Site Visit Report

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SITE VISIT REPORT

Bachelor of Quantity Surveying

Semester 1

2015

NAME

––

Karen Lim Shi Chee

STUDENT NUMBER

––

0329431

SUBJECTS

-Measurement 1 Sr. Ang Fuey Lin

Measurement 1 Sr. Ang Fuey Lin

Building Material Dr. Myzatul Aishah Kamarazaly

Construction

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TITLES

PAGES

TITLES

PAGES

1

1 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

3

2

2 OBJECTIVE

OBJECTIVE

4

3

3 PROJECT

PROJECT SUMMARY

SUMMARY

5

4 4 TECHNICAL

TECHNICAL OBSERVATION

OBSERVATION

6-16

5

5 CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION

17

Content

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This is a report on a site

This is a report on a site visit to avisit to a

construction site. This is an assignment construction site. This is an assignment that related to three modules which are that related to three modules which are Measurement 1, Construction Technology Measurement 1, Construction Technology 1 and Building Material.

1 and Building Material.

The construction site visit was organized The construction site visit was organized on 23

on 23rdrd November 2016-Wednesday by November 2016-Wednesday by our lectures. The construction site named our lectures. The construction site named Taman Impian Murni and it is locate in Taman Impian Murni and it is locate in Shah Alam Selangor. This project is Shah Alam Selangor. This project is residential houses. There are 42 unit residential houses. There are 42 unit

double storey terrace house & three storey double storey terrace house & three storey terrace house.

terrace house.

The purpose of the site visit was simple The purpose of the site visit was simple which is we needed to understand and which is we needed to understand and visualise the theory that lectures taught in visualise the theory that lectures taught in

Construction site in Shah Alam Construction site in Shah Alam

Introduction

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

 To understand the practical aspect of construction teTo understand the practical aspect of construction techniques in comparison tochniques in comparison to the theory aspect in books and its application on site.

the theory aspect in books and its application on site.



 A chance to students for learning and observe the usage of maA chance to students for learning and observe the usage of ma chinery at thechinery at the construction site such as concrete mixer, excavator and crane.

construction site such as concrete mixer, excavator and crane.



 Experiencing and learning more about construction site environment that willExperiencing and learning more about construction site environment that will face while I become a Quantit

face while I become a Quantity Surveyor on site.y Surveyor on site.



 Learning about the basic process of construction site by observe a Learning about the basic process of construction site by observe a realreal construction site and combine with theory which lecture taught in class. construction site and combine with theory which lecture taught in class.



 Awareness the importance of personal safety on site and action that we need toAwareness the importance of personal safety on site and action that we need to take to avoid happening of accident and injured. Such as we required to wear take to avoid happening of accident and injured. Such as we required to wear covered shoe and safety helmet.

covered shoe and safety helmet.



 Explore and identify various type of building materials and technology thatExplore and identify various type of building materials and technology that used for constructing a building.

used for constructing a building.

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 Enable us to understand the sequences of constructing a building and someEnable us to understand the sequences of constructing a building and some building structures.

building structures.

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 Gain more information and some experience from people in charge of our siteGain more information and some experience from people in charge of our site visit by asking question.

visit by asking question.



 Exposure to actual working environment on siExposure to actual working environment on site including uncertaintyte including uncertainty circumstances e.g. weather

circumstances e.g. weather

Objective

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Contract

Contract value value RM RM 11million11million Commencement

Commencement Date Date March March 20162016 Completion

Completion Date Date Jun Jun 20182018 Number of Units

Number of Units 4242 Property

Property Type Type Double Double Storey Storey Terrace Terrace House House & & ThreeThree Storey Terrace House

Storey Terrace House Location

Location Jalan Jalan Haji Haji Yusof, Yusof, Shah Shah Alam, Alam, SelangorSelangor Developed

Developed by by Khas Khas Perkasa Perkasa Sdn Sdn Bhd Bhd (Subsidiary (Subsidiary ofof Purcon Sdn Bhd)

Purcon Sdn Bhd) Architect

Architect Tan’ck ArchitectTan’ck Architect Contractor

Contractor Pembinaan Purcon Pembinaan Purcon SDN.BHD.SDN.BHD. Civil

Civil and and Structure Structure Engineer Engineer VED VED engineers engineers SDN.BHD.SDN.BHD. Mechanical

Mechanical and and Electrical Electrical Engineer Engineer BSD BSD Associates Associates SDN.BHDSDN.BHD

