averages over the last 50 years of the 100 year perturbed and baseline experiments.

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Figure S1: The decomposition of the regional effective temperature response (local temperature response terms normalized by global effective radiative forcing) for concentration -driven (conc) models (NCAR-CESM1-CAM4, GISS-E2-R, NorESM1) and for emission -driven (emi) models (CanESM2, HadGEM2, MIROC-SPRINTARS) and in sulx5 (columns 1-2) and bcx10 (columns 3-4) experiments. First row shows the model mean total effective temperature response, and rows 2-7 show the contributions of different energy balance terms to the total response. The responses are calculated as averages over the last 50 years of the 100 year perturbed and baseline experiments.

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Figure S3: Same as S2 but for the relative humidity change.

Figure S4: Same as S2 but for the cloud fraction change.

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∆T ∆LWclr ∆SWclr ∆LWcld, ∆SWcld ∆SWAlbedo ∆SU RF ∆CON V CanESM2 2.700.18 2.290.08 0.330.02 0.090.04 -0.030.11 0.300.04 -0.250.12 -0.020.04 HadGEM2-ES 2.730.14 2.310.10 0.320.06 0.040.06 0.050.13 0.310.03 -0.300.11 -0.010.04 NCAR- CESM1-CAM4 3.180.11 2.750.08 0.300.01 -0.390.04 0.200.11 0.290.02 0.070.10 -0.060.05 NorESM1 2.060.14 _2.050.08 _0.190.01 _-0.180.05 _0.020.10 _0.280.03 _-0.300.11 _-0.000.06 MIROC-SPRINTARS 1.46 0.14 _1.790.06 _0.140.03 _-0.270.04 _0.020.07 _0.150.02 _-0.370.09 _0.010.05 GISS-E2-R 1.490.08 _1.860.05 _0.070.01 _0.070.03 _-0.270.10 _0.080.02 _-0.330.08 _0.010.04 mean 2.27 2.17 0.22 -0.11 -0.00 0.24 -0.24 -0.01 std 0.65 0.32 0.10 0.19 0.14 0.09 0.15 0.02 correlation 1.00 0.97 0.92 -0.12 0.70 0.86 0.77 -0.91 CSD 0.65 0.31 0.09 -0.02 0.10 0.08 0.11 -0.02 Effective response CanESM2 0.760.05 0.640.02 0.090.01 0.030.01 -0.010.03 0.080.01 -0.070.03 -0.010.01 HadGEM2-ES 0.750.04 0.630.03 0.090.02 0.010.02 0.010.04 0.090.01 -0.080.03 -0.000.01 NCAR- CESM1-CAM4 0.890.03 0.770.02 0.080.00 -0.110.01 0.060.03 0.080.01 0.020.03 -0.020.01 NorESM1 0.590.04 _0.590.02 _0.060.00 _-0.050.01 _0.010.03 _0.080.01 _-0.080.03 _-0.000.02 MIROC-SPRINTARS 0.40 0.04 _0.490.02 _0.040.01 _-0.080.01 _0.010.02 _0.040.01 _-0.100.03 _0.000.01 GISS-E2-R 0.370.02 _0.460.01 _0.020.00 _0.020.01 _-0.070.02 _0.020.00 _-0.080.02 _0.000.01 mean 0.63 0.60 0.06 -0.03 0.00 0.07 -0.07 -0.00 std 0.19 0.10 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.01 correlation 1.00 0.98 0.93 -0.16 0.75 0.89 0.72 -0.89 CSD 0.19 0.10 0.03 -0.01 0.03 0.02 0.03 -0.01

Table S1: Decomposition of the global absolute and effective temperature response (absolute response divided by the ERF) into different energy balance terms for co2x2 experiments (Long- and shortwave clear-sky terms (∆LWclr, ∆SWclr), cloud terms (∆LWcld,∆SWcld), surface energy exchange (∆SU RF ) and horizontal energy

