Electrical Safety &
Electrical Safety &
Accident Prevention
Accident Prevention
1 1
Accidents
Accidents
An Accident is An Accident is
An unexpected, unplanned, undesired event An unexpected, unplanned, undesired event
or a sequence of a events. or a sequence of a events. that occurs through
that occurs through
a combination of causes a combination of causes
which results in physical harm which results in physical harm ( injury, disease, death)
( injury, disease, death)
to individual, damage to property to individual, damage to property & interruption in completion of an & interruption in completion of an activity or any combination of these activity or any combination of these effects.
effects.
2 2
The causes for occurrence of
The causes for occurrence of
Electrical Accidents
Electrical Accidents
1)
1) Non observation of Non observation of safesafety precautionsty precautions
2)
2) Sub-standard method of construction of lines.Sub-standard method of construction of lines.
3)
3) Sub-standard materials utilized.Sub-standard materials utilized.
4)
4) Improper maintenanceImproper maintenance
5)
5) Improper authorizationImproper authorization
6)
6) IneffIneffective supervision ective supervision at various levelsat various levels
7)
7)
Ineffective earthingIneffective earthing8)
8) Unguarded live lines passing through close proximity of Unguarded live lines passing through close proximity of
telecom lines & densely populated areas
telecom lines & densely populated areas
9)
9) Ignorance of rules & Ignorance of rules & regulationsregulations
10) 10) NegligenceNegligence 11) 11) OverconfidenceOverconfidence 12) 12) CarelessnessCarelessness 33
Remedial measures suggested
Remedial measures suggested
1)
1) Training to line staff Training to line staff 2)
2) Providing ample quantity of safety equipmentsProviding ample quantity of safety equipments
3)
3) Issuing instruction of “safIssuing instruction of “safety of working on ety of working on line” to line staff & making themline” to line staff & making them
aware of importance of following the
aware of importance of following the samesame
4)
4) Providing Providing sufficient quantisufficient quantity of maintenance mty of maintenance material to unit ofaterial to unit officesfices
5)
5) Displaying “siDisplaying “single line diagrams of line ngle line diagrams of line feeders network” on walls of S/Sfeeders network” on walls of S/S
(including latest changes in feeding if any)
(including latest changes in feeding if any)
6)
6) Replacement of deteriorated poor earthingReplacement of deteriorated poor earthing
7)
7) Carrying out pre monsoon/ Carrying out pre monsoon/ post monsoon maintenance well in advancepost monsoon maintenance well in advance
8)
8) Compelling line sCompelling line staff & developing habtaff & developing habit in them it in them to discharge lines to discharge lines at workat work
spot before climbing on it
spot before climbing on it
In other words not to work on
In other words not to work on lines without discharging it (even if permit islines without discharging it (even if permit is
taken, load shedding persists are line is really dead)
taken, load shedding persists are line is really dead) because they should bebecause they should be
aware that line may get charged due to any of the
aware that line may get charged due to any of the reason such as fault inreason such as fault in
switch gear/ line, someone may charge the line by
switch gear/ line, someone may charge the line by oversight, back foversight, back feeding,eeding,
induction etc. & the discharge rod should remain installed on both sides of
induction etc. & the discharge rod should remain installed on both sides of
work spot till the completion of work.
work spot till the completion of work. ALM/LM or any other supervisorALM/LM or any other supervisor
should restrict LH to work
should restrict LH to work on line without don line without discharging it. Should insist to keepischarging it. Should insist to keep
line
Remedial measures suggested
Remedial measures suggested
9)
9)
Providing
Providing
anti
anti
climbing
climbing
devices,
devices,
danger
danger
boards to poles/ structures etc.
boards to poles/ structures etc.
10) Restricting public to construct
10) Restricting public to construct
building
building
below or in vicinity of lines
below or in vicinity of lines
11) Check on theft of energy. Unauthorized
11) Check on theft of energy. Unauthorized
substandard extension
substandard extension
12) Electricity is invisible & do not speak; we
12) Electricity is invisible & do not speak; we
should be alert about its existence. Confirm by
should be alert about its existence. Confirm by
discharge rods before touching it.
discharge rods before touching it.
5
Safety Slogans
Safety Slogans
:-1.