Project summary

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This site visit is organized on 23

This site visit is organized on 23rdrd November 2016. A total of approximatel November 2016. A total of approximately 50 studentsy 50 students join this

join this site visit. Bsite visit. Before we efore we went for went for the site the site visit, our visit, our lectures gave lectures gave us a us a briefing aboutbriefing about the safety precautions that we should be alert of we enter the construction site. On the the safety precautions that we should be alert of we enter the construction site. On the day we visit, we gather outside the construction site at 9.00am.We went there by day we visit, we gather outside the construction site at 9.00am.We went there by carpooling with our friends.

carpooling with our friends. This journey take around 30 minutes by car This journey take around 30 minutes by car from Taylor’sfrom Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus.

University Lakeside Campus. There are 2 to 3 store

There are 2 to 3 store y terrace house comprises of 4 y terrace house comprises of 4 to 6 bedrooms with 3 to 4 bathrooms.to 6 bedrooms with 3 to 4 bathrooms. The range of the layout is between 1950 square feet to 2683 square feet.

The range of the layout is between 1950 square feet to 2683 square feet. Taman ImpianTaman Impian Murni has a variety of shopping amenitie, schools, hospital accessible for the Murni has a variety of shopping amenitie, schools, hospital accessible for the convenient of their residence. Such as SK Bukit Kemuning 2, SMK Bukit Kemuning, convenient of their residence. Such as SK Bukit Kemuning 2, SMK Bukit Kemuning, SJK (C) Chung Hwa, Jusco Bukit Tinggi, Econsave Bukit Kemuning and Columbia SJK (C) Chung Hwa, Jusco Bukit Tinggi, Econsave Bukit Kemuning and Columbia Asia Hospital.

Asia Hospital.

Mr Lim who in charge of our site visit

Mr Lim who in charge of our site visit explain a lot ofexplain a lot of information about this project.

information about this project.

While we reach the construction site, the management give each of us a safety helmet While we reach the construction site, the management give each of us a safety helmet as a head protection to avoid any accident happen in construction site. They need to as a head protection to avoid any accident happen in construction site. They need to ensure we all properly attired with safet

ensure we all properly attired with safet y helmet and covered shoe to protect ourselvesy helmet and covered shoe to protect ourselves before we

before we entering the entering the site. site. Safety is Safety is the most the most important part important part in the in the construction site.construction site. Whole surrounding of site was covered by vertical hoarding. A short brief about the Whole surrounding of site was covered by vertical hoarding. A short brief about the project was given b

project was given by Mr Lim before y Mr Lim before we start we start the tour arouthe tour around the site. nd the site. We all We all separateseparate to 2 groups and start the tour around the construction site.

to 2 groups and start the tour around the construction site.

CONTENT

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Once we go through the construction site, we can clearl

Once we go through the construction site, we can clearl y saw a fewy saw a few temporarytemporary works

works installed. installed.

Hoarding Hoarding

The construction site is The construction site is fenced by vertical fenced by vertical hoarding. Hoarding is hoarding. Hoarding is used to stop unauthorized used to stop unauthorized person access to site. It is person access to site. It is consider a dangerous act consider a dangerous act if you go into construction if you go into construction site without permission. site without permission.

Description Board Description Board Project information Project information sign board shown in sign board shown in front of the main front of the main entrance. entrance. Accommodation Accommodation Temporary Temporary accommodation for accommodation for construction workers on construction workers on site. site. Precaution board Precaution board Precaution board were Precaution board were well placed at the main well placed at the main entrance as a reminder. entrance as a reminder. Everyone in the site is Everyone in the site is required safety equipment required safety equipment to prevent accident.

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Material Storage Material Storage Pre-cast concrete Pre-cast concrete

bricks are well stacked bricks are well stacked

on the floor. 50kg on the floor. 50kg Portland composite Portland composite cement bags properly cement bags properly stored in pallet form stored in pallet form with proper height and with proper height and correct stacking.

correct stacking.

Fabric reinforcement Fabric reinforcement that place in floors, and that place in floors, and foundation slabs stored foundation slabs stored properly at the site to properly at the site to

use later. use later.

False Work False Work

False work is actually False work is actually supporting your column supporting your column so your formwork does so your formwork does not fall. Mr Lim they not fall. Mr Lim they just finish casting one just finish casting one

or two week ago so or two week ago so they start moving the they start moving the formwork.

formwork.