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∆T ∆LWclr ∆SWclr ∆LWcld, ∆SWcld ∆SWAlbedo ∆SU RF ∆CON V CanESM2 0.600.19 0.470.08 0.130.02 -0.010.04 -0.010.13 0.080.04 -0.040.12 -0.000.04 HadGEM2-ES 0.800.17 0.640.09 0.060.08 0.020.07 0.040.12 0.090.03 -0.060.12 -0.000.04 NCAR- CESM1-CAM4 1.070.09 0.950.07 0.100.01 -0.150.05 0.060.10 0.100.03 0.030.09 -0.020.06 NorESM1 0.670.12 _0.700.06 _0.060.01 _-0.110.04 _0.010.12 _0.090.03 _-0.090.10 _0.000.07 MIROC-SPRINTARS 0.30 0.11 _0.440.05 _0.100.03 _-0.180.04 _-0.020.07 _0.030.03 _-0.070.08 _0.010.04 GISS-E2-R 0.420.07 _0.490.05 _0.010.01 _0.060.03 _-0.020.10 _0.020.02 _-0.150.07 _0.010.04 mean 0.64 0.62 0.08 -0.06 0.01 0.07 -0.07 -0.00 std 0.25 0.18 0.04 0.09 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.01 correlation 1.00 0.91 0.22 -0.11 0.94 0.89 0.74 -0.92 CSD 0.25 0.16 0.01 -0.01 0.03 0.03 0.04 -0.01 Effective response CanESM2 0.440.14 0.340.06 0.090.02 -0.010.03 -0.010.09 0.060.03 -0.030.09 -0.000.03 HadGEM2-ES 0.640.13 0.510.07 0.050.06 0.020.05 0.030.10 0.070.03 -0.050.09 -0.000.03 NCAR- CESM1-CAM4 0.870.07 0.770.05 0.080.01 -0.130.04 0.050.08 0.080.02 0.020.07 -0.010.05 NorESM1 0.580.10 _0.610.05 _0.050.01 _-0.090.04 _0.010.10 _0.080.03 _-0.080.09 _0.000.06 MIROC-SPRINTARS 0.38 0.14 _0.560.06 _0.120.04 _-0.230.04 _-0.030.08 _0.030.04 _-0.090.10 _0.010.06 GISS-E2-R 0.310.05 _0.370.04 _0.010.01 _0.040.02 _-0.020.07 _0.020.01 _-0.110.05 _0.010.03 mean 0.54 0.53 0.07 -0.07 0.01 0.06 -0.06 0.00 std 0.18 0.14 0.04 0.09 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.01 correlation 1.00 0.81 0.09 -0.15 0.96 0.88 0.85 -0.85 CSD 0.18 0.12 0.00 -0.01 0.03 0.02 0.04 -0.01

Table S2: Same as S1 but for ch4x3 experiments.

∆T ∆LWclr ∆SWclr ∆LWcld, ∆SWcld ∆SWAlbedo ∆SU RF ∆CON V

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∆T ∆LWclr ∆SWclr ∆LWcld, ∆SWcld ∆SWAlbedo ∆SU RF ∆CON V CanESM2 1.310.20 _0.160.09 _1.300.02 _-0.010.04 _-0.190.10 _0.140.04 _-0.060.13 _-0.030.05 HadGEM2-ES 1.660.14 0.660.09 1.070.06 -0.080.06 -0.050.12 0.170.04 -0.090.10 -0.010.03 NCAR- CESM1-CAM4 0.420.08 _0.060.06 _0.700.01 _-0.170.04 _-0.180.09 _0.020.02 _0.000.07 _-0.010.05 NorESM1 0.670.10 0.130.06 0.850.01 -0.140.04 -0.170.10 0.080.03 -0.070.11 -0.000.06 MIROC-SPRINTARS 0.16 0.12 _-0.020.05 _0.410.03 _-0.100.03 _-0.140.06 _0.030.03 _-0.020.09 _0.000.05 GISS-E2-R 0.400.08 _-0.030.06 _0.630.01 _-0.010.03 _-0.140.09 _0.010.03 _-0.070.07 _0.010.04 mean 0.77 0.16 0.83 -0.08 -0.15 0.07 -0.05 -0.01 std 0.54 0.23 0.29 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.03 0.01 correlation 1.00 0.88 0.90 0.26 0.50 0.96 -0.60 -0.65 CSD 0.54 0.21 0.26 0.02 0.02 0.06 -0.02 -0.01 Effective response CanESM2 0.840.13 0.100.06 0.840.01 -0.010.03 -0.120.07 0.090.03 -0.040.08 -0.020.03 HadGEM2-ES 1.180.10 0.470.06 0.760.04 -0.060.04 -0.030.08 0.120.03 -0.060.07 -0.010.02 NCAR- CESM1-CAM4 0.550.11 0.070.07 0.910.01 -0.220.06 -0.230.12 0.020.03 0.010.09 -0.020.07 NorESM1 0.490.07 _0.090.04 _0.620.01 _-0.100.03 _-0.130.07 _0.060.02 _-0.050.08 _-0.000.05 MIROC-SPRINTARS 0.25 0.18 _-0.030.07 _0.650.04 _-0.150.05 _-0.230.10 _0.040.04 _-0.040.14 _0.010.07 GISS-E2-R 0.320.06 _-0.020.05 _0.510.01 _-0.000.02 _-0.120.08 _0.010.02 _-0.060.06 _0.010.03 mean 0.61 0.11 0.71 -0.09 -0.14 0.06 -0.04 -0.01 std 0.32 0.17 0.14 0.08 0.07 0.04 0.02 0.01 correlation 1.00 0.93 0.53 0.30 0.71 0.88 -0.21 -0.62 CSD 0.32 0.15 0.07 0.02 0.05 0.03 -0.00 -0.01

Table S4: Same as S1 but for bcx10 experiments.

co2x2 ch4x3 sulx5 bcx10 CanESM2 3.45 0.75 -3.68 1.56 HadGEM2 4.06 1.40 -4.25 2.41 NCAR-CESM1-CAM4 3.14 1.09 -1.50 0.41 NorESM1 2.95 0.92 -2.32 1.01 MIROC-SPRINTARS 2.23 0.47 -1.64 0.24 GISS-E2-R 2.06 1.07 -1.34 0.59 mean 2.98 0.95 -2.46 1.04 std 0.69 0.29 1.12 0.75