1.
Be safet
Be safet
y minded
y minded
2. No holiday for safety
2. No holiday for safety
3.
3.
If it seems risky, don’t do it.
If it seems risky, don’t do it.
4.
4.
Always
Always
be
be
alert, A
alert, A
void
void
accidents.
accidents.
5. Safety requires careful working.
5. Safety requires careful working.
6. Time is important but safety is far more important.
6. Time is important but safety is far more important.
7. “Always be careful” is the ABC of safety.
7. “Always be careful” is the ABC of safety.
8. Follow the procedure of safety.
8. Follow the procedure of safety.
9. Little care makes mishaps rare.
9. Little care makes mishaps rare.
10. Do not think it is safe make
10. Do not think it is safe make
it sure.
it sure.
1
1
1.
1.
Accident begin
Accident begin
where safety
where safety
ends.
ends.
12.
12.
Guard against risk and work for safety.
Guard against risk and work for safety.
13. Eliminate all shortcuts, while on duty
13. Eliminate all shortcuts, while on duty
14. Where vigilance ends accident begin.
14. Where vigilance ends accident begin.
15. Don’t trust luck, trust to safety.
16.
16.
If a job is too big
If a job is too big for you, get help don’t get hurt.
for you, get help don’t get hurt.
17. Never feel sure that you are
17. Never feel sure that you are
safe.
safe.
18. Jokes begun in fun can end in tragedy.
18. Jokes begun in fun can end in tragedy.
19. Life is short and precious don’t make
19. Life is short and precious don’t make
it
it
shorter by carelessness.
shorter by carelessness.
20. Do not take chances with your life follow
20. Do not take chances with your life follow
safety
safety
rules meticulously
rules meticulously
Above slogans are the k
Safety Norms in an EHV S/Stn
Safety Norms in an EHV S/Stn
.
.
1)
1) Presently Presently there is there is no codino codified norms fied norms prescribed prescribed for safety for safety inin
EHV S/Stn. however some norms are in circular or
EHV S/Stn. however some norms are in circular or letter form.letter form.
2)
2) FollFollowinowing are the proposg are the proposed safeted safety norms bay norms based on 37 yeased on 37 yearsrs
experience.
experience.
i)
i) In In ExExtrtra oa ordrdininarary y cocondndititioionn a)
a) Like Like earth earth quakquake, lae, land snd slide lide & s& sinkiinking of ng of landland, , in sin suchuch
conditions precaution to be taken in adopting safe building
conditions precaution to be taken in adopting safe building
technology and precaution for power
technology and precaution for power transformer installatitransformer installationon
like pro
like providing tempoviding temporary breakrary breaks to s to transformer wtransformer wheels & heels & soilsoil
treatment etc.
treatment etc.
b)
b) StormStorms, Fls, Floods aoods and othnd other nater natural cural calamalamitesites
c)
c) TTerrorerrorist attist attack & Wack & War condar conditioitionn
d)
d) PublPublic aic and Snd Staftaff af agitagitationtion
9 9
ii) In ordinary condition
ii) In ordinary condition a)
a) EHV EHV S/Stn S/Stn is is a pra prohibohibited ited area.area.
b)
b) The area The area shall be shall be well fencwell fenced and ed and properly loproperly locked and cked and entry of entry of
outside person and animal prohibited for any purpose.
outside person and animal prohibited for any purpose.
c)
c) PropProper wer watch atch and and ward ward shalshall be l be keptkept..
d)
d) The S/SThe S/Stn. shatn. shall be consll be constructtructed mained maintaintained and operaed and operated asted as
per I.E. act rules and other
per I.E. act rules and other statutory acts and regulationsstatutory acts and regulations
applicable.
applicable.
e)
e) Earthing Earthing is a is a heart of heart of electricielectricity to aty to avoid any void any damage to damage to humanhuman
life and equipment and shall be provided as per I.S. 3043 and
life and equipment and shall be provided as per I.S. 3043 and
maintained so that touch potential and step potential and earth
maintained so that touch potential and step potential and earth
fault loop impedance remains within permissible limit.
fault loop impedance remains within permissible limit.