Formwork Formwork

Formwork is the term given Formwork is the term given to either temporary or

to either temporary or permanent

permanent moulds moulds intointo which

which concrete concrete or similaror similar materials are poured. materials are poured.

Formwork is actually what Formwork is actually what the concrete formed. This is the concrete formed. This is timber formwork for

timber formwork for concrete column. It is concrete column. It is economical, light weight economical, light weight and easy to install or and easy to install or remove.

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Scaffolding Scaffolding

A temporary structure used to A temporary structure used to support a work crew and support a work crew and materials in construction used materials in construction used by workers while building, by workers while building,

repairing, or cleaning the repairing, or cleaning the building.

building.

This project actually This project actually done with piling and done with piling and covered by strip covered by strip footing. Strip footing footing. Strip footing have two function, it have two function, it act as a cap and act act as a cap and act as a beam (ground as a beam (ground beam).

beam).

Pile foundation

Pile foundation is a deep is a deep foundation which foundation which is used in is used in this project. this project. PilePile foundations are the part of a structure used to carr

foundations are the part of a structure used to carry and transfer the load of the structurey and transfer the load of the structure to the bearing g

to the bearing ground located at some round located at some depth below gdepth below ground surface. round surface. Material of pilingMaterial of piling can be steel, timber or concrete and it driven into soil and to support foundation, can be steel, timber or concrete and it driven into soil and to support foundation, retaining walls or other structures. Advantages of pile foundation is it suitable for all retaining walls or other structures. Advantages of pile foundation is it suitable for all type of soil.

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Concrete Cover Concrete Cover

Concrete cover, in reinforced concrete, it Concrete cover, in reinforced concrete, it placed

placed between between the the surface surface ofof reinforcement and the outer surface. reinforcement and the outer surface. Concrete cover

Concrete cover for stfor steel eel bar is bar is muchmuch necessary to protect the steel against necessary to protect the steel against corrosion and to provide resistance corrosion and to provide resistance against fire. Concrete cover are usually against fire. Concrete cover are usually pre-fabricated and use it piece by piece. pre-fabricated and use it piece by piece. The workers is measure the thickness of The workers is measure the thickness of the concrete cover and make sure it is flat the concrete cover and make sure it is flat with concrete cover which placed upper . with concrete cover which placed upper .

Clay Bricks & Concrete Bricks Clay Bricks & Concrete Bricks

The reason why we always use clay brick in between the houses and we use mason brick The reason why we always use clay brick in between the houses and we use mason brick within the houses itself .In Malaysia law, fire fighting need two hours and clay bricks can within the houses itself .In Malaysia law, fire fighting need two hours and clay bricks can actually get to that level because i

actually get to that level because it minimum thickness is 150m.t minimum thickness is 150m.

Concrete bricks also have same function with clay bricks but concrete bricks is l

Concrete bricks also have same function with clay bricks but concrete bricks is l ess costly.ess costly. Concrete bricks noise insulation and fire fighting are not as well as clay bricks.

Concrete bricks noise insulation and fire fighting are not as well as clay bricks.

Concrete Stairs Concrete Stairs

Concrete stairs are ideal Concrete stairs are ideal for the construction of for the construction of high quality private and high quality private and residential stairways. residential stairways. Maintenance free service Maintenance free service and excellent durability and excellent durability are the benefits of concrete are the benefits of concrete stairs.

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Column Column

A column or pillar in A column or pillar in

Architecture and Structural Architecture and Structural engineering is a structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, element that transmits, through compression, the through compression, the weight of the structure above weight of the structure above to other structural elements to other structural elements below.

below. Typically Typically cylindricalcylindrical

and made of stone or

concrete.

Lintel Lintel Lintel is a

Lintel is a horizontal support horizontal support

of concrete across the top of

a door or window. So that

the load will not go on the

door or window frame itself.

If the load go on the door

frame, it will melt back after

a period of time and the

frame will deform.

Beam

A beam is a structural element

that is capable of withstanding

load primarily by resisting

against bending. The bending

force induced into the material

of the beam as a result of the

external loads, own weight,

span and external reactions to

these loads is called a bending

moment.

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Non Suspended Slab Non Suspended Slab

It called non suspended beam because It called non suspended beam because it is partiall

it is partially supported by the ground.y supported by the ground. So half of the load are distributed to So half of the load are distributed to the ground directly while another half the ground directly while another half are distributed to the beam. This are distributed to the beam. This means that the reinforcement and means that the reinforcement and loading here much less when loading here much less when compare to the above (upper floor compare to the above (upper floor sl

slaabb .. Suspended slab

Suspended slab Suspended

Suspended slabs slabs are are slabs slabs thatthat are not in direct contact with are not in direct contact with the g

the ground. round. The load The load directlydirectly distribute to beam at that side distribute to beam at that side and move down to the column and move down to the column and then strip pilling after that and then strip pilling after that goes down to your pile.

goes down to your pile.

