirtual ArmReport.register()

Response Time

Stop Time

stop()

invokeinterface ArmTransaction.stop()

getRespTime()

JAVA Application

Instrumented Method

invokeinterface ArmTransaction.start()

Dé4ûúfíë )R

Á ` Á v}P`yP|vyuP`'uGvr}vyaZ}yuP}¦vydMP`ZvyP¥a¨h4vya|}dMvyxa{a|vyxe

h}yu~Pu`P6evyaooeaH¢«£?xa}yao¥H`avyu{auvyxao`Z}ya|v}yuaoaZ4}yH{ vyxav}h`yPvyuP`XP`Z}ya|¡ ¥h}vyaZu`Z

ÙJÎ½P·¶6ÛG¸h¶Â¸

Haov¢ Á vvyxa,ao`¨hDvyxa,PuhvyuH`a|§ao|_vyuH`ªdMh;h?vyxa

}yao¥h}vyazv}h`yPvyuP` rv,uJ}ya|~Huvya|}yaLu`Lh` ¯ L®XvhaH¢

%èfëé4ð¥ö¾ïí÷îeìéWïð¬í|ëPøhïíoù¥ëPù-ö¾ïízëHîøoèUì|í|îðªñîøì|é4ïð¬éWñ«ù¥ëªðfëPùóý-ìèfë'ørïðªñúª÷«ëPí

é4÷LòfêWëh÷LëPðìoîì|é4ïðZïö;ìèªë ' é4ðìëPíöÂîørë_8ïùfîì|ëì|èfëê4éWûèìyôëhéWûèì:éW÷Lòfê4ëP÷Lëhðì|îeìéWïð

íëHørïí|ùfñJïðfêWýzëhü¥ëPørúfìéWïðLìéW÷LëSQèfïôëëhí6ïeì|èfëhí ' ørïð´ñúf÷LëPíCéW÷«òªê4ëP÷«ëPðì|îì|é4ïðªñ6ö¾ïí

ö¾úfíìèfëPíò´ëPíö¾ïí÷îðªørëñyìoîì|éWñìé³øhñ¦÷îýóMë,òªíïò´ïñëHù@

%èfë

' ìíoîeð´ñîøìéWïðøPîeêWêWñJîê4êWïôìèfëëhðé4í|ïðf÷LëPðì6ì|ïïófì|îeéWðLìíoîeð´ñîøìéWïðLòMëhíN

ö¾ïí|÷îeðªøhëléWð¥ö¾ïí|÷îìéWïð'ö¾í|ï÷ ì|èfëzîòfòfêWéWøPîìéWïðXùfúfíéWðfûZéìoñGëhüëHørú¥ì|é4ïð #%èªéWñé4ðfö¾ïí|÷Lîb

ìéWïðzéWñ8íëhì|îé4ðfëHùòMëhíoñé³ñyì|ëhðìêWýóý,ìèfë%îeòfòªíïòfíé³îì|ëCîeûëhðì8îðªùløPîeðóMë:ú´ñëHùìïñøoèªëPù¥úfêWë

(10)

ëfìoñö¾í|ï÷ ìèªëé4ðfèªëhí|ëhðìíëPúªñë«ïeö%ïóa;yëPøìoñµîðªùèfëhðªøhëóýXørïð´ñé³ù¥ëhí|éWðfûîòfòfêWéWøPîì|é4ïðªñ

ïðfë«îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðXøhîðXîñ|ñé³ñìGé4ðXìèfëzé4ðªñìí|úf÷LëhðìoîìéWïðXîðªùXñ|øoèfëPùfúfê4éWðfû ïöCñúªóªñëúfëhðì

îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðªñ

0=& +.\MPM #ECNFgH aC(\E JLEHI!O CNO

ç(èféWê4ëøhï÷Lòfú¥ìoîì|é4ïðîðªùørï÷«÷zúfðfé³øhîeìéWïðøhîeðªðfïeìXóMë¬ù¥ëPøhïúfòªê4ëHù ëPðìéWíëPê4ý_÷Lîðý