10 10
f) All structures, equipment, shall be installed, maintained and
f) All structures, equipment, shall be installed, maintained and
operated as per I.E. act and
operated as per I.E. act and concerned rule, methods of concerned rule, methods of
constructions and practices according to it and all equipments
constructions and practices according to it and all equipments
and structures shall be as per concerned I.S. standard and
and structures shall be as per concerned I.S. standard and duedue
attention shall be given to the maintenance schedule prepared
attention shall be given to the maintenance schedule prepared
by department for each item also the
by department for each item also the maintenancemaintenance
Recommendations of the manufacture shall be given due
Recommendations of the manufacture shall be given due
weightage to avoid equipment failure, fires and break downs.
weightage to avoid equipment failure, fires and break downs.
Some important items are given below.
Some important items are given below.
1. Precaution for power T/F
1. Precaution for power T/F replacementreplacement, installation and, installation and
handling.
handling.
2. Regarding battery.
2. Regarding battery.
3. Bursting
3. Bursting of CTof CT, , PT PT and LAand LA
4. Crushed Stone and grown up grass in switch yard.
4. Crushed Stone and grown up grass in switch yard.
5. Monkey troubles.
g) Fires :- Causes of Fires
g) Fires :- Causes of Fires
1. Sparking in S/Stn. due to loose contact.
1. Sparking in S/Stn. due to loose contact.
2. Fire due
2. Fire due to Tto Transformransformer failure CT er failure CT PT PT & catching of & catching of fire byfire by
oil mainly due to failure of bushings.
oil mainly due to failure of bushings.
3. Precaution to be taken in
3. Precaution to be taken in this regard.this regard.
4. Dry grass in
4. Dry grass in S/Stn. area.S/Stn. area.
5. Cable faults.
5. Cable faults.
6. Burning of Control cable
6. Burning of Control cable due to increase in ground due to increase in ground potentialpotential
rise due to tripping.
rise due to tripping.
7. Flash over in Indoor
h) Precautionary measures.
h) Precautionary measures.
1. Every power T/F shall be provided with fire
1. Every power T/F shall be provided with fire protectionprotection
scheme and oils sockpit shall be provided with proper drainage
scheme and oils sockpit shall be provided with proper drainage
arrangement
arrangement
2. Providing and installing fire fighting equipment in complete
2. Providing and installing fire fighting equipment in complete
S/Stn. area as per the
S/Stn. area as per the norms provided by fire officer of thenorms provided by fire officer of the
department and staff shall be well trained in handling fire
department and staff shall be well trained in handling fire
situation and regular drill shall be taken
situation and regular drill shall be taken every year the fireevery year the fire
protection equipme
protection equipment shall be nt shall be tested and refilling done.tested and refilling done.
3. Fire alarm and
3. Fire alarm and siren shall be provided.siren shall be provided.
4. Safety instruction shall be display in this regard at important
4. Safety instruction shall be display in this regard at important
locations.
locations.
I) To carry out safety audit regularly
I) To carry out safety audit regularly
j) Storing of ma
j) Storing of material and housterial and house kipping of S/Se kipping of S/Stn. shall be vtn. shall be veryery
clean and suitable for free moments and gating
clean and suitable for free moments and gating required thingsrequired things
very easily whenever required.
very easily whenever required.
k) Illumination :- The illumination intensity shall be measured and
k) Illumination :- The illumination intensity shall be measured and
monitored regularly
l) All precautions shall be taken to avoid theft.
l) All precautions shall be taken to avoid theft.
m) Rains and control room leakages and there effects and other
m) Rains and control room leakages and there effects and other
seasonal precautions.
seasonal precautions.
n) Communication
n) Communication
o) In every S/Stn. logging of every instance shall be there and
o) In every S/Stn. logging of every instance shall be there and
event recorder installed.
Safety T & P
Safety T & P
•
•
Earthing & Discharge Rods.
Earthing & Discharge Rods.
•
•
Ladders, safety belts.
Ladders, safety belts.
•
•
Operating Rods
Operating Rods
•
•
Hand gloves
Hand gloves
–
–
insulated.
insulated.
•
•
Insulated pliers, Neon
Insulated pliers, Neon
tester
tester
s.
s.