Mr Lim said expose the reinforcement bars in ground beams and then Mr Lim said expose the reinforcement bars in ground beams and then concrete only about ¾ of the ground beam. Next, tie the mesh fabric concrete only about ¾ of the ground beam. Next, tie the mesh fabric reinforcement (BRC) of the slab together with the

reinforcement (BRC) of the slab together with the exposed reinforcementexposed reinforcement bars

bars of of the the ground ground beam beam before before concreting concreting the the slab. slab. In In terms terms of of civilcivil engineering, ground floor loads are distributed to the ground level, so engineering, ground floor loads are distributed to the ground level, so there will be less reinforcement required and the sizes of BRC might be there will be less reinforcement required and the sizes of BRC might be reduced, thus allows cost saving compared to the suspended floor slabs. reduced, thus allows cost saving compared to the suspended floor slabs.

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Double brick cavity wall Double brick cavity wall

This houses use double brick cavity wall. Double brick This houses use double brick cavity wall. Double brick cavity wall consists of two la

cavity wall consists of two layers of brick with ayers of brick with a cavity in between separating the two leaves of cavity in between separating the two leaves of

masonry bricks. As brick is an absorbent material, it masonry bricks. As brick is an absorbent material, it can draw rainwater or moisture into the

can draw rainwater or moisture into the

construction. Hence, the cavity serves as drainage construction. Hence, the cavity serves as drainage toto protect the construction from the external elements. protect the construction from the external elements. Double brick cavity wall gives better performance in Double brick cavity wall gives better performance in thermal, acoustic

thermal, acoustic and prevents moisture beingand prevents moisture being

transferred directly from the outside wall face to the transferred directly from the outside wall face to the interior of the building as compared to conventional interior of the building as compared to conventional single skin brick wall construction.

single skin brick wall construction. Scraper drain

Scraper drain

There is a drop on the up stand beam and it actually help There is a drop on the up stand beam and it actually help you to move the water from one side to the floor track you to move the water from one side to the floor track itself.

itself.

Ventilation pipe Ventilation pipe

Ventilation pipe used for Ventilation pipe used for release smelly gas from above release smelly gas from above the roof.

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Pre checking before poured concrete Pre checking before poured concrete First, you need to

First, you need to measures themeasures the consistencyconsistency and andworkabilityworkability of the concrete by of the concrete by slump test.slump test. Second, you need to make sure concrete cover placed properly before poured concrete. Second, you need to make sure concrete cover placed properly before poured concrete. Third, check structural drawing whether reinforcement bar placed properly and correct. Third, check structural drawing whether reinforcement bar placed properly and correct. If you not reinforce formwork carefully the supporting member will lose when you tied up. If you not reinforce formwork carefully the supporting member will lose when you tied up. If it loose, the concrete will flow out. And contractor need to remove concrete slab because If it loose, the concrete will flow out. And contractor need to remove concrete slab because concrete is harden very fast. You will have a lot of honey comb and loose joints. You also concrete is harden very fast. You will have a lot of honey comb and loose joints. You also need to pay extra money for restructure.

need to pay extra money for restructure.

It is very expensive to pay for carbon fibre reinfor

It is very expensive to pay for carbon fibre reinforce that why you need to pre checking.ce that why you need to pre checking. This is your most conventional construction that and it actually uses cast in-situ. This is your most conventional construction that and it actually uses cast in-situ. Cast in-situ means everything will be cast

Cast in-situ means everything will be cast in the spot after you construct thein the spot after you construct the

formwork and false work. However, that is another method which is very trending formwork and false work. However, that is another method which is very trending right now called IBS system they build your house like lego everything is already right now called IBS system they build your house like lego everything is already pre casted and pre moulded and y

pre casted and pre moulded and you can actually duplicate it easily.ou can actually duplicate it easily.

Basically, concrete is very strong in Basically, concrete is very strong in the compression but it is very brittle the compression but it is very brittle and very weak in tensile strength. and very weak in tensile strength. Steel is very strong at both but steel Steel is very strong at both but steel is very expensive so we can’t build is very expensive so we can’t build whole building by steel. We use this whole building by steel. We use this steel rebar to act as skeleton of the steel rebar to act as skeleton of the backbone of concrete to actually to backbone of concrete to actually to give tensile strength. It partly used give tensile strength. It partly used to reinforce and partly used to to reinforce and partly used to support.

support.