ørïðì|ëhðì èféWûèfêWýòªîeíoîeêWêWëhê8øhï¥ù¥ëµñúªøoèõîñî{'ïðìë1îeí|êWï¨ñéW÷lúªêWîeìéWïð =é³ñéWðfé4ìé³îì|ëPù

óý¬îX÷îñìëPílòfí|ï¥ørëPñ|ñïíì|èªîìLñúªóªñëúfëhðìêWýUù¥é³ñòMëhíoñëHñléWðªù¥ééWùfúªîeêì|îñ8¥ñìï ñê³îë

ð#ìèfé³ñørïðì|ërüì%ì|èfëõørï÷L÷lúfðfé³øhîeìéWïð(óMëhèªîéWïúfí¨ïeöìèfé³ñZòªîeíìé³ørúfê³îeíLìoîñô¦éWêWê

îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïð .ñCëhü¥ëPørúfìéWïð >%èfé³ñCóMëhè´îéWïúªíCé³ñ:øPîeò¥ì|úfíëHùóýL÷«ëHîeðªñCïeöì|èfë

N`be

`Sc

be

øhîð#îêWñï-ó´ëõîeììoîøoèfëHù@ %èfé³ñLëhðªîófê4ëHñLìèªëëîeêWúªîì|é4ïð ñý¥ñyì|ëh÷ ìï÷LïùfëhêGù¥ékw=ëhí|ëhðì

ørï÷lóféWðªîì|é4ïðªñ¦ïöD÷îøoèªé4ðfëHñîeð´ùù¥éXw=ëhí|ëhðìGðªërìyôïíìïò´ïê4ïûéWëPñ%éWðïíoù¥ëhí%ì|ï¨ñøoèªëPù¥úfêWë

îeðªù'øhïð&ªûúfí|ë÷«ïíëëwMëHøìéëPê4ý_hùfù¥é4ìéWïðªîê4êWý ì|èfë

øhîeðòfí|ïéWù¥ëîð'ëPñìéW÷LîeìéWïð

úªîeêWéìyý¨ïeö6ñëPíé³ørëì|îeí|ûëhì|ñì|ï«óMëèfïðfïúfí|ëPù

âzß'åhä?ærâ«ß

%èfé³ñòªîeòMëhílòfíëHñëPðì|ñîeðïëhíéWëhôÄïeö¦î'ê4éWûèìyôëhéWûèìö¾í|î÷«ëPô:ïí'ö¾ïíløoèªîí|îøìëPíé³ñé4ðfû

îeðªù'ñ|øoèfëPùfúfê4éWðfûù¥é³ñyì|íéWófú¥ì|ëPù'îeòªòfê4é³øhîeìéWïðªñ

%èfëíëHñëHîeíoøoèófúféWêWùfñ?úªò´ïðlì|èfë:ûíïúfò .ñ;òMëhíö¾ïí|÷îeðªøhëîðªùlîûëPðìDô:ïí,ì|ï,øhíëHîìë%î

ñyì|í|îeìëPûé³øñ|øoèfëPùfúfê4ëPí%ò´ïñé4ìéWïðfëHù¨îñ 0 ÷LéWùfùfê4ëPôîíë_ ì¦ëh÷øhï÷Lòªîñ|ñëPñ:ìèfëðfïìéWïð

ïeö¦î

y`e

`vc

e'ì|èªîìëPðªøhîòªñúªêWîeìëPñcëhýîíëHîñ,ïeö%îeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðUørï¥ù¥ë_8îeð´ùøPîeò¥ì|úfíëHñ

ìèfëPé4í«óMëhèªîéWïúfíóý-÷LëPîeð´ñïeöîð

N`be

`Sc

e `qZ 1:ï÷lóféWðféWðfûXòfí|ëPù¥é³øì|é4ïð ?òªîñì

î

fîeòfòªê4é³øhîeìéWïðªñ%îeí|ëøoèªîeíoîørìëPíé³ñëHùíoîeòfé³ù¥êWý¨îeðªù'ñ|øoèfëPùfúfê4ëHù¨ëwMëHøì|é-ëhêWý