•
•
Insulated Platform, rubber mats
Insulated Platform, rubber mats
15
Discharge Rods
Discharge Rods
•
• 5 to 6 m long5 to 6 m long
•
• Earthing wire to be connected to an effective earth first & thenEarthing wire to be connected to an effective earth first & then the rod to be hooked to conductor.
the rod to be hooked to conductor.
•
• While removing, reverse sequence to be followed.While removing, reverse sequence to be followed.
16
Insulated hand gloves
Insulated hand gloves
•
•
To be invariably used where accidental contact of
To be invariably used where accidental contact of
operating person with live parts is likely i.e.
operating person with live parts is likely i.e.
when
when
(i)
(i)
operating
operating
G.O.D.,
G.O.D.,
D.O.
D.O.
sets
sets
(ii)
(ii)
Opening
Opening
/closing
/closing
isolator
isolator
s.
s.
(iii)
(iii)
W
W
orking
orking
near
near
live
live
lines
lines
•
•
Should withstand 10 KV for one minute.
Should withstand 10 KV for one minute.
•
•
Gloves with leakage current of more than
Gloves with leakage current of more than
10 milliamps to be rejected.
10 milliamps to be rejected.
17
Maintenance of hand gloves
Maintenance of hand gloves
•
•
Should be carried in
Should be carried in
canv
canv
as/leather bag.
as/leather bag.
•
•
Should be stored in dry container with no sharp
Should be stored in dry container with no sharp
edges. If stored & not used for more than six
edges. If stored & not used for more than six
months testing to be done
months testing to be done
•
•
Not be exposed
Not be exposed
to extreme heat or cold.
to extreme heat or cold.
•
•
Oil is the enemy of gloves.
Oil is the enemy of gloves.
•
•
Not to be soiled with oil, tar, paint etc.
Not to be soiled with oil, tar, paint etc.
•
•
Should be free from cuts, scratches, holes.
Should be free from cuts, scratches, holes.
18
The points which are neglected for
The points which are neglected for accidents likely to takeaccidents likely to take
place
place
1) In this regard the Indian electricity rules : 1956 rule 42
1) In this regard the Indian electricity rules : 1956 rule 42
says
says..
The owners of all circuits and
The owners of all circuits and apparatus shall so arrangeapparatus shall so arrange
them that there shall be no danger of any part thereof
them that there shall be no danger of any part thereof
becoming accidentally charged to any voltage beyond the limits
becoming accidentally charged to any voltage beyond the limits
by voltage for which they are
by voltage for which they are intended.intended.
2
2)) Responsibility of Individual Employees:-Responsibility of Individual
Employees:-The responsibility of Individuals is to act so as to provided.
The responsibility of Individuals is to act so as to provided.
i) Safety to Self.
i) Safety to Self.
ii) Safety to fellow employees.
ii) Safety to fellow employees.
iii) Protection to the public.
iii) Protection to the public.
iv) Protection to
3) Responsibility of Supervisors
3) Responsibility of Supervisors :-Superviso
Supervisors have rs have the definite responsibility of ensuring the definite responsibility of ensuring thethe
following
following
i) Safe working conditions.
i) Safe working conditions.
ii) Necessary protective equipment and its use.
ii) Necessary protective equipment and its use.
iii) Properly maintained tools and
iii) Properly maintained tools and equipment.equipment.
iv) Properly planned work performed in a safe manner.
iv) Properly planned work performed in a safe manner.
v) Application of the general & special safety instructions by
v) Application of the general & special safety instructions by
their workmen.
their workmen.
vi) Assignment of employees to jobs which they are capable of
vi) Assignment of employees to jobs which they are capable of
doing
doing safetysafety..
vii) Immediate steps to correct any violation of safety rules
4) Each Supervisor shall make certain that his men
4) Each Supervisor shall make certain that his men
understand the following
understand the following :-i) Work to be done.
i) Work to be done.
ii) Hazards that may be encountered.
ii) Hazards that may be encountered.
iii) Proper procedure for doing the work safety.
iii) Proper procedure for doing the work safety.
5) Frequent periodic inspections of construction, operation
5) Frequent periodic inspections of construction, operation
and maintenance of equipments, materials, work areas,
and maintenance of equipments, materials, work areas,
conditions and methods should be made by
conditions and methods should be made by supervisorssupervisors
as a part of their routine duty. Such inspections are
as a part of their routine duty. Such inspections are
essential to prevent
essential to prevent fires and Accidents.fires and Accidents.