Stirrup and Link Stirrup and Link Stirrup a

Stirrup a reinforcement reinforcement usedused to resist

to resist shear shear andand diagonal diagonal tension

tension stresses instresses in

aa concrete concrete structural structural member.member. Link is used to hold the

Link is used to hold the longitudinal bars in columns longitudinal bars in columns in position, preventing them in position, preventing them from buckling outward by from buckling outward by bursting the thin concrete bursting the thin concrete

cover. cover.

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Concrete Mixer Concrete Mixer

A concrete mixer is a device that combines

A concrete mixer is a device that combines cement, cement, aggregate aggregate such as sand orsuch as sand or gravel, and

gravel, and water water to formto form concrete. concrete. Special concrete transport

Special concrete transport trucks trucks are made to transport and mix concrete up toare made to transport and mix concrete up to the construction site. They can be charged with dry materials and wat

the construction site. They can be charged with dry materials and wat er, with theer, with the mixing occurring during transport.

mixing occurring during transport.

Crane Crane

A crane is a type of machine, generally A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with a

equipped with a hoist rope, hoist rope, wire wire ropes

ropes or or chains, chains, and and sheaves, sheaves, that can be that can be used both to lift and lower materials and used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally. It is mainly to move them horizontally. It is mainly used for lifting heavy things and

used for lifting heavy things and transporting them

transporting them to other to other places. places. InIn the

the construction construction industry for theindustry for the Excavator

Excavator

Excavator is the machine that can Excavator is the machine that can excavate the soil of soil of various types excavate the soil of soil of various types forcefully and then using hydraulic force forcefully and then using hydraulic force is generated and utilizing this force is generated and utilizing this force bucket is pull back towards

bucket is pull back towards the machine.the machine. Excavators are used for earth digging, Excavators are used for earth digging, loading trucks, trenching and breaking loading trucks, trenching and breaking previous layers of highways an

previous layers of highways and loading.d loading.

Machinery

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Come and look the finishes Come and look the finishes

of this project!!! of this project!!!

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This is my first time enter

This is my first time enter a construction site. After this site visit, I gain extraa construction site. After this site visit, I gain extra and valuable knowledge which can’t learn in theory class. I also know the

and valuable knowledge which can’t learn in theory class. I also know the basicbasic ofof how a building be constructed .This is a chance

how a building be constructed .This is a chance for students to experience actualfor students to experience actual working environment as a quantity surveyor in site through this visit.

working environment as a quantity surveyor in site through this visit. First, I know the important of safety while we

First, I know the important of safety while we in construction site .Lecturesin construction site .Lectures and Mr Lim who in charge of this visit always remind us he important of safety. and Mr Lim who in charge of this visit always remind us he important of safety. We are required to wear sa

We are required to wear safety helmet and covered shoe to avoid the happening offety helmet and covered shoe to avoid the happening of accident while we in the site. There

accident while we in the site. There are also have precautious board placed at theare also have precautious board placed at the entrance of site to remind us. We also learn to identify various type of building entrance of site to remind us. We also learn to identify various type of building materials and obverse some construction technology while walking through materials and obverse some construction technology while walking through constructi

construction site. Besides, we can on site. Besides, we can clearly see how the equipment and machineryclearly see how the equipment and machinery work in side.

work in side.

Moreover, I also more clearly in the

Moreover, I also more clearly in the principle of measurement while I actuallyprinciple of measurement while I actually see where the reinforcement placed. I am

see where the reinforcement placed. I am not clear in what concrete cover not clear in what concrete cover functionfunction and where it placed before this visit but after

and where it placed before this visit but after Mr Lim explain in the site Mr Lim explain in the site ,I can,I can clearly know what is it. Ms Ang also show us some principle of measurement on clearly know what is it. Ms Ang also show us some principle of measurement on site.

site.

I am very thankful to have opportunity go for this site visit .It really benefits to I am very thankful to have opportunity go for this site visit .It really benefits to fresh students who just semester 1 like me. It

fresh students who just semester 1 like me. It increase my knowledge andincrease my knowledge and experience .I hope that I have

experience .I hope that I have more chances to visit other sites after this.more chances to visit other sites after this.

Site Visit Report