ìZé³ñ¨ëPðé³ñ|îeûëHùìèªîeìZì|èféWññýñìëP÷ ô¦é4êWêòªíïé³ù¥ëXúªñërö¾úfê,éWðªñéWûèìoñ éWðì|ïófúªé4ê³ù¥éWðfû

ñïeö±ìyô%îeí|ëö¾ïí¦ô¦é³ù¥ëhêWý¨ù¥é³ñòMëhíoñëPùîeðªù'ù¥é³ñyì|íéWófú¥ì|ëPù'ñýñìëP÷ñ

å¨ß'â Gã Gß«à

%èfëîeú¥ì|èfïíoñJôïúfê³ùLêWé-ëìïzërü¥òfí|ëPñ|ñ6ì|èfëhéWí%ûíoîeé4ìúªù¥ëìï 0'j.ñ lçîìoñïð

ëPñëPîí|øoè

1:ëhðìëPía%Lªö¾ïí%ìèªëhéWíørïðì|íéWófú¥ì|é4ïðªñìïô%îeíoùfñ:ìèfé³ñ¦í|ëPñëPîí|øoè

(11)

þ-H %úªùfù UëPíóý¥ñïð 3006îeò´îeëröÂñì|îeìèféWïúF @14 ?ëhí|í|ý BQ0GîíòMëhí

(L¥ç(é4ê³ørïü@613j ;ïïê³ñërìö¾ïíìèfë ?ëPíö¾ïí÷îeð´ørëCíëHù¥éWørìéWïð ïö 6îeíoîeêWêWëhê

îeð´ù é³ñìí|é4ófúfìëPù2ý¥ñyì|ëh÷ñe [ eg` e` s e` s 9XWY [

b `bec [ ^ n & te W v s cq` e r [ c` s q[ be [

`ec [$l

pv[sts

te W (6ïê B %Gï

(¥òªò_8v8"#&8ÿ(K48_v7

þ8 U1îeïU Uëhí|óý¥ñïð a306îòªîeëhöÂñyìoîì|èfé4ïú D%Gúªùfù@0'ï¥ù¥ëhêWêWé4ðfûïö #1

éWûè?ëhíö¾ïí|÷îeðªøhëKòªòfê4é³øhîeìéWïðªñ ñéWðfû_6130 Nc [q[qp teuW Y ee ` s [

b `bec [Kz

euWbte [y[

te W! _ #"

Yaqj4$ \3Cç ."v"v7 íé³ñyì|ïê % úfêWý

*"v"S"Bòªò2 U 8b B

þ930b6îòªîeëhöÂñyìoîì|èfé4ïú U&ëhí|óý¥ñïð S%Gúªùfù@ UìèfëPíì|ïð Gð *4ëhíé4ëPô

ïeö¦ì|èfë21 v?ëPíö¾ïí÷îðªørëCíëHù¥éWørìéWïðj8ïïêWñërìlö¾ïí6îí|îê4êWëhêý¥ñyì|ëh÷ñ!'

Y r ^ e )( ^

be* _e+ `b N` sts[s `be p &d[qpV^ & te W r ]d[ Dê4ïíé³ùfî

4"S"ÿS7CòfòXÿS8!,¥ÿ (

þ PK #% 'éWøhíïñý¥ñìëP÷Lñ îî'(GéWíì|úªîeê 'XîøoèféWðfë9òMëPøhéX´øPîì|é4ïð

./#010324,516 87&9;:0<39=714&0&>?919&@A40$&:B4;.?70

þÿ vªïñìëPí&14ëPñ|ñëhêW÷Lîð D%èªë íé³ù R :êWúfëPòfíéWðì6ö¾ïíCîK%ëhô1:ï÷«òªú¥ìéWðfû ð¥ö¾íoîñ?