6) The rout cause of types of
6) The rout cause of types of accident likely to take place inaccident likely to take place in
EHV S/S and on EHV lines in
EHV S/S and on EHV lines in negligence to the abovenegligence to the above
point.
Types of accidents.
Types of accidents.
A)
A) EHEHV S/SV S/Stn. :tn. :- -i)
i) FlaFlash osh over ver durduring ing worworkiking ong on in indondoor por paneanels.ls.
ii)
ii) ImprImproper usoper use of die of dischascharge rods rge rods and wrand wrong opong operatierations anons andd
failure of tools.
failure of tools.
iii)
iii) Bursting Bursting of CT of CT PT PT and falland falling hot ing hot oil on oil on supervisosupervisor or per or person.rson.
iv)
iv) Falling from hFalling from height due to non ueight due to non use of safety dse of safety devices.evices.
v)
v) AccAccididentental cal charhargingingg
vi)
vi) Bursting of LA Bursting of LA and injuring the persons in swiand injuring the persons in switch yard.tch yard.
vii) Due to non
vii) Due to non checking of soil for unloading power T/F andchecking of soil for unloading power T/F and
careless working
B) Lines
B) Lines :-i
i)) ImImpproropper er cclleeararanancceses
ii)
ii) WWorkorking ing on on wrowrong cng circircuiuitt
iii)
iii) not not following following safety safety instructionsinstructions
iv)
iv) failfailure of ure of tooltoolss
v)
v) WhiWhile ele excaxcavativation duon due to e to blasblastingting
vi)
vi) during line conduring line construction such struction such as tower errectioas tower errection stringing andn stringing and
crossing of roads etc.
crossing of roads etc.
vii) During transport.
vii) During transport.
23 23
Authorisation
Authorisation
•
• For being eligible to apply for & obtain permit, the employeeFor being eligible to apply for & obtain permit, the employee must be `authorized
must be `authorized’’ by theby the `competent’`competent’ authority.authority.
•
• Person issuing permit is `competentPerson issuing permit is `competent’’ person (E.E. or in chargeperson (E.E. or in charge operator)
operator)
•
• Person receiving permit isPerson receiving permit is `authorized’`authorized’ person.person.
24
Authorisation
Authorisation
Under Section 3, Sub-rule (3) of I.E. Rules 1956.
Under Section 3, Sub-rule (3) of I.E. Rules 1956.
•
•
“No
“No
person shall be deemed to be
person shall be deemed to be
`authorized’
`authorized’
unless his name has been entered in
unless his name has been entered in
`authorization list
`authorization list
’
’
maintained at the office of
maintained at the office of
the person authorizing him.
the person authorizing him.
”
”
•
•
Purpose of authorization to be mentioned. Entry
Purpose of authorization to be mentioned. Entry
in the list to be attested by
in the list to be attested by
`authorizing’
`authorizing’
&
&
authorized persons.
authorized persons.
25
Authorisation List
Authorisation List
•
•
To be produced before Electrical Inspector
To be produced before Electrical Inspector
whenever required.
whenever required.
•
•
Inspector may amend / cancel authorisation.
Inspector may amend / cancel authorisation.
•
•
To be exhibited in Sub-stations/Distribution
To be exhibited in Sub-stations/Distribution
Centres.
Centres.
•
•
Will clearly state the area of authorisation (I.e.
Will clearly state the area of authorisation (I.e.
name of S/S, names of lines etc.)
Authorisation List
Authorisation List
•
• Will clearly state the area of authorization (i.e. name of S/S,Will clearly state the area of authorization (i.e. name of S/S, names of lines etc.)
names of lines etc.)
•
• To be maintained in the office of S.E. (O&M) E.E. (O&M) of To be maintained in the office of S.E. (O&M) E.E. (O&M) of area.
area.
•
• To include names of testing staff given by E. E. (Testing)To include names of testing staff given by E. E. (Testing)
27
Authorization
Authorization
•
• As per I.E. rules 1956, section 36, As per I.E. rules 1956, section 36, sub section (2)sub section (2)
No person shall work on any electric line or apparatus and no No person shall work on any electric line or apparatus and no person shall assist such person unless authorized to carry out person shall assist such person unless authorized to carry out that work.
that work.
28
Line clear Permit
Line clear Permit
•
• Authorized person should apply for issue of permit toAuthorized person should apply for issue of permit to competent person on the back side of O/C of permit.
competent person on the back side of O/C of permit.
•
• Issuer of permit to cut off juice to the equipment/line,Issuer of permit to cut off juice to the equipment/line, discharge and earth it before issue of permit.
discharge and earth it before issue of permit.
29
Permit taken on phone
Permit taken on phone
•
•
`Taker’
`Taker’
of permit to clearly state his name,
of permit to clearly state his name,
designation, equipment/line on which permit
designation, equipment/line on which permit
needed and purpose.
needed and purpose.
•
•
`Issuer’
`Issuer’
to note down the above in a specially
to note down the above in a specially
maintained permit book, give code word &
maintained permit book, give code word &
number & record it.
number & record it.
•
•
`Taker’
`Taker’
to repeat the above and give his code
to repeat the above and give his code
word & number to issuer.
word & number to issuer.
30
Permit on phone
Permit on phone
•
•
While returning the permit, the
While returning the permit, the
`taker’
`taker’
to state
to state
the code word/number given by
the code word/number given by
`issuer’,
`issuer’,
confirm
confirm
removal of earth and men from the line.
removal of earth and men from the line.
•
•
Permit taken in person can be returned on
Permit taken in person can be returned on
phone.
phone.
•
•
Duplicate copy of permit to be sent by post by
Duplicate copy of permit to be sent by post by
`issuer’
`issuer’
to
to
`taker’
`taker’
of permit subsequently after
of permit subsequently after
cancelling it.
cancelling it.
31
Self Permit
Self Permit
•
•
Here,
Here,
`issuer’
`issuer’
& taker of permit is one & the
& taker of permit is one & the
same. (when only one authorized person is
same. (when only one authorized person is
available).
available).
•
•
He should isolate, discharge, earth the
He should isolate, discharge, earth the
equipment/line, hang `men working on line, Do
equipment/line, hang `men working on line, Do
not
not
charge’
charge’
board on switch, take written permit
board on switch, take written permit
after clear logging & then work.
after clear logging & then work.
32
Logging of Permit
Logging of Permit
•
•
All operations done before & after issue of
All operations done before & after issue of
permit to be logged. Also those done by remote
permit to be logged. Also those done by remote
end to be logged.
end to be logged.
•
•
Issuer of permit
Issuer of permit
may change after end of shift.
may change after end of shift.
•
•
Outgoing operator to clearly inform in writing &
Outgoing operator to clearly inform in writing &
orally about pending permits.
orally about pending permits.
•
•
Though
Though
`issuer’
`issuer’
may change,
may change,
`taker’
`taker’
should
should
himself return permit.
himself return permit.
33
Precautions by Issuer
Precautions by Issuer
•
•
Limits of line clear permit area to be
Limits of line clear permit area to be
clearly mentioned in the permit and
clearly mentioned in the permit and
told orally to the Receiver of permit
told orally to the Receiver of permit
e.g.
e.g.
:-`Isolator is live on the other
`Isolator is live on the other
side’
side’
in
in
the
the
feeder b
feeder b
ay
ay
.
.
34
Precautions by Issuer
Precautions by Issuer
H.T. feeder
H.T. feeder
–
–
Radial
Radial
•
•
Open controlling circuit breaker & open isolators
Open controlling circuit breaker & open isolators
on both sides.
on both sides.
•
•
Close earth switch if isolator `with E.B.
Close earth switch if isolator `with E.B.
’
’
provided
provided
& mention in the permit.
& mention in the permit.
•
•
If earth switch non-existent, provide discharge &
If earth switch non-existent, provide discharge &
earthing rods.
earthing rods.
35
Precautions by Issuer
Precautions by Issuer
H.T. feeder fed from both sides
H.T. feeder fed from both sides
•
•
Obtain permit from the other end.
Obtain permit from the other end.