ìí|úªørìúfí|ë 'ïíûîeðîú¥ö¾÷îeðfðFfòfò(8!b";&8S"BD4"S"#v7

þ)9 +µëPë 4CMïí|ð R :ýì|ëPørï¥ù¥ë ðªñyì|íúª÷«ëPðìéWðfû;ïïê+ ðféëPí|ñéìyýZïeö6çîñè&

éWðfûeì|ïð4*"v"S) 7

-3./#010D1D1D 734 7E93F39EG<19 3<E50?H

-6F10IJ*K=0=L*6M< N -:F þ!9'

îeèª÷ ýìëK1:ï¥ù¥ë93CðfûéWðfëhëPíéWðfûUuªíëPé4ë Gðfé-ëhí|éWñé4ì|îì ëhí|êWé4ð

./#010&>A7 MF 4&9E5MG7"3O19GPQ6 =0

þ# D1:ïèªëhð U@a1:è´îñë + ?îe÷Lé4ð´ñ8ý ú¥ì|ï÷îì|éWø Cíïûíoîe÷P;íoîeðªñö¾ïí|÷î

ìéWïð'ô¦é4ìè * 30;ëHøoèfðfé³øhîeê 6îò´ëPí

3./010&D1D1D714 <&5M@ <5=0?H;P =7E03239=L"30

þ" U 1îeïU URëhí|óý¥ñïð /%ú´ùfù@{?ëhö¾ïí|÷îeðªøhë3 îeêWúªîì|é4ïðïö%îðGûëPðìN

%îñëPù ëPñïúªí|øhë2'Xîðªîeûëh÷Lëhðì ð¥ö¾íoîñìí|úªøì|úfí|ëZö¾ïí 1:ï÷«òªú¥ìéWðfûBS0 Nn

c [q[yp te W T

z z zVU ^ l e W(/r be ^s}ud[ ^ & te W$`be p Y [ X p

4'õîý{8P_(7H í|éWñóªîðfëaGúªñyì|í|îê4é³î(òfò BY ( #(

þ B êWêWîð B' :í|ïïëS a1:ïñìëhðF ' ç-ëPñìèfëHîù@ í|éWù&¤óªîñëHùéWûè$?ëPíö¾ïí?

÷îeðªøhë1:ï÷«òªú¥ìéWðfû[Z [ cqYuecq` s/x[ ab Y [ \ z5^ ^ sts y`

e % 31

48_v7>aîé4ê³îeóªê4ë,ö¾í|ï÷

3./#010&D1D3D W5M@

-=7 ?7W53@

þ_Hç D+;ëhéWðó´ëPíûëhí ( =úf÷îí ðfö¾ïí|÷LîeìéWïð_?ïôëhí

íé³ù R\%èfë9%Gëhô fí|ïðìéWëhí¦éWð

6îeíoîeêWêWëhê/1:ï÷Lòfú¥ì|é4ðªû3]^ z\z zP^ egc [ egc

(6ïêWúf÷Lë!%Gúf÷lóMëhí! U *,øì|ïóMëhí

ëPørëP÷lóMëhí "S"v"(

(12)

ö¾ïí îî Z

[

cyY&ecq`

sLx[

q N Z/

|

s

r ]d[

0îeéWê³îeófêWë ö¾íï÷

./#010&D3D1D 7 :=P9EG3P=0&G&PL&964E0?7Y:P&G&:?D0EG&:

-:F

þ* P9%èfë)*òMëhð íïúfò Lòªòfê4é³øhîeìéWïð ëHñòMïðªñë_'ëPîñúªíëP÷«ëPðì 4 ññúfë (B' îî

é4ð´ù¥é4ðªû 7/

[

e X N

Z

[

cqYueDcy` s/r

[

chcq`

e'õîeíoøoè 8(_>0îeéWêWîófêWëö¾íï÷

./#010&D3D1D 9E.E6MP3GM9E53. )9G1PM0

þÿ9SGïô:ëHñb' ÷Léì|è + RbJí|ïûí|î÷«÷LéWðfû éWíëHøìïíý 3JðªîófêWëPù9GòfòfêWéWøPîìéWïð´ñ

ô¦é4ìè +µéWûèìyô:ëPé4ûèì

é4í|ëPørìïí|ý GøPørëPñ|ñ0Jí|ïeì|ïøhïê

l

`Sc : sts

`e^Z

[

cqYuecq`

s

Yun

te W4*"v"!S7

þ) U,1îñëV' BfëHù¥ïíV' ¥øoèfò&wñyìoîeêWê+ U

îéWð

1 Hÿ!uR &%'B