•
•
Inform
Inform
earthing
earthing
position
position
of
of
sending end & note down position
sending end & note down position
at other end.
at other end.
36
Precautions by Permit holder
Precautions by Permit holder
on H.T. lines.
on H.T. lines.
•
•
Discharge
Discharge
& ea
& ea
rth
rth
each
each
conductor
conductor
.
.
•
•
Retain earthing in firm condition
Retain earthing in firm condition
on either side of the work
on either side of the work
location.
location.
37
Precautions by Permit holder
Precautions by Permit holder
On one of the circuits when other circuit is live on
On one of the circuits when other circuit is live on
H.T. D/C line.
H.T. D/C line.
•
•
Only works of minor nature such as renewing
Only works of minor nature such as renewing
insulator binding etc. to be done.
insulator binding etc. to be done.
•
•
Safety belt, rope to be used.
Safety belt, rope to be used.
•
•
Minimum distance of 1050 mm to be maintained
Minimum distance of 1050 mm to be maintained
from live circuit.
from live circuit.
•
Earthing
Earthing
–
–
definition
definition
•
•
Connecting the portion of an
Connecting the portion of an
equipment, support structure,
equipment, support structure,
enclosure associated with an
enclosure associated with an
electric system to General mass of
electric system to General mass of
earth.
earth.
39
Purpose of earthing
Purpose of earthing
•
•
Safety of human beings / animals
Safety of human beings / animals
coming in or likely to come in
coming in or likely to come in
contact with electrical installation.
contact with electrical installation.
•
•
Proper/desired operation of
Proper/desired operation of
`System’
`System’
40
Safety earthing
Safety earthing
•
• Metal enclosures of C.B.s, C.T.s, PTs, tanks of PowerMetal enclosures of C.B.s, C.T.s, PTs, tanks of Power transformers, support towers, poles, stays, operating handles transformers, support towers, poles, stays, operating handles of isolators, A. B. Switches, feeder pillars etc. which are of isolators, A. B. Switches, feeder pillars etc. which are desired to be at earth potential, are earthed
desired to be at earth potential, are earthed
.
.
41
System Earthing
System Earthing
•
•
Neutrals of star connected windings of power
Neutrals of star connected windings of power
transformers solidly connected to earth for
transformers solidly connected to earth for
speedy isolation of earth fault & avoiding
speedy isolation of earth fault & avoiding
`oscillating
`oscillating
neutral’
neutral’
.
.
•
•
Thus, lower phase voltage in loaded phase and
Thus, lower phase voltage in loaded phase and
high voltage in lightly loaded phases avoided.
high voltage in lightly loaded phases avoided.
•
•
Otherwise voltage of healthy phases of
Otherwise voltage of healthy phases of
transf
transf
ormers rise
ormers rise
leading to insulation
leading to insulation
failur
failur
e.
e.
42
Safe body current
Safe body current
From Biological research, human
From Biological research, human
body can
body can
toler
toler
ate
ate
-10 milliamps of sustained body current -10 milliamps of sustained body current
-100 milliamps of short-time body current for less than one -100 milliamps of short-time body current for less than one
second. second.
43
Accident Prevention
Accident Prevention
1.1. EverEvery acciy accident cdent can be avoan be avoided iided if earthf earthing is peing is perfectrfect, safe, safetyty
devices used and maintained as per Indian standard and I.E.
devices used and maintained as per Indian standard and I.E.
rules and safety instruction followed given I.E. rules and
rules and safety instruction followed given I.E. rules and
various Indian Standard during
various Indian Standard during working.working.
2.
2. consconstructtruction ion mainmaintenatenance nce and and operaoperation tion carricarried ed out out as as per per
I.E. rules, methods of
I.E. rules, methods of construction and concerned Indianconstruction and concerned Indian
standards and all safety slogans followed and workers and
standards and all safety slogans followed and workers and
supervisor understand there responsibility and public follow
supervisor understand there responsibility and public follow
directives as per Indian electricity rules 1956 rule 82
Reporting & Investigation of Electrical
Reporting & Investigation of Electrical
A
A
c
c
c
c
i
i
d
d
e
e
n
n
ts
ts
•
•
All out efforts are usually made
All out efforts are usually made
to ensure that no
to ensure that no
electrical accidents happened, inspite of best
electrical accidents happened, inspite of best
efforts.
efforts.
•
•
It is
It is
seen
seen
that
that
a f
a f
ew accident
ew accident
s do happen
s do happen
here &
here &
there including in the consumers’ premises.
there including in the consumers’ premises.
•
•
In such
In such
situations, a definite procedure for
situations, a definite procedure for
reporting such accidents has been laid down in
reporting such accidents has been laid down in
the electricity act 2003 & IE Rules 1956.
the electricity act 2003 & IE Rules 1956.
45
Section 161( Notice of accidents & Section 161( Notice of accidents & enquires) of electricity act 2003.enquires) of electricity act 2003.
•
• This clause provide for giving notice/intimation of accidents occThis clause provide for giving notice/intimation of accidents occurring inurring in
connection with Generation, Tr
connection with Generation, Transmission, Distribution or use ansmission, Distribution or use of of
electricity on lines & electrical plant, to the electrical inspector
electricity on lines & electrical plant, to the electrical inspector
•
• The electrical inspector or any other officer appointed in this behalf hasThe electrical inspector or any other officer appointed in this behalf has
the powers to enquire & report as to the
the powers to enquire & report as to the cause& the manner & extent tocause& the manner & extent to
which safety povisions have been complied with.
which safety povisions have been complied with.
•
• Under this clause, the electrical inspector has pUnder this clause, the electrical inspector has powerowers of civil court unders of civil court under
the code of civil
the code of civil procedure, 1908 fprocedure, 1908 for the purpose of or the purpose of enforcing theenforcing the
attendance of withness & compelling the production of
attendance of withness & compelling the production of documents &documents &
material objects.
material objects.
46
IE Rule 44 A
IE Rule 44 A
•
• If any accidents occurs in connection with If any accidents occurs in connection with thethe
generation, tr
generation, transmission, supply or use of ansmission, supply or use of energy in or inenergy in or in
connection with, any part of the
connection with, any part of the electric supply lines orelectric supply lines or
other works of any person & the accidents results in or
other works of any person & the accidents results in or isis
likely to hav
likely to have resulted in the e resulted in the loss of human loss of human or animal lifeor animal life
or any injury to a human being or an animal.
or any injury to a human being or an animal. •
• such person or any authorized person of the Statesuch person or any authorized person of the State
Electric Board/ supplier
Electric Board/ supplier, not below , not below the rank of the rank of the Juniorthe Junior
Engineer or equivalent shall sent to the inspector a
Engineer or equivalent shall sent to the inspector a
telegraphic r
telegraphic report within 24 hours of eport within 24 hours of the knowledge of the knowledge of
the occurrence of
the occurrence of the fatal accident.the fatal accident. •
• And a written report in the form set oAnd a written report in the form set out in annexure XIIIut in annexure XIII
within 48 hrs. of the k
within 48 hrs. of the knowledge of occurrence of fatal &nowledge of occurrence of fatal &
all other accidents.
•
• Where practicable a telephonic message should also Where practicable a telephonic message should also bebe
given to the inspector immediately after the accidents
given to the inspector immediately after the accidents
come to the knowledge of the author
come to the knowledge of the authorized officer of theized officer of the
State Electric Board/ Supplier or other person concerned.
State Electric Board/ Supplier or other person concerned. •
• After reporting to After reporting to the electrical inspectorthe electrical inspector, such accidents, such accidents
are investigated by the executive engineer/
are investigated by the executive engineer/
superintending engineer in detail to
superintending engineer in detail to decide the exactdecide the exact
cause
cause of of the acthe accident, cident, to to pay pay compensation compensation to to thethe
victims as per the
victims as per the law & tlaw & to fix up ro fix up responsibility esponsibility for thefor the
accident & undertake remedial measures to
accident & undertake remedial measures to avoideavoide
recurrence.
recurrence.
48
Annexure XIII
Annexure XIII
•
• This is a This is a prescribed form for reporting electrical accidentsprescribed form for reporting electrical accidents
to the electrical inspector.
to the electrical inspector. •
• A copy of this form should also A copy of this form should also be sent to the concernedbe sent to the concerned
police station & district magistrat
police station & district magistrate of the e of the area.area